新目标英语中考复习：形容词、副词的用法总结与练习

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一、形容词：用来修饰名词等表示人和事物的性质、特征的英语单词。如：nice，好看的； big，大的；afraid，害怕的等。 1）形容词的种类及作用 1.性质形容词：直接说明人和事物的性质特征的形容词，有等级变化；可作定语，表语和宾语补足语。 The handbag is very beautiful. 这个包很漂亮。（表语）

Mr Chen always makes our English class interesting. 陈老师总使得我们的英语课堂生动有趣。（宾语补足语）

2）叙述形容词：只能作表语，又叫表语形容词；大多数以a开头，如：afraid害怕；alone单独的；alive活着的；asleep睡着的；awake醒来的；well健康的；ill病的； 2、形容词的位置

（1）作定语放在名词之前：

Good idea! 好主意！ Beijing is a beautiful city. 北京是一个美丽的城市。 （2）做定语后置的情况：

①形容词修饰复合不定代词时，要后置（something, anything, everything......) There is something wrong with my bike. 我自行车有问题。

②形容词与数词连用做定语时，要后置 The room is three meters long ③形容词短语作定语时，要后置 The singer is famous for her words

④表语形容词alive, asleep,awake等作定语时要后置 She was the only person awake ⑤形容词enough修饰名词时，可以前置也可以后置。

We have enough chairs for everyone You should wear clothes enough to keep warm

（2）连系动词之后（be, become,grow,turn,get,go,look,feel,smell,sound,taste,stay,keep,remain)：

The building is three hundred meters tall.这栋楼房三百米高。 3、多个形容词的排列顺序。

限定词（冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等）+ 描述性形容词+大小、形状、长短、高低 + 新旧、长幼 + 颜色 + 产地、材料、用途 + 被修饰名词 a small old yellow wooden table 一张黄色的旧木头小桌子

an expensive new Japanese sports car 一辆昂贵的新型的日本跑车Eg 4、含有形容词的常用句型

1）it’s+adj +of +sb+ to do sth (kind, nice, good,polite,clever,foolish,lazy,right ) 表示“某人做某事是..........”

It’s kind of you to help me. It’s really clever of you to find the way home.

2）it’s+adj+for+sb+to do sth (difficult,easy,hard,dangerous,useful,necessary,impossible) 表示“做某事对某人来说是.......的”

It’s easy for a child to wake up It’s important that we look after the Earth 5、几组形容词词义的辨析

pleased（自身感到愉快的） and pleasant (令人愉快的 ) My parents are pleased hear the pleasant news. 1） alone（单独） and lonely （内心孤单的） He went to the mountain alone,so he fells lonely.

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2） interested（自身感兴趣的） and interesting（令人感兴趣的） He is interested in the interesting thing.

3） elder（年长的，具有血缘关系） and older（年龄大的） My elder sister is older than me.

4） farther （远的）and further（进一步的）

Rome is farther from London than Paris is. Do you need further help？ 小试牛刀

( )1. My ____ sister is two years _____ than I.

A. older; older B. elder; elder C. older; elder D. elder; older ( )2. There was _____ house in front of the hill.

A. a wooden old fine B. an old wooden fine C. a fine old wooden D. an old fine wooden ( )3. What an _____ story! I’m _____ in it.

A. interested; interesting B. interesting; interested C. interested; interested D. interesting; interesting ( )4.After turning .She is too tired to walk ______.

A. farther B. further C. farthest D. furthest ( )5.The twins are together most of the time. So they never fell ______. A. lonely B. alone C. happily D. Friendly

二、副词:副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。 1、副词的分类和作用: 1) 时间和频度副词:

now,then,often,always,usually,early,today,lately,next,last,already, ever, never, yet, soon , too, hardly, finally, shortly, before, ago, sometimes, yesterday. 2) 地点副词:

here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on. 3) 方式副词:

Carefully , suddenly, normally, fast, well, politely, proudly, softly, warmly 4) 程度副词:

much, little, very, rather, so, too, still, quite, enough, almost 5) 疑问副词:

how, when, where, why. 6) 关系副词: when, where, why. 7) 连接副词:

how, when, where, why, whether.

副词的用法: 副词在句中可作状语。

You speak English quite well.你英语讲的很好。 2、副词的位置:

1) 多数副词都可以放在动词的后面,如果动词带有宾语,副词就放在宾语后面。 I get up early in the morning everyday.我每天早早起床。

I have seen this film twice with my friends.这部电影我和朋友看过两次。 2) 副词修饰形容词,副词时,放在前面,而被修饰的词在后面。

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It's rather easy, I can do it.这很容易,我能做到。 He did it quite well.他做得相当好。

3) 频度副词可放在实义动词前面,情态动词和助动词后面。 I often help him these days.这些日子我经常帮助他。 I hardly finish the work without your help.

4) 疑问副词,连接副词,关系副词以及修饰整个句子的副词,通常放在句子或从句的前面。 When do you study everyday?你每天什么时间学习? Luckily,I passed the exam.

5) 时间副词和地点副词在一个句中, 地点副词在前面，时间副词在后面。

We went shopping in the supermarket at 9 o'clock yesterday. 昨天九点钟我们到超市买东西了. What were you doing in the classroom yesterday evening? 昨天下午你在教室里干什么？ 3、常见易混副词的辨析 1）either,also,too,as well

too 和as well 用在肯定句末，either 常用在否定句末，also 用在肯定句中，be动词，助动词和情态动词之后，实义动词之前

Nice to meet you,too. I also like this dress. He doesn't like vegetables,either. 2)hard和hardly

It rains hard,I hardly see the road. 3)late和lately

Lately,I'm often late for the class. 4)very，much和very much

very 修饰形容词和副词，much修饰比较级，very much 修饰动词 6）too much(修饰名词） and much too(修饰形容词） 7）sometime and sometimes

Let's meet in sometime next month. I sometimes get up at 7. 8）high and highly

He climbs high. She thinks highly with you. 9）How often,how soon, how long ,how far 小试牛刀

( )1. The jacket is _____ nice, but it’s _____ more expensive than that one. A. much; much B. very; very C. much; very D. very; much ( )2.–Do you think the chicken tastes ______?-She cooked it _____, I think. A. good; good B. well; well C. well; good D. good; well ( )3.He worked ____ quietly ____ no one knew he was there.

A. so; as B. so; that C. very; that D. too; to ( )4.You must be more _____, Jim. Look, you didn’t write ___.

A carefully; careful B. careful; carefully C. careful; careful D. carefully; carefully ( )5.This kind of skirt looks ______ and sells ______.

A. nice; well B. nice; good C. well; well D. good; nice

( )6.–How was the weather yesterday? -It was terrible. It rained ____. People could ____ go out. A. hardly; hardly B. hardly; hard C. hard; hard D. hard; hardly 三、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

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（1）形容词和副词比较级和最高级的变化规则 1、规则变化：（一直加二去e三变y四双写）

①一般的比较级和最高级在形容词或副词后加-er或-est， 如：small —— smaller —— smallest

②以不发音-e结尾的形容词或副词去掉e加 –er或 –est， 如：large —— larger —— largest

③以辅音字母加 y 结尾的形容词和副词，把“y”变“i”，再加 –er或-est. 如：busy——busier——busiest

④重读闭音节词尾是一个辅音字母的，需双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est， 如big－bigger－biggest；hot－hotter－hottest. 还有wet, fat, red, thin ⑤一些双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most，如：

slowly —— more slowly —— most slowly difficult——more difficult——most difficult

beautiful——more beautiful——most beautiful；

中考易混点：hungry----hungrier----hungriest frirendly----friendlier---- friendliest ⑥、不规则的变化：

good / well——better——best many/much——more——most bad / ill / badly——worse——worst little——less——least

far —— farther / further —— farther / furthest old----older/elder----oldest/eldest (记忆妙招：两好、两坏、两多、一远、一老、一少) 2、形容词和副词的等比句型 ①as…as… 和……一样

例如： I’m as tall as you. 我和你一样高

②not as（so）…as 不和…… 一样（在否定句中常用so 来代替as） 如，I can’t run so fast as you. 我没有你跑得快。

另外as…as possible 为固定结构，如，as soon as possible， as quickly as possible 等。在以上两个句型中形容词或副词一定要用原级。

（3）形容词和副词的比较级句型还有：

① 形容词/ 副词 比较级 + than 句型 ，在than 后面的人称代词用主语和宾语均可。 如：He is older than I / me.

但是如果人称代词后有动词时，则只能用主格形式。

如： Tom found more red leaves than I did.汤姆比我找到红叶多 ②“the+比较级，the +比较级” 结构表示”越.........越........”。

如：The more you learn，the more you’ll know. 学得多知道得也多。

③“more and more”结构（指两个形容词比较级用and 连接）表示“越来越.......”。 如： I’m getting thinner and thinner. 我越来越瘦。

Beijing is getting more and more beautiful。北京变得越来越美。

④the+比较级+of the two 表示“两个钟比较.....的” The apple is the bigger of the two ⑤比较级+than any other+单数名词 表示“比其他任何.....都......” He is cleverer than any other student in his class

注意：两者进行比较，比较的双方不在同一范围内，不用other Shanghai is bigger than any city in Canada （4）形容词和副词最高级的句型

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①.主+be+the+最高级+in/of (三者比较) Eg:Shanghai is most beautiful city in China.

②.one of the+最高级+名词复数，表示“…之一” Eg:Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers 3、修饰形容词和副词的比较级的副词要用much， a lot， a little， a bit， far等，very不能和比较级连用。

如： The blouse I bought yesterday is a little less expensive. 昨天我买的衬衣比较便宜。 小试牛刀

一、用所给单词的适当形式填空： 1. John is ________(tall) than Sam.

2. Lin Lin is the ________ (young) in our class.

3. The man took off his shoes and put them under his bed very _______(quiet). 4. Ann felt very _______ (happy) at her birthday party. 5. Which is _______ (far) from us, the sun or the moon? 6. She looks _________ (thin) than me.

7. It snowed ________ (heavy) last night and now the streets are covered with snow. 8. Mr. Benson seems to be the _______ (busy) man in the world. 9.“The sooner, the ________ (good)”, Uncle Wang said. 10. Jack has the ______ (little) bread of the three boys. 二、单项选择题

( )1. Can you do your work with ____ money and ____ people? A. less; few B. less; fewer C. little; less D. few; less ( )2. I didn’t know which was _____, so I took them both.

A. good B. better C. best D. the best ( )3. The population of Beijing is larger than _____ Shenzhen.

A. / B. the one in C. that of D. those of ( )4.Li Lei is running _____ now.

A. more and more slowly B. slowier and slowier

C. slowly and slowly D. more slowly and more slowly ( )5.Lin Tao speaks English very well, and ______.

A. so does his friend B. his friend does so C. so did his friend D. so he did ( )6.New York is _____ in the United States.

A. larger than any city B. larger than any other city C. bigger than any cities D. biggest of all the cities ( )7.This street is much ______ than that one.

A. straight B. straighter C. straightest D. more straighter ( )8.Of the two pencil-boxes, the boy chose ______ expensive one. A. less B. the least C. the less D. the most ( )9.Would you please say it _____? I still can’t follow you.

A. more slow B. much slow C. more slowly D. much slowly 练一练

( )1.－Which coat is on me, The blue one or the black one? －The blue one.

A. good B. better C. best D. the best ( )2.Now telephones are very popular and they are much than before.

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A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest ( )3.Remember to e-mail me. All of us hope to hear from you .

A. quickly B. soon C. fast D. quick

( )4.―Do you remember he came here? ―Of course I do. His father drove him here.

A. whether B. when C. how D. why

( )5.Carl felt because he won the first prize in the school singing competition.

A. interested B. proud C. angry D. worried ( )6.Don’t believe the advertisement. That kind of camera is it says

A. as good as B. not as good as C. as well as D. not as well as ( )7.―I’m getting each month. I can’t put on my jeans.

―I’m afraid you have to take exercise every day.

A. heavy B. heavier C. the heavier D. the heaviest ( )8.Some people think that CD-ROMs will soon be books. A. as more popular as B. the most popular than C. so popular as D. more popular than ( )9.―How are you getting along with your classmates? ―Very well. They are all me.

A. afraid of B. angry with C. tired of D. friendly to

( )10.―How nice the music sounds! ―It does. The peaceful music will make you feel .

A. excited B. bored C. moved D. relaxed

( )11.Doctors often suggest, “ vegetables and meat can help you keep fit.”

A. More; less B. Few; much C. Fewer; more D. Much; less ( )12.He hurt her so _____ that she cried.

A. bad B. badly C. hardly D. worse ( )13.The girl is ___, but her younger sister is even __.

A. tallest; taller B. taller; tallest C. tall; tallest D. tall; taller ( )14.This chair is not _____ for him to ______.

A. strong enough; sit B. enough strong; sit C. enough strong; sit in D. strong enough; sit on

( )15. Tom does everything _____, so his teacher speaks ______ of him.

A. careful; high B. carefully; highly C. careful; highly D. carefully; high ( )16. The little baby looks _____.

A. lovely B. carefully C. heavily D. sadly ( )17. She is _____ careful as I, but I’m _____ than you.

A. as; much careful B. so; more careful C. as; much more careful D. so; very careful ( )18.The Yellow River is ______ river in China.

A. the two long B. the second longer C. the second longest D. two longest ( )19. No one runs as fast as John in his class. The sentence means _____. A. John runs fastest in his class.

B. John runs faster than any other boy in his class.

C. John runs more slowly than any other student in his class. D. John runs as fast as others in his class, ( )20. What a _____ cough! You seem ______ ill.

A. terrible; terribly B. terribly; terrible C. terrible; terrible D. terribly; terribly

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