高考英语二轮专题复习 阅读能力综合培养训练集(五十七)

A

The latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not IQ, a generally bad predictor of

success.Instead, it’ s purposeful practice.Top performers spend more hours practising their craft. If you wanted to picture how a typical

genius might develop, you’ d take a girl who possessed a slightly above average language ability. It wouldn’ t have to be a big talent, just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction. Then you would want her to meet, say, a novelist, who coincidentally shared some similar qualities. Maybe the writer was from the same town, had the same family background, or, shared the same birthday.

This contact would give the girl a vision of her future self.It would give her some idea of a fascinating circle she might someday join.It would also help if one of her parents died when she was 12, giving her a strong sense of insecurity and fuelling a desperate need for success. Armed with this ambition, she would read novels and life stories of writers without end. This would give her a primary knowledge of her field.She’d be able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly understand its inner workings.

Then she would practise writing. Her practice would be slow, painstaking and errorfocused. By practising in this way，she delays the

automatizing process. Her mind wants to turn conscious, newly learned skills into unconscious, automatically performed skills. By practising

slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repeating, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance. Then she would

find an adviser who would provide a constant stream of feedback, viewing her performance from the outside, correcting the smallest errors，pushing

her to take on tougher challenges. By now she is redoing problems — how do I get characters into a room — dozens and dozens of times. She is establishing habits of thought she can call upon in order to understand or solve future problems.

The primary quality our young writer possesses is not some mysterious genius. It’ s the ability to develop a purposeful, laborious and boring

practice routine. The latest research takes some of the magic out of great achievement. But it underlines a fact that is often neglected. Public discussion is affected by genetics and what we’re “hard

wired” to

do. And it’s true that genes play a role in our capabilities. But the brain is also very plastic. We construct ourselves through behavior. [语篇解读] 你依然认为天才由基因决定，认为自己不可能成为天才吗？一项新的研究表明：成功并不取决于人的IQ，而是通过后天有目的的训练得来的。 1．The passage mainly deals with________.

A. the function of IQ in cultivating a writer

B. the relationship between genius and success C. the decisive factor in making a genius

D. the way of gaining some sense of distinction

[解析] 主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了决定成功的主要因素并不是IQ，而是些后天的、有目的的训练和努力。所以C项正确。A、B两项不符合文章意思；D项不具体。 [答案] C

2．By reading novels and writers’ stories, the girl could________. A. come to understand the inner structure of writing B. join a fascinating circle of writers someday C. share with a novelist her likes and dislikes

D. learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security [解析] 细节判断题。依据文章第二段的“This would give her a primary

knowledge of her field.She’d be able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly understand its inner workings.”可知A项正确。 [答案] A

3．In the girl’ s long painstaking training process，________. A. her adviser forms a primary challenging force to her success B. her writing turns into an automatic pattern of performance C. she acquires the magic of some great achievements D. she comes to realize she is “hard

wired” to write

[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“By practising in this way，she

delays the automatizing process.Her mind wants to turn conscious，newly learned skills into unconscious，automatically perfomed skills.”可知B项正确。 [答案] B

4．What can be concluded from the passage?

A. A fuelling ambition plays a leading role in one’ s success. B. A responsible adviser is more important than the knowledge of writing. C. As to the growth of a genius, IQ doesn’ t matter, but just his/her efforts.

D. What really matters is what you do rather than who you are. [解析] 推理判断题。文章主要讲述：一个人的成功并不是由IQ决定的而是通过后天的努力训练得来的。D项“重要的不是你是谁而是你做了什么”符合文章主旨大意。

[答案] D B

237 West Palmdale Boulevard Fresno, California 93706 AmToy Corporation Suite 15 TransAm Building

San Francisco, California 94115 November 20,2008 Dear Sirs，

As a concerned parent, I am writing to protest your recent advertisement for ElectroRobo seen in local media in

California. Specifically, I am referring to newspaper and magazine ads (attached to this letter)published the week of November 15.

Children respond to your type of advertising in an immature way；that is, they are unable to understand how expensive some toys are for

middleclass parents. Further, your product is violent in nature. Your advertisement gives children the impression that it’s fine to have“two guns and laser eyes. ”You also suggest that children need your toy to protect them“when you go outside. ”This is not a healthy attitude for children to have.

I hope you will stop advertising your product in such a way that may harm

our children.

Sincerely yours， (Mrs.) Alma Hernandez President, Parents for Nonviolent Toys Enc.

It’s Here ! Ready for You, Now ! It’s ElectroRobo !

Every boy dreams of being in control of a robot, and AmToy can make your dream come true! ElectroRobo is the world’s first fully automatic robot with radio control. Standing 80 centimeters tall, ElectroRobo is like a friend at home. He can walk, talk, and even shake your hand! He has two guns and laser eyes to help you defend yourself when you go outside with him. Every boy needs ElectroRobo !

Ask your Mom and Dad to buy ElectroRobo for your birthday or for Christmas, which is coming up soon. Imagine that you are in control of your friend for life, ElectroRobo!

Available at all toy stores and department stores NOW!

[语篇解读] 本文是家长写给一家玩具公司的一封信，反对该公司有误导倾向的广告及有暴力倾向的产品。

5．What is the purpose of the letter?

A. To complain about a broken toy. B. To oppose the advertising. C. To order a gift for Christmas.

D. To apply for a job in a toy company.

[解析] 推理判断题。通读文章可知，写这封信的意图是反对这家公司所做的

具有暴力倾向和有误导之嫌的广告，故选B。 [答案] B

6．Why does the writer of the letter feel that ElectroRobo is violent?A. It is controlled by radio waves. B. It is expensive to buy.

C. It is 80 centimeters tall. D. It bears arms.

[解析] 事实细节题。由第二部分第一段倒数第二句He has two guns and laser eyes...可知这玩具持有武器。 [答案] D

7．What does“Enc. ”at the end of the letter mean? A. Something attached to the letter. B. A complaint to the toy company. C. A hidden message.

D. An encouraging response.

[解析] 猜测词义题。由下面的附加广告可以推出该词的含义为“附文”。 [答案] A

8．ElectroRobo can do all the following EXCEPT________. A. sitting down B. shaking hands C. talking D. walking

[解析] 事实细节题。由第二部分第一段倒数第三句描述该电动机器人的He can walk，talk，and even shake your hand！可知四个选项中只有A没有提及，故选A。 [答案] A C

It was the first snow of winter — an exciting day for every child but not for most teachers. Up until now, I had been able to dress myself for recess (课间休息), but today I would need some help.Miss Finlayson, my kindergarten teacher at Princess Elizabeth School near Hamilton，

Ontario，had been through first snow days many times in her long career, but l think she may still remember this one.

I managed to get into my wool snow pants. But I struggled with my jacket because it didn’ t fit well. It was a hand

medown from my brother,

and it made me wonder why I had to wear his ugly clothes. At least my hat and matching scarf were mine, and they were quite pretty. Finally it was time to have Miss Finlayson help me with my boots. In her calm, motherly voice she said, “By the end of winter, you will be able to put on your own boots. ”I didn’t realize at the time that this was more a statement of hope than of confidence.

I handed her my boots and stuck out my feet. Like most children, I expected the adult to do all the work. After much wiggling and pushing, she managed to get the first one into place and then, with a sigh, worked the second one on too.

I announced, “They’ re on the wrong feet. ”With the grace that only experience can bring, she struggled to get the boots off and went through the joyless task of putting them on again.Then I said，“ These aren’t my boots, you know.” As she pulled the offending boots from my feet,

she still managed to look both helpful and interested. Once they were off, I said，“They are my brother’ s boots. My mother makes me wear

them, and I hate them ！” Somehow, from long years of practice，she managed to act as though I wasn’t an annoying little girl.She pushed and shoved, less gently this time, and the boots were returned to their proper place on my feet. With a great sigh of relief, seeing the end of her struggle with me, she asked, “Now，where are your gloves？”

I looked into her eyes and said，“ I didn’ t want to lose them, so I put them into the toes of my boots.”

[语篇解读] 本文通过为小作者穿靴子的故事，描写了老师的善解人意和小女孩的顽皮。

1．According to the passage, the little girl got________from her brother. A. the wool snow pants and the jacket B. the jacket and the boots C. the jacket and the hat D. the boots and the gloves

[解析] 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的“...my jacket because it didn’t fit well.It was a hand

medown from my brother...”与第四段

中的“These aren’t my boots...They are my brother’s boots.My mother makes me wear them”可知作者穿的是她哥哥的夹克与靴子。 [答案] B

2．What made it so hard for the teacher to help the little girl put her boots on?

A. The gloves in the toes of the boots.

B. The slowness of the teacher.

C. The wrong size of the boots. D. The unwillingness of the girl.

[解析] 考查细节理解。根据文章的最后一段的“I didn’t want to lose them，so I put them into the toes of my boots”可知让帮助穿鞋的老师费

了那么多耐心与力气的是藏在鞋子里的手套。 [答案] A

3．It can be inferred that before the little girl finally went out to enjoy the first snow of winter, the teacher had to help her put on her boots________.

A. once B. twice C. three times D. four times

[解析] 考查推理判断。从文章第三段与第四段可知老师要帮小作者穿四次鞋：第一次是穿错了脚，第二次是脱下来重新穿上，第三次是作者说了“The aren’t my boots”之后，她又把鞋脱下来，当听说是作者的妈妈非让作者穿哥哥的鞋后，又把它们给作者穿上，第四次是听说手套被放在鞋子里了，就又

脱下来重新穿了一次(文中没有点明，但可推出)。 [答案] D

4．Which of the following sentences from the text BEST indicates that

the teacher is very considerate? A. In her calm, motherly voice she said，“ By the end of winter....”( Paragraph 2)

B. With the grace that only experience can bring, she struggled to... (Paragraph 4)

C. ...she still managed to look both helpful and interested. ( Paragraph 4 )

D. ...she managed to act as though I wasn’t an annoying little girl. ( Paragraph 4 )

[解析] 考查细节理解。经过多年的磨砺，老师每次给她穿鞋都是那么有耐心，好像一点也不把小女孩的顽皮放在心上，这足以说明老师很体贴人。 [答案] D D

An increase in students applying to study economics at university is being attributed to (归因于) the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about how the financial system works.

Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January, according to UCAS, the Universities and Colleges Admissions

Service. A spokesman for the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A

level were also up.

Professor John Beath, the president of the society and a leading lecturer at St Andrews University, said his firstyear lectures — which are open to students from all departments — were drawing crowds of 400, rather than the usual 250.

“There are a large number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about it.One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary events in a way that one

hash’ t traditionally done，” he added. University applications rose 7% last year, but there were rises above

average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15% jump, with people’s renewed interest in careers in the public sector(部门), which are seen

as more secure in economic crisis. A recent study showed almost two thirds of parents believed schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on, although a minority of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain.

Zack Hocking, the head of Child Trust Funds, said: “It’s possible that

one good thing to arise from the downturn will be a generation that’ s financially wiser and better equipped to manage their money through

times of economic uncertainty. ” [语篇解读] 本文主要讲述了下学生们开始更多地选择与经济有关的专业这一

现象。

5．Professor John Beath’ s lectures are________. A. given in a traditional way B. connected with the present situation

C. open to both students and their parents

D. warmly received by economists

[解析] 事实细节题。从第四段第二句话可知他把教学与当前的一些重大事件紧密相连，即贴近现实生活，故B(与当前的形势相联系)为正确答案。 [答案] B

6．Careers in the public sector are more attractive because of their________.

A. greater stability B. higher pay

C. fewer applications D. better reputation

[解析] 事实细节题。从第五段最后可知在当前下这些公共部门的工作以其安全性和稳定性吸引了求职者，故A(极大的稳定性)为正确答案。 [答案] A

7．In the opinion of most parents，________.

A. economics should be the focus of school teaching B. more students should be admitted to universities

C. the teaching of financial matters should be strengthened D. children should solve financial problems themselves

[解析] 事实细节题。由倒数第二段的内容可知应该“加强关于经济问题方面的教学”，答案为C。 [答案] C

8．According to Hocking, the global economic crisis might make the youngsters ________.

A. wiser in money management

B. have access to better equipment C. confident about their future careers D. get jobs in Child Trust Funds

[解析] 推理判断题。Hocking认为经济下滑带来的一个好处就是让年轻人学会了更明智地处理金钱方面的问题，在经济不稳定时期更好地理财。所以答案为A。 [答案] A

9．What’ s the main idea of the text?

A. Universities have received more applications.

B. Economics is attracting an increasing number of students. C. College students benefit a lot from economic uncertainty. D. Parents are concerned with children’ s subject selecttion. [解析] 主旨大意题。第一段提到全球性的使公众想更多地了解有关经济体系方面的一些问题，所以更多的学生申请经济学专业，本文正是对此展开的论述，故答案为B。 [答案] B