1．terrify 使害怕、使恐惧 2. chew 咀嚼
3．afford 买得起 4. cause 造成、引起 5. chat 聊天 6. patient 有耐心的、忍耐的
7. decision 决定、决心 8. necessary 必须的、必要的
9. waste 浪费、滥用 10. used to 过去常常 11. be interested in 对......感兴趣 12. be afraid（terrified）of 害怕、恐怕
13. on the swim team 在游泳队 14. with the bedroom light on 开着卧室的灯
15. give up 放弃 16. go to sleep 入睡 17. get into trouble with 给某人找麻烦 18. make a decision 下决心 19. to one’s surprise 令人惊奇的是 20. take pride in 引以为自豪 21. pay attention to 注意 22. no longer 不再 课文语法讲解
1.used to的用法 : 否定形式：usedn’t to do didn’t use to do
反意疑问句：usedn’t / didn’t
回答：Yes, I used to/ Yes, I did. No, I usedn’t
adj: useful / useless adv: usefully/ uselessly a used car= a second-hand car
“used to加不定式”表示过去常常干某事，现在不在干了。 be used to doing表示习惯于干某事。
be used to do 被用来做… use…to do…用…来做… be/get used to doing 习惯于做
2.be afraid to与be afraid of的用法区别英语语法
be afraid of doing 担心出现doing的状况、结果。 doing 是客观上造成的，意为“生怕，恐怕”。
3. .be interested in ；interest中考英语重点单词
1） interest作名词。
①意为“兴趣”时,常作不可数名词。常见短语show / have interest in (doing) sth.,意为“对……表现出 / 有兴趣”。如: She showed great interest in the meeting. 她对这次会议表现出极大的兴趣。
②意为“业余爱好”或“感兴趣的事”时,常作可数名词。如: He has two great interests. One is sports and the other is music. 他有两大爱好:一个是体育,另一个是音乐。
2）. interested是形容词,常用结构be interested in (doing) sth.意为“对(做)……
感兴趣”,主语是人。如:
John is interested in history. 约翰喜欢历史。 He is interested in drawing pictures. 他对画画感兴趣。
3）. interesting也是形容词,意为“令人感兴趣的”,既可以作表语,也可以作定语。
4. terrify vt. 使害怕；使恐惧
terrify sb terrifying 可怕的
sb be terrified of= be very afraid of be terrified that
5. go to sleep 入睡
go to sleep 入睡=get to sleep =fall asleep go to bed 上床睡觉 be asleep 睡着了
a sleeping bag睡袋; sleeping pills安眠药; a sleeping car卧铺火车
6. chat聊天，先谈chatted- chatted Chat with/to sb about sth Chatting room聊天室 gossip 八卦
短语die of 死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷等内部因素die from 死于（车祸等外部因素） 9. afford=have enough time/money to do sth 买得起，负担得 起常于can ,could ,be able to连用
10. patient n. 病人
adj. 有耐心的<==>没有耐心的impatient
n. patience<==>impatience do sth with patience = do sth patiently
be patient with sb/ at sth eg: I’m always patient with my little dog. 11. in the end = at last= finally 最后<==> in the beginning
at the end of 在…的末尾，在…末端（时间，空间）<==> at the beginning of by the end of 在...＋时间段 用于过去完成时 / 将来完成时 12. decision n.决定，决心 cn
make a decision to do = decide to do = make up one’s mind to do 13. necessary
eg: It is necessary for sb to do sth=
sb needs to do sth= there is need for sb to do sth.
sb find/think/suppose it (is) necessary to do sth.
It’s necessary for us to know what we want to be in the future. 14. even though (1) = even if 即使， 纵然, (2) = although/ though 虽然
I can still remember, even though it was so long ago.虽然这是很久以前的事情，我还是记得。
15. no longer 不再已不，
No more与瞬时动词连用，表程度不再增加，次数不再重复，
no longer与延续性动词或表示状态的词连用，表示时间上的“不再”持续，(过去曾经......，现在不......)。
The baby no more cried=The boy didn't cried any more.(表哭的程度不再增加) He no longer works/lives here.＝He doesn't live\\work here any longer.(表示过去在这里工作\\住,现在不在这里工作\\住).{ no more还可表数量上\" 和...... 一样不......\"常和than 连用，no longer 不行。
A whale is no more a fish than an elephant.(a whale ,a elephaht都不是鱼） It's no more than a kilometre to the school. )}
16. take pride in A take/show/feel pride in B = A be proud of B = B be the pride of A do sth proudly = do sth with pride 17. .attention
vi. attend to do sth. = pay (one’s) attention to sth/ doing （to是介词）专心于（做）……
to作介词的短语有：be used to doing
prefer doing to doing look forward to doing get down to doing
make a contribution to doing
18.give up 放弃，认输 give up sth.
give it/ them up
give up sth/doing = stop doing= drop doing
Even though they were very tired, they didn’t give up discussing the question. 19 waste vt. waste sth(time/ money) on sb/ sth waste time (in) doing sth
n. a waste of 对于……的浪费
课文知识点
1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
否定形式： didn’t use to do sth. / used not to do sth.
如：He used to play football after school. 放学后他过去常常踢足球。 Did he use to play football? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. He didn’t use to smoke. 他过去不吸烟。 2. 反意疑问句
①肯定陈述句＋否定提问 如：Lily is a student, isn’t she? Lily will go to China, won’t she? ②否定陈述句＋肯定提问 如： She doesn’t come from China, does she? You haven’t finished homework, have you?
③提问部分用代词而不用名词 Lily is a student, isn’t she?
④陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。 如：
He knows little English, does he? 他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？ They hardly understood it, did they?他们几乎不明白，不是吗？ 3. play the piano 弹钢琴
4. ①be interested in sth. 对…感兴趣 ②be interested in doing sth. 对做…感兴趣
如：He is interested in math, but he isn’t interested in speaking English. 他对数学感兴趣，但是他对说英语不感兴趣。
5. interested adj. 感兴趣的，指人对某事物感兴趣，往往主语是人 interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主语往往是物 6. still 仍然，还
用在be 动词的后面 如：I’m still a student. 用在行为动词的前面 如：I still love him. 7. the dark 天黑，晚上，黑暗
8. 害怕… be terrified of sth. 如：I am terrified of the dog.
be terrified of doing sth. 如：I am terrified of speaking. 9. on 副词，表示（电灯、电视、机械等）在运转中/打开， 其反义词off. with the light on 灯开着
10. walk to somewhere 步行到某处 walk to school 步行到学校 110. spend 动词，表示“花费金钱、时间”
①spend…on sth. 在某事上花费（金钱、时间）
②spend…doing sth. 花费（金钱、时间）去做某事 如： He spends too much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着 He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥。 Pay for 花费
如：I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了10元买这本书。 12. take 动词 有“花费”的意思 常用的结构有： take sb.
… to do sth. 如：It takes me a day to read the book.
take … to do sth.
13. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊 如：I like to chat with him. 我喜欢和他聊天。 14. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/某事 worry 是动词
be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事 worried 是形容词 如：Don’t worry about him. 不用担心他。
Mother is worried about her son. 妈妈担心他的儿子。 15. all the time 一直、始终
16. take sb. to + 地方 送/带某人去某个地方 如：
A person took him to the hospital. 一个人把他送到了医院。 Lui took me home. 刘把我送回了家。(home 的前面不能用to) 17. hardly adv. 几乎不、没有 hardly ever 很少
hardly 修饰动词时，通常放在助动词、情态动词之后，实义 动词之前 助动词/情态动词＋hardly hardly + 实义动词 如：
I can hardly understand them. 我几乎不能够明白他们。 I hardly have time to do it. 我几乎没有时间去做了。 18. miss v. 思念、想念、 错过
19. in the last few years. 在过去的几年内 常与完成时连用 如： I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住。 20. be different from 与…不同 21. how to swim 怎样游泳
不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问句连用，构成不定工短语。如：
The question is when to start. 问题是什么时候开始。 I don’t know where to go. 我不知道去哪。 22. make sb./ sth. + 形容词 make you happy make sb./ sth. + 动词原形 make him laugh
23. move to +地方 搬到某地 如：I moved to Beijing last year. 24. it seems that +从句 看起来好像…… 如：
It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他好像变了许多。 25. help sb. with sth. 帮某人某事 help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮某人做某事
She helped me with English. 她帮助我学英语。 She helped me (to) study English。 她帮助我学习英语。 26. fifteen-year-old 作形容词 15岁的 fifteen-year-olds 作名词指15岁的人 fifteen years old 指年龄 15岁 如： a fifteen-year-old boy 一个15岁的男孩
Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15岁的人喜欢唱歌。 I am fifteen years old . 我是15岁。
27.支付不起… can’t /couldn’t afford to do sth. can’t / couldn’t afford sth.
28. as + 形容词./副词＋as sb. could/can 尽某人的…能力 如： Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她尽她最快的能力去跑。 29. get into trouble with 遇到麻烦 30. in the end 最后
31. make a decision 下决定 下决心 32. to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶 如：
to their surprise 令他们惊讶 to LiLei’s surprise令李雷惊讶 33. take pride in sth. 以…而自豪 如：
His father always take pride in him. 他的爸爸总是以他而自豪 34. pay attention to sth. 对…注意，留心 如：
You must pay attention to your friend. 你应该多注意你的朋友。 35. be able to do sth. 能做某事 如： She is able to do it. 她能够做到。 36. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 如：
My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。 37.不再 ①no more == no longer 如：
I play tennis no more/ longer.我不再打网球。 ②not …any more == not …any longer 如：
I don’t play tennis any more/longer. 我不再打网球。 38. go to sleep 入睡
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