高级英语2全部习题.doc

Paraphrase

1) We are elevated 23 feet. (Para 3)

Wer re 23 feet above sea level.

2) The place has been there since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it. (Para3)

The house has been safe since 1915, and no hurricane has ever caused cmy damage to it.

3) We can batten do呵 and ride it out. (Para 4)

We can g刃 ourselves ready and the hurricane.

4) The generator was doused^ and the lights out. (Para 9)

The generator was put “ out bythe wafer and the lights ⑷刃花 exfingidshed.

5) . Everybody out the back door to the cars! (Para 10)

Everybody go out through the back door and goes into the cars. 6) . The electrical systems had been killed by water (Para 11)

The electrical systems had been extinguished by water

7) ・ John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilte(Paral7)

John watched the water wash against the steps, as a result, he felt a strong s勿血 of guilt.

8) ・ Get us throuzh this mess, will you?(Para 17)

Oh God, please help us 加加庇 the hurricane.

9) . She carried o” alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away. (Para21)

Grandmother sang a few words alone and then her singing faded away.

10) . Ianis had just one delayed reaction. (para34)

Janis showed rather late the psychological damage from the huyriccine•

Explain words

1 • since the water mains might be damaged (Para 5):

main pipes

2. sit out the storm with the Koshaks (Para 6):

wait until the storm is over

3. another neighbor came by on his way inland (Para 6): (A English) pay a visit

4. the French doors in an upstairs room blew in (Para 8): burst open

5. the generator was doused (Para 9):

put out

6. The electrical systems had been killed by water (Para 11)：

doused, put out and extinguished

7. It devastated everything in it swath (Para 19)：

sweep / track

8. She carried on a few bars (Para21 )：

a measure in music

9. make it

—to against the wind (Para 25): shed

10. and he pitched in with Secibees in the worst volunteer work of all (Para33)：

short for Construction Battalion

Lesson 2 Marrakech

Paraphrase

L The burying—ground is 〃\"牝Zy a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict builctinplot. (para 2)

The burying-ground is just a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth, looking like a deserted consZc[i(m kind.

2. All colonial empires are in resdity founded upon that fact. (Para 3)

All colonial empires are built by exploiting the local people.

3. They rise out of the earthy they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard. (Para 3)

They are born. Then they work hard without enough food for a few years. Finally They diw and are buried in the hills g厂auey without any mark to identify them.

4. A carpenter sits crossle乂父fd at a prehistoric lathe, tumin乂 chair-legs at 哝 speed. (Para 9)

A carpenter sits crossing his legs at an old-fashicmed lathe, maldng round chair-legs very fast.

5. Instantly^ from the dark hoi的 all rounds there was a fregied rush of Jews. (Para 10)

hnmediafely、Jews rushed out of their dark hole-like rooms nearby in a frenzy madness.

6>every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more a less impossible luxuryXpara 10)

Every one of these Jews considers the cigarette as a somewhat piece of luxury which they ccm not possibly afford.

7. Still, a white skin is always /h/rZy conspicuous. (Para 16)

HOWEW 匚 a white-skirmed European is easy to notice in a fair way.

8. In a tropical landscape one's 咖 takes in everything except the human beiny. (para

16)

Against the backgrotmd of a tropical landscape, people could notice everything but they cannot see local people.

9. No one would think of ninning cheap trips to the Distressed Awas.(Para 17)

No one would proDosw the cheap trips to the slums.

10. •••for nine-tenths of the people the wality of life is an endless^ back-breakbig stm驭le to HT加$ a little food out o f an eroded soil. (Paral7)

The real life of nine-tenths of the people is that there is end to their extremwly hard work in order to get a little food from an eroded soil. IL She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden. (Para 19)

She took il伽 gramed thal as an old woman she should work like an cmimal•

12. People with brown skins are next door to invisible. (Para 12 )

People w/20 haw brown skins are almost invisible. ]3・ Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach・me・down khaki uniforms… (Para23)

built bodies > 14. How long before they turn their guns in the other direction?(Para 25)

How long will it take for them to attack us? 15. Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind. (Para 26)

It is certain that every white man realized this.

Explain words

1. wailing a short chaM over and over again. (Para2) words repeated in a monotonous tone of voice

2. an Arab working on the path nearby (Para 6)

unskilled laborer

3. he stowed it gratefully (para 7)

stored

4. his left leg is warped out of shape ( para 9) curved, or twisted, distored

5. as the Jews live in a self-contained community ( para 11) self—sufficient

6. the plough is a wwtchfd wooden thing(para 18)

poor in quality

7. all of them are mummified w让h age and the sun(para 19)

thin and withered like a mummy

8. Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach・me・down khaki uniforms.(para 23)

second一hand or ready一made

9. so had the officers on their sweating cfearger(para 26)：

a horse ridden in battle or on parade

Lesson Three Pub Talk and the King\" s English

1 . And conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings . (Animals and birds are not capable of conversation ・)

2 . Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our idea or point of view ・ .

3 . In fact a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation

will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of view .

4 . People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not intimate friends for they are not deeply absorbed or engrossed in each other' s lives .

5 . The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong ・

6 . These animals are called cattle when they are alive and feeding in the fields ; but when we sit down at the table to eat. we call their meat beef .

7 . The new ruling class by using French in stead of English made it difficult for the English to accept or absorb the culture of the、rulers .

8 . The English Ianguage received proper recognition and was used by the King once more ・

9 . The phrase , the King' s English , has always been used disrespectfully and jokingly by the lower classes . The working people very often make fun of the proper and formal Ianguage of the educated people .

10 . There still exists in the working people , as in the early Sax on peasants , a spirit of opposition to the cultural authority of the ruling class .

11 . There is always a great dan ger that we might forget that words are only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to represent .For example zthe word \"dog\" is a symbol representing a kind of animal ・ We mustn' t regard the word \"dog\" as being the animal itself ・

12 . Even the most educated and literate people do not use standard , formal English all the time in their conversation .

VI-

1. on the rocks : metaphor, comparing a marriage to a ship wrecked on the rocks

2 . get out of bed on the wrong side : be in a bad temper for the day (The meaning is perhaps derived from the expression \"You got out of bed the wrong way\" . It was an ancient superstition that it was unlucky to set the left foot on the ground first on getting out of bed .)

3 . on wings : metaphor, comparing conversation to a bird flying and soaring . It means the conversation soon became spirited and exciting .

4 . turn up one' s nose at: scorn ; show scorn for

5 . into the shoes : metaphor(or more appropriately an idiomatic expression) , think as if one were wearing the shoes of the Saxon peasant, i ・ e ・ as if one were a Saxon peasant

6 come into one7 s own : receive what properly belongs to one ,

especially acclaim or recognition65

7 . sit up at : (colloquial)become suddenly alert and take notice of

Less on Four In augural Address

IV. 1. Our ancestors fought a revolutionary war to maintain that all men were created equal and God had given them certain unalienable rights which no state or ruler could take away from them. But today this issue has not yet been decided in many countries around the world・

2. This much we promise to do and we promise to do more.

3. United and working together we can accomplish a lot of things in a great number of joint un dertaki ngs.

4. We will not allow any enemy country to subvert this peaceful revolution which brings hope of progress to all our countries.

5. The United Nations is our last and best hope of survival in an age where the instruments of war have far surpassed the instruments of peace. 6. We pledge to help the United Nations enlarge the area in which its authority and man date would continue to be in effect or in force.

7. before the terrible forces of destruction, which scienee can now release, overwhelm mankind; before this self-destruction, which may be planned or brought about by an accident, takes place

8. Yet both groups of nations are trying to change as quickly as possible this uncertain balanee of terrible military power which restrains each group

from launching mankind's final war.

9. So let us start once again (to discuss and negotiate)and let us remember that being polite is not a sign of weakness. 10. Let both sides try to call forth the wonderful things that scienee can do for mankind in stead of the frightful things it can do.

11. America ns of every gen eration have been called upon to prove their loyalty to their country (by fighting and dying for their country's cause).

12. Let history finally judge whether we have done our task welt or not, but our sure reward will be a good con-scienee for we will have worked sincerely and to the best of our ability. VLl.prescribe, set down or impose

2. mortal: of man (as a being who must eventually die) 3. at issue, in dispite; still to be decided

4. disciplined, received training that developed self-control and character

5. committed, bound by promise, pledged 6. undoing : abolishing

7. at odds: .in disagreement ; quarreling split asunder : split apart ; disun ited

8. iron: cruel; merciless 9. bound s: chai ns; fetters

10. invective: a violent verbal attack; strong criticism, insuits, curses, etc.

11. writ : (archaic) a formal written document ; specifically, a legal instrument in letter form issued under seal in the name of the English monarch from Anglo—Saxon times to declare its grants , wishes and commands(Here it refers to the United Nations Charter. ) run : continue in effect or force

12 . stays : restrains

13 . tap : draw upon or make use of 14 . bear: take on ; sustain Lesson5 Love is a Fallacy

VI. 1. discipline :a branch of knowledge or learning

2. dyn amo: an earlier form for generator, a machi ne that con verts mechanical energy into electrical energy 3. flight:fleeing or running away from

4. Chariest on: a lively dance in 4/4 time, characterized by a twisting step and popular during the 1920's 5. shed: cast off or lose hair

6 . in the swim : conforming to the current fashionso or active in the main current of affairs

7?practice : the exercise of a profession of occupation

8?pin—up : (American colloquialism)designating a girl whose sexual attractiveness makes her a subject for the kind of pictures often pinned up

on walls

9?makings : the material or qualities needed for the making or development of something ・

10?carriage : manner of carrying the head and body : physical posture beari ng : way of carrying on eself : manner

11 . go steady : (America n colloquialism)date some one of the opposite sex regularly and exclusively : be sweethearts 1 2 . deposit: (facetious)put, lay or set down

I 3 . brief : a concise statement of the main points of a law caseo usually filed by counsei for the information of the court 14 . let—up : stopping ; relaxing

Less on Six Disappear! ng Through the Skylight

IV. 1. Scienee is engaged in the task of making its basic concepts understood and accepted by scientists all over the world.

2. The car model, called Fiesta, seems to have disappeared completely. 3. The idea of a world car is similar to the idea of having a world style for architecture. /As architecture was moving toward a comm on International Style, it was natural for the automobile to do the same.

4. Things that are happening in auto making are similar to those happening in architecture.

5. The moder n man no Ion ger has very disti nt individual traits shaped by a special environment and culture ・

6 . The disadvantage of being a cosmopolitan is that he loses a home in the old sense of the world .

7 . The benefit of being a cosmopolitan is that he begins to think the old kind of home probably restricts his development and activities .

8 .The compelli ng force of tech no logy to un iversalize cannot be resisted . 9 . When every artist thought it was his duty to show his con tempt for and objection to the Eiffel Tower which they considered an irreverent architectural structure .

10 . a flexible and pliable quality that was beyond human powers and absolutely new

11 . People used to firmly believe that the things they saw around them were real solid substances but this has now been thrown into doubt by scie nee,

12 . That, perhaps, shows how far logically modern aesthetic can go . / The solid banks can become almost abstract and in visible ・ / This is perhaps the furthest limit of how solid objective things may be disappearing . VII . 1 . homogeneous : the same in structure , quality z etc . ; similar or idem tical

2 . diversity : different; variety

3 . economics : things related to the economy(of automobile manufacturing , such as production costs , consumer appeal , sale price , etc .)

4 . asset : a valuable or desirable thing

5 . suspect : think it probable or likely ; guess ; suppose 6 . barring : unless there should be ; excepting

7 . blasphemy : any remark or action or thing held to be irreverent or disrespectful

8 . propositi on : a pers on , problem , un dertaking , etc ・,being or to be dealt with

9 . extra : outside the scope or region of; beyond I 0 . order: category z class

II . artifact : a product(as a structure on a microscope slide)of artificial character due to extraneous(as human)agency

12 . circuits : an in teg rated circuit, a tiny complex of electronic components and their intereonnections produced on a single small silicon chip silicon : a silicon chip , a small slice of silicon on which an in teg rated circuit is etched . 1 3 .truss :a rigid framework of beams , struts bars ,etc ・ zfor supporting a roof geodesic dome : a dome made of light straight structural elements mostly in tension

Lesson Seven Libido for the Ugly IV.

1. As a boy and later when I was a grown-up man, I had of- ten travelled through the region.

2. But somehow in the past I never really perceived how shocking and wretched this whole region was.

3. This dreadful scene makes all human endeavors to advanee and improve their lot appear as a ghastly, saddening joke.

4. The country itself is pleasant to look at, despite the sooty dirt spread by the innumerable mills in this region.

5. The model they followed in building their houses was a brick standing upright. / All the houses they built looked like bricks standing upright. 6. These brick-like houses were made of shabby, thin wooden boards and their roofs were narrow and had little slope.

7. When the brick is covered with the black soot of the mills it takes on the color of a rotten egg.

8. Red brick, even in a steel town, looks quite respectable with the passing of time・ / Even in a steel town, old red bricks still appear pleasing to the eye.

9.1 have given Westmoreland the highest award for ugliness after having done a lot of hard work and research and after continuous praying. 10. They show such fantastic and bizarre ugliness that, in looking back, they become almost fiendish and wicked./ When one looks back at these houses whose ugliness is so fantastic and bizarre, one feels they must be the work of the devil himself.

11. It is hard to believe that people built such horrible houses just because

they did not know what beautiful houses were like.

12. People in certain strata of American society seem definite・ ly to hunger after ugly things; while in other less Chris- tian strata, people seem to long for things beautiful.

13. These ugly desig ns, in some way that people cannot un・ dersta nd, satisfy the hidde n and unin telligible dema nds of this type of mind. 14. They put a penthouse on top of it, painted in a bright, conspicuous yellow color and thought it looked perfect but they only man aged to make it absolutely intolerable.

15. From the intermingling of different nationalities and races in the United States emerges the American race which hates beauty as strongly as it hates truth .

VI .

1 . express : a fast, direct traino Making few stops 2 . roll : travel in a wheeled vehicle(here an express train) 3 . revolting : disgusting 4」ine : railway line

5 .yard :a railway center where trains are made up ,serviced , switched from track to tracko etc .

6 . streak : mark with streaks(a line or long , thin mark) 7 . sightly : pleasant to the sight

8 ・ pullman : a railroad car with private compartments or seats that can be made up into berths for sleeping .It is so—called after the U.S. inventor, Georgeo M . Pullman(1831— 1刀. 9 . save : excepto but

10 . yield : surrender, give into border upon : be like , almost be 11 . pull : drawing force . appeal

12 .1 eveI : position。elevation ,or rankconsidered as one of the planes in a scale of values

13 . put down(to) : attribute(to)

14 .impossible : no t capable of bei ng en du red ,usedo agreed to zetc ., because of being disagreeable or unsuitable : hard to tolerate

Lesson 9 The Ones Who Walk Away from Ornelas IV.

1. The loud ringing of the bells, which sent the frightened swallows flying high, marked the beginning of the Festival of Summer in Omelas.

2. The shouting of the children could be heard clearly above the music and singing like the calls of the swallows flying by overhead.

3. The riders were putting the horses through some exercises because the horses were eager to start and stubbornly resisting the control of the riders.

4. After reading the above description the reader is likely to assume certain things.

5. The citizens of Omelas were not simple people, not kind and gentle shepherds, not savages of high birth, nor mild idealists dreaming of a perfect society.

6. An artist betrays his trust when he does not admit that evil is nothing fresh nor novel and pain is very dull and uninteresting.

7. They were fully developed and intelligent grown・up people full of in tense feeli ngs and they were not miserable people. 8. Perhaps it would be best if the reader pictures Ornelas to himself as his imagination tells him, assuming his imagination will be equal to the task.

9. The faint but compelli ng sweet see nt of the drug drooz may fill the streets of the city.

10. Perhaps the child was men tally retarded because it was born so or perhaps it has become very foolish and stupid because of fear, poor nourishment and neglect.

11. The habits of the child are so crude and uncultured that it will show no sign of improvement even if it is treated kindly and tenderly.

12. They shed tears when they see how terribly unjust they have been to the child, but these tears dry up when they realize how just and fair though terrible reality was.

VI.

1. rigging, lines and chains used aboard a ship especially in working sail and support!ng masts and spars・

2. shimmering. shining with a soft tremulous light; glimmer-mg 3. flight:risi ng, sett I i ng or flying in a flock

4. wound=make (one's way) in a winding or twisting course 5. restive .stubbornly resisting control

6. litter:a covered and curtained couch provided with shafts and used for carrying a single passenger

7. singularly.exceptionally; unusually

8. areana. (plural of arcanum) secret or mysterious knowledge known only to the initiate

9. modest = moderate or reasonable; not extreme 10. head.the highest or uppermost part of a thing 11. mere ~ nothing more or other than ; only

12. nobility, (the) state of being grand and impressive poignancy, (the) character of being emoti on ally touchi ng or moving profundity,intellectual depth

Lesson 10 The Sad Young Men

IV.

l. At the very mention of this post-war period, middle-aged people begin

to think about it Iongingly.

2.1n any case, an American could not avoid casting aside its middle-class respectability and affected refinement.

3.The war only helped to speed up the breakdown of the Victorian social structure.

4.1n America at least, the young people were strongly inclined to shirk their responsibilities. They pretended to be worldly-wise, drinking and behaving naughtily.

5.The young people found greater pleasure in their drinking because Prohibition, by making drinking unlawful added a sense of adventure.

6.0ur you ng men joined the armies of foreig n cou ntries to fight in the war.

7. The young people wanted to take part in the glorious ad・venture before the whole war ended.

8. These young people could no Ion ger adapt themselves to lives in their home tow ns or their families ・

9. The returning veteran also had to face Prohibition which the lawmakers hypocritically assumed would do good to the people. 10. (Under all this force and pressure) something in the youth of America, who were already very tense, had to break down.

11. It was only natural that hopeful young Writers whose minds and writings were filled with viole nt an ger agai nst war; Babbitry, and

\"Puritanical\" gentility, should come in great numbers to live in Greenwich Village, the traditional artistic centre.

12. Each town was proud that it had a group of wild, reckless people, who lived unconvention al lives. VI.

1. flapper: (Americanism) (in the 1920s) a young woman considered bold and unconventional in action and dress

2. provincial: narrow, limited like that of rural provinces 3. code: any set of prin ciples or rules of con duct; a moral code

4. Prohibition: the forbidding by law of the manufacture, transportation, and sale of alcoholic liquors for beverage purposes- spec讦ically in the U. S.z the period (1920-1933) of prohibit!on by Federal law

5. agent : an active force or substanee producing an effect, e.g. , a chemical age nt

6. orgy: any wild, riotous, licentious merrymaking; debauchery

7. Greenwich Village : section of New York City, on the lower west side of Manhattan: noted as a center for artists, writers, etc.

8. draft: the choosi ng or taki ng of an in dividual or in dividuals from a group for some special purpose, especially for compulsory military service

9. distinction: the quality that makes one seem superior or worthy of special recognition

10. action: military combat in general

11. whip up: rouse; excite

12. give: bend, sink, move, break down, yield, etc. from force or pressure 13 . burden : repeated , central idea ; theme

14 .keep up with the Joneses :strive to get all the material things one7 s neighbors or associates have

15 . write off : drop from consideration