2011年12月四级真题及答案详解

Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes) 注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上．

Directions: You're allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, \"Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I've done it hundreds of time.\"You'd write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Outlines:

1. 坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。 2.意志坚定的人才能完成伟大的使命

3.学生也是这样，不刻苦学习，终究不会成为有用之才

Part Ⅱ(15 minutes)

Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7 choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentence with the information given in the passage.

Why Integrity Matters

What Is Integrity?

The key to integrity is consistency- not only setting high personal standards for oneself

(honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each and every day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical (道德上的) standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.

What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse (缺失) of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus integrity must be one of our most important goals. Risky Business

We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision, making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.

Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules a about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is \"unintentional\" does not excuse the misconduct, Ignorance is not a defense. \"But Everybody Does It\"

Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: \"Everyone else does it.\" \"I'm not hurting anyone\or \"I really need this grade.\" Excuses can get very elaborate: \"I know I'm look at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I’m just checking my answers, not copying.\" We must be honest about our actions and avoid excuses, if we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making - and that leads to bad decisions.

To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if

your actions were public and anyone could be watching over yore shoulder. If you'd rather hide your actions, that's an indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself. Evaluating Risks

To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immolate benefits and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious and may include a \"O\" on a test or assignment, an \"F\" in the class, suspension (暂令停学) or dismissal from school and a ruined reputation. In fact, when you break a role or law, you lose control over your life and give others the power to impose punishment that you have no control over. This is an extremely vulnerable (脆弱的) position. There may be some matters of life and death or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category. Getting Away with it - Or Not

Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, which deprives (剥夺) him her of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and

independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-respect and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty and afraid of getting caught.

Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems \"easier.\" This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences. Cheating Hurts Other, Too

Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions \"don't count\" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have an intense cumulative (累积的) effect. Cheating can spread like a disease. Recent statistics suggest 30％ or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating \"poisons\" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. (\"If I don't cheat I can't compete with those who do\") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of goof teaching is seeing students learn. But a cheater says. \"I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach, all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others.\" The end result is a destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the university and harm those who worked hard for their degree. Why Integrity Marten

If cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others, if not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.

In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.

1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______. A) sticks to them in their daily life B) makes them known to others C) understands their true values D) sees that others also follow them

2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships? A) It helps to create team spirit B) It facilitates communication C) It is the basis of mutual trust D) It inspires mutual respect

3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take？ A. To ensure we make responsible choices. B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress. C. so that we don’t break any rules. D. so that we don’t run into trouble.

4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _______? A. it has caused no harm.

B. it is claimed to be unintentional. C. it has gone unnoticed.

D. it is committed with good intentions.

5. What should one do if he doesn’t wish to fool himself? A. Avoid making excuses.

B. Listen to other people’s advice. C. Make his intensions public.

D. Have others watch over his shoulder.

6. Those who take risks they regret later on _______. A. will often become more cautious B. are usually very aggressive C. value immediate benefits most. D. may lose everything in the end

7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn’t get caught right away will _______. A) pay more dearly

B) become more confident C) be widely admired D) feel somewhat lucky

8. Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how to stealing a grade. 9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people’s honesty and good faith.

10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of the Watergate scandal.

PartⅢ Listening Comprehension Section A

Short Conversations

11. A) Read the notice on the window. B) Go and ask the staff. C) Get a new bus schedule. D) Board the bus to Cleveland.

12. A) He was looking forward to seeing the giraffes. B) He enjoyed watching the animal performance. C) He got home too late to see the TV special. D) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program. 13. A) She wants to take the most direct way.

B) She may be late for the football game. C) She is worried about missing her flight. D) She is currently caught in a traffic jam. 14. A) At a restaurant.

B) In a fish shop.

C) At a clinic.

D) On a fishing boat.

15. A) He is an experienced sales manager.

B) He is being interviewed for a job. C) He is a close friend of the woman.

D) He is good at answering tricky questions. 16. A) The man should consider his privacy first.

B) The man will choose a low-rent apartment.

C) The man is not certain if he can find a quieter place. D) The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory. 17. A) The woman is going to make her topic more focused. B) The man and woman are working on a joint project. C) One should choose a broad topic for a research paper. D) It took a lot of time to get the man on the right track.. 18. A) They went camping this time last year.

B) They didn’t quite enjoy their last picnic.

C) They learned to cooperate under harsh conditions. D) They weren’t experienced in organizing picnics. Long Conversation One

19. A）He likes Sweden better than England.

B）He prefers hot weather to cold weather. C）He is an English living in Sweden. D）He visits London nearly every winter. 20. A）The bad weather. B）The cold houses.

C）The gloomy winter. D）The long night. 21. A）Delightful. B）Painful.

C）Depressing. D）Refreshing. 22. A）They often stay up late reading.

B) They work hard and play hard.

C) They like to go camping in summer. D) They try to earn more and spend more. Long Conversation Two 23. A）Management.

B）French.

C）English literature. D）Public Administration. 24. A）English teaching.

B）Staff training. C）Careers guidance.

D）Psychological counseling. 25. A）Its pleasant environment.

B）Its worldwide fame. C）Its generous scholarship. D）Its well-designed courses. Section B Passage One

26. A) Characteristics of Japanese artists.

B) Some features of Japanese culture. C) The art of Japanese brush painting. D) The uniqueness of Japanese art. 27. A) To calm themselves down.

B) To enhance concentration.

C) To show their impatience. D) To signal their lack of interest.

28. A) How listeners in different cultures show respect. B) How speakers can win approval from the audience. C) How speakers can misunderstand the audience. D) How different Western and Eastern art forms are. Passage Two

29.A) Directing personnel evaluation. B) Buying and maintain equipment.

C) Drawing up plans for in-service training. D) Interviewing and recruiting employees.

30. A) Some of his equipment was damaged in a fire.

B) The training program he ran was failure. C) Two of his workers were injured at work. D) Two of his employees committed theft. 31. A) A better relationship with his boss.

B) Advancement to a higher position

C) A better-paying job in another company D) Improvement in the company’s management 32.A) She has more self-confidence than Chris. B) She works with Chris in the same division.

C) She has more management experience than Chris. D) She is competing with Chris for the new job. Passage Three

33. A) They help us see the important values of a culture.

B) They guide us in handling human relationships. C) They help us express ourselves more effectively. D) They are an infinite source of human knowledge. 34. A) Their wordings may become different.

B) The values they reflect may change. C) Their origins can no longer be traced. D) They may be misinterpreted.

35. A) Certain values are shared by a large number of cultures. B) Some proverbs are assuming more and more importance.

C) Old proverbs are constantly replaced by new ones. D) Certain values have always been central to a culture.

Section C

Compound Dictation

Our lives are woven together. As much as I enjoy my own (36) company, I no longer imagine I can get through a (37) single day much less all my life (38) completely on my own. Even if I am on (39) vacation in the mountains, I am eating food someone else has grown, living in a house someone else has (40) built, wearing clothes someone else has sewn from cloth woven by others, using (41) electricity someone else is distributing to my house. (42) Evidence of interdependence is everywhere; we are on this (43) journey together.

(44) As I was growing up, I remember being carefully taught that independence not interdependence was everything. “Make your own way”,“Stand on your own two feet” or my mother’s favorite remark when I was face-to-face with consequences of some action:“Now that you’ve made your bed, lie on it！” Total independence is a dominant thing in our culture. I imagine that (45) what my parents were trying to teach me was to take responsibilities for my actions and my choices. But the teaching was shaped by our cultural imagines. And instead, I grew up believing that I was supposed to be totally independent and consequently became very reluctant to ask for help.

(46) I would do almost anything not to be a burden, and not require any help from anybody.

PartⅣ(25 minutes)

Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

With the world's population estimated to grow from six to nine billion by 2050, researchers. businesses and governments are already dealing with the impact this increase will have on

everything from food and water to infrastructure (基础设施) and jobs. Underling all this 47 will be the demand for energy, which is expected to double over the next 40 years.

Finding the resources to meet this demand in a 48 . sustainable way is the cornerstone (基石) of our nation's energy security, and will be one of the major 49 of the 21st century.

Alternative forms of energy- bio-fuels, wind and solar, to name a few are 50 being funded and developed, and will play a growing 51 in the world's energy supply. But experts say that even when 52 , alternative energy sources will likely meet only about 30% of the world's energy needs by 2050.

For example, even with 53 investments, such as the $93 million for wind energy development in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, important alternative energy sources such as wind and bio-fuels 55 only about 1% of the market today.

Energy and sustainability experts say the answer to our future energy needs will likely come from a lot of 56 both traditional and alternative. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 A)stable I)exactly B)solutions J)consist C)significant K)comprise D)role L)competitions E)progress M)combined F)marvelous N)challenges G)included O)certainly H)growth

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four chokes marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One

Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and involve them in activities such as art, dance and music.

Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity (阳刚), the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype. a US study says.

Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to

conform to the \"boy code\" of hiding their emotions to be a \"real man\".

The findings of the study so against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.

Tony Little, headmaster of Eton, warned that boys were being faded by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.

The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.

But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys' learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the study's author, Abigail James, of the University of Virginia.

Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with \"boy-focused\" approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because boys generally have more acute vision learn best through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given \"hands-on\" lessons where they are allowed to walk around. \"Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine (女性的) and prefer the modem genre (类型) in which violence and sexism are major themes, \"James wrote.

Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype that men should be \"masterful and in charge\" in relationships. \"In mixed schools boys feel compelled to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means, \" the study reported.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

57. The author believes that a single-sex school would ____ . A) force boys to hide their emotions to be \"real men\" B) help to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys C) encourage boys to express their emotions more freely D) naturally reinforce in boys the traditional image of a man 58. It is commonly believed that in a mixed school boys _____ . A) Perform relatively better B) grow up more healthily C) behave more responsibly D) receive a better education

59. What does Tony Little say about the British education system? A) It fails more boys than girls academically. B) It focuses more on mixed school education. C) It fails to give boys the attention they need. D) It places more pressure on boys than on girls.

60. According to Abigail James, one of the advantages of single-sex

schools is ______.

A) teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys B) boys can focus on their lessons without being distracted C) boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in D) teaching can be designed to promote boys' team spirit

61. Which of the following is characteristic of boys according to Abigail James' report?

A) They enjoy being in charge. B) They conform to stereotypes. C) They have sharper vision. D) They are violent and sexist. Passage Two

It's an annual argument. Do we or do we not go on holiday? My partner says no because the boiler could go, or the roof fall off and we have no savings to save us. I say you only live once and

we work hard and what's the point if you can't go on holiday. The joy of a recession means no argument next year - we just won't go.

Since money is known to be one of the things most likely to bring a relationship to its knees, we should be grateful. For many families the recession means more than not booking a holiday A YouGov poll of 2, 000 people found 22% said they were arguing more with their partners because of concerns about money. What's less clear is whether divorce and separation rates rise in a

recession - financial pressures mean couples argue more but make splitting up less affordable. A recent research shows arguments about money were especially damaging to couples. Disputes were characterized by intense verbal ( 言语上的) aggression, tended to be repeated and not resolved and made men, more than women, extremely angry.

Kim Stephenson, an occupational psychologist, believes money is such a big deal because of what it symbolizes, which may be different things to men and women. \"People can say the same things about money but have different ideas of what it's for.\" he explains. \"They'll say it's to save to spend, for security, for freedom, to show someone you love them.\" He says men are more likely to see money as a way of buying status and of showing their parents that they've achieved something.

\"The biggest problem is that couples assume each other know what's going on with their

finances, but they don't. There seems to be more of a taboo (禁忌) about talking about money than about death. But you both need to know what you're doing, who's paying what into the joint account and how much you keep separately. In a healthy relationship, you don't have to agree about money, but you have to talk about it.\"

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答： 62. What does the author say about vacationing? A) People enjoy it all the more during a recession. B) Few people can afford it without working hard. C) It makes all the hard work worthwhile. D) It is the chief cause of family disputes.

63. What does the author mean by saying \"money is known ... to bring a relationship to its knees\"(Line 1, Para. 2)?

A) Money is considered to be the root of all evils. B) Some people sacrifice their dignity for money. C) Few people can resist the temptation of money. D) Disputes over money may rain a relationship.

. The YouGov poll of 2, 000 people indicates that in a recession ______ . A) conflicts between couples tend to rise B) it is more expensive for couples to split up C) couples show more concern for each other D) divorce and separation rates increase 65. What does Kim Stephenson believe?

A) Money is often a symbol of a person's status. B) Money means a great deal to both and women. C) Men and women spend money on different things. D) Men and women view money in different ways.

66. The author suggests at the end of the passage that couples should ______ . A) put their money together instead of keeping it separately B) make efforts to reach agreement on their family budgets C) discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship D) avoid arguing about money matters to remain romantic

Part Ⅴ Cloze (15 minutes)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each bland there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper You should choose the ONE that best fits

into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

Employers fear they will be unable to recruit students with the skills they need as the economic recovery kicks in, a new survey 67 .

Nearly half of the organizations told researchers they were already struggling to

find 68 with skills in science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM). 69 even more companies expect to experience 70 of employees with STEM skills in the next three years. The Confederation of British Industry 71 694 businesses and organizations across the public and 72 sectors, which together employ 2.4 million people.

Half are 73 they will not be able to fill graduate posts in the coming years, while a third said they would not be able to 74 enough employees with the right A-level skills.

\" 75 we move further role recovery and businesses plan 76 growth, the demand for people with high-quality skills and qualifications will

77 .\" said Richard Lambert, Director General, CBI. \"Firms say it is already hard to find people with the right 78 or engineering skills. The new government must make it a top 79 to encourage more young people to study science-related 80 .\"

The survey found that young people would improve their job prospects 81 they studied business, maths, English and physics or chemistry at A-level. The A-levels that

employers 82 least are psychology and sociology. And while many employers don't insist on a 83 degree subject. A third prefer to hire those with a STEM-related subject.

The research 84 worries about the lack of progress in improving basic skills in the UK 85 . Half of the employer expressed worries about employees' basic literacy and numeracy（计算)skills, while the biggest problem is with IT skills, 86 two-thirds reported concerns. 67. A) submits C) launches B) reveals D) generates 68. A) audience C) partners B) officials D) staff 69. A) while C) for

B) because D) although 70. A) exits C) absences B) shortages D) departures 71. A) surveyed C) exposed B) searched D) exploited 72. A) collective C) personal B) private D) civil

73. A) confronted C) concerned B) conformed D) confused 74. A) bind C) transfer B) attain D) recruit 75. A) Lest C) Before B) Unless D) As 76. A) with C) on B) for D) by

77. A) dominate C) enforce B) stretch D) intensify 78. A) creative C) narrative B) technical D) physical 79. A) priority C) challenge B) option D) judgment 80. A) procedures C) thoughts B) academics D) subjects

81. A) until C) whereas B) since D) if

82. A) rate C) order B) discuss D) observe 83. A) typical C) positive B) particular D) general 84. A) highlighted C) focused B) prescribed D) touched 85. A) masses C) faculty

B) workforce D) communities 86. A) what C) where B) whom D) why

Part VI (5 minutes) Translation

Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets Please write your translation on Answer Sheer 2

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。

87．Charity groups organized various activities to ________________(为地震幸存者筹款)。 88．Linda_______________(不可能收到我的电子邮件）：otherwise, she would have replied． ．It's my mother________________(一直在鼓励我不要灰心)when I have difficulties in my studies．

90．The publishing house has to ______________（考虑这部小说的受欢迎程度)。 91．It is absolutely wrong to ________________（仅仅以金钱来定义幸福） 作文： 【标准版】

Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will

Nothing runs smoothly in our life. To achieve things successfully, a strong will is essential. Life is like a Marathon. Many people can’t get to the terminal. This is not because they are lack of vitality but because their will of success is not strong enough.

To take quitting smoking as an example, some regard it as a piece of cake. They make up their minds to quit it in the morning, but in the evening they feel that the smell of cigarettes is tempting. Their throats are sore, their mouths are thirsty, and their hands are shaking. After the painful mental struggle, they tell themselves that “One cigarette is enough. Just take one, and the next day I will quit it.” By doing this, they surrender to their weak will. In the end, they have quitted smoking “a hundred times”, but in no time they succeed.

Just like quitting smoking, nothing succeeds without a strong will. To be successful in one’s life, a strong will means that you know where you go and you will persist on the road you choose. Undoubtedly success belongs to those who overcome their weak will and who hang in there until the last minute. 【高分版】

Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will

As we have read from above, quitting-smoking seems easy, but in reality it is rarely achieved. There is something provoking and interesting in this paradox, just because sword does not wear the stone as dripping water does.

The ability to do something over and over again in a short time may imply its easiness, but in a long run, a lifetime maybe, things turn out to be quite the opposite. Also, as is often the case, one may have obtained all the tools and opportunities to achieve something, but in the end they still fail due to the will shortage.

So how could we avoid the dilemma? Here is the prime condition of success: will and

perseverance. Concentrate you energy, thought and mind exclusively on the business in which you

are engaged, hang on in there and be patient, for, as Emerson put it, no one can cheat you out of your ultimate success but yourself. [答案及解析] Part Ⅱ

1.【答案】A) sticks to them in their daily life 【解析】第一题的答案就在全文第一句。关键词是not only…. But also…. ，关键句是The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each day. 这里的live up to 和选项里的 stick to 属于同义替换。

2.【答案】C) It is the basis of mutual trust 【解析】关键词是personal and professional，关键句是Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals. 结合紧接着的问句，我们很容易锁定trust这个选项。

3.【答案】A. To ensure we make responsible choices. 【解析】关键词是identify the risks，关键句是Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. 所以答案很明显是A。

4.【答案】B. it is claimed to be unintentional. 【解析】关键词是misconduct，关键句是But the fact that such a violation is \"unintentional\" does not excuse the misconduct. 和原文意义高度一致的，就是这个unintentional。因此答案是：B. it is claimed to be unintentional. 5.【答案】A. Avoid making excuses. 【解析】关键词是fool oneself，关键句是To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test这里的watch out for 和选项里的avoid属于同义替换。所以答案是A。 6.【答案】C. value immediate benefits most. 【解析】关键词是regret later，关键句是Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immediate benefits (\"what's in it for me\")。很明显，选项 value immediate benefits most 是正确答案。这里的value 和 focus on 属于同义替换。 7. 【答案】A) pay more dearly 【解析】关键词是get caught，关键句是Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. 这里的higher price 和选项里的more dearly 属于同义替换。所以答案是A。

8. 【答案】steal a grade 【解析】关键词：care about 关键句：I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach; all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others.\"

9. 【答案】honesty and good faith 【解析】关键词是rely on，关键句是We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others every day.

10. 【答案】the Watergate scandal 【解析】关键词是political and economic leaders，关键句是Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. PartⅢ听力原文及答案解析

Listening Comprehension Section A

11. W: This crazy bus schedule has got me completely confused. I can’t figure out when my bus to Cleveland leaves?

M: Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask? Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?

【答案】B) Go and ask the staff. 【解析】这是一道事实细节题。从对话中可知，女士搞不清楚列车时刻表，男士建议她去售票窗口咨询。ticket window售票窗口。

12. W: I really enjoyed the TV special about drafts last night. Did you get home in time to see it? W: Oh, yes, but I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing.

Q: What does the man mean?

【答案】A) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program. 【解析】这是道推理判断题，考查男士的言下之意以及虚拟语气。could have done意为本可以做某事，但未做。从对话中可知，男士确实回家看了电视节目，但是他说道：I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing. 我真希望自己当时能再晚点睡着，这样我就可以看完整场节目了。说明他没有看完整场节目就睡着了。

13. W: Airport, please. I’m running a little late. So just take the fastest way even if it’s not the most direct.

M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today be cause of the football game.

Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?

【答案】B) She is worried about missing her flight. 【解析】这是道场景题，略有难度。刚开始，我们还无法很快判断出该对话发生的场景，很多同学一听到airport可能会误以为对话发生在机场，但如果我们继续听下去，就会发现，该对话应该发生在出租车上，因为女士说了句“请选择最快的路”，而男士说“因为有球赛，所以到处都交通拥堵”可以帮助我们再次确认对话发生的场景。选项A不对，原文是说要挑the fastest way哪怕不是the most direct way；选项C也不准确，才刚上车，并没有拥堵，司机只是提前说明因为球赛会碰到拥堵；选项D错误，女士是为了赶去乘飞机的，而不是去看球赛。

14. W: May I make a recommendation, sir? Our seafood with this special sauce is very good. M: Thank you, but I don’t eat shellfish. I’m allergic to it.

Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?

【答案】A) At a restaurant 【解析】这是道场景题，较为简单。从对话中可知，女士希望向男士推荐一道菜，从首句中即可推断出该对话最有可能发生在餐馆中，男士说，他过敏，不吃贝壳类海鲜，可以帮助我们再次确认对话发生的场景。

15. W: Now one more question if you don’t mind, what position in the company appeals to you most?

M: Well, I’d like the position of sales manager if that position is still vacant. Q: What do we learn about the man?

【答案】A) He is being interviewed for a job. 【解析】这是较为简单的细节推理题。从position, company这几个关键词中，我们就可以快速判断出此题的场景为面试，因此男士应该正在接受一场面试。 C选项错误，他想要销售经理的职位，但并不表示他本身就是销售经理。

16. M: I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.

W: I know what you mean. But check out the cost if renting an apartment first. I won’t be surprised if you change your mind.

Q: What does the woman imply?

【答案】B) The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory. 【解析】这是推理判断题，询问女士的言下之意。最后一句，女士表示“你改变主意的话，我不会觉得奇怪”，可知，男士不太可能搬出宿舍。A选项是个干扰项，虽然该选项看上去意思和B选项差不多，但对话中并没有提到男士想找一个更安静的地方，他想搬离寝室，是为了更多的个人空间。 17. M: You’re on the right track. I just think you need to narrow the topic down.

W: Yeah, you’re right. I always start by choosing two boarder topics when I’m doing a research paper.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 【答案】D) The woman is going to make her topic more focused. 【解析】这是推理判断题。从对话中可知，男士希望女士缩小主题的范围，女士回答“你是对的。”说明女士会采纳男士的建议，缩小主题。

18. W: This picnic should beat the last one we went to, doesn’t it? M: Oh, yeah, we had to spend the whole time inside. Good thing, the weather was cooperative this time. Q: What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation?

【答案】B) They didn’t quite enjoy their last picnic. 【解析】这是推理判断题。beat一词是个难点，beat本意有“打败”的意思，这次的野餐打败了上次，即这次比上次好，下文中，男士说“上次我们不得不呆在室内，但这次天气不错。”可以再次确认他们不喜欢上次的野餐，因此，正确答案为B。 Conversation One 【听力原文】 M: When I say I live in Sweden, people always want to know about the seasons. W: The seasons? M: Yeah, you know how cold it is in winter? What is it like when the days are so short? W: So what is it like? M: Well, it is cold, very cold in winter. Sometimes it is cold as 26

degrees below centigrade. And of course when you go out, you’ll wrap up warm. But inside in the houses it’s always very warm, much warmer than at home. Swedish people always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter. W: And what about the darkness? M: Well, yeah, around Christmas time there’s only one hour of daylight, so you really looks forward to the spring. It is sometimes a bit depressing. But you see the summers are amazing, from May to July in the North of Sweden the sun never sets. It’s still light in the midnight. You can walk in the mountains and read a newspaper. W: Oh, yeah, the land of the midnight sun. M: Yeah, that’s right, but it’s wonderful. You want to stay up all night, and the Sweden’s made most of it. Often they started work earlier in summer and then leave at about 2 or 3 in the afternoon, so that they can really enjoy the long summer evenings. They’d like to work hard, but play hard, too. I think Londoners work longer hours, but I’m not sure this is a good thing.【听力点睛】这篇长对话是围绕瑞典的天气展开，主要谈到瑞典冬天的极寒和夏天的极昼天气。文章一开头即说到人们喜欢询问瑞典的季节情况。接下来对具体情况进行了描述，包括：极寒天气下的气温、室外和室内温度状况，另外，就瑞典室温与英国室温进行了对比，再次强调证明瑞典室温很高；而极昼天气则谈的是瑞典人的工作时间和工作习惯，另外，就瑞典人工作时认真忙、能玩时拼命玩的习惯和英国人工作勤奋、工作时间长进行了对比。这篇对话考查细节信息抓取能力。整体难度不大，并且以男士提供的信息为主。但许多考生可能因为对瑞典（Sweden）和与瑞典相关的一系列名词不熟悉而纠结，因此忽略了真正需要听清的其实并不太难的关键信息。这就提醒大家在做题时，切勿因为个别词语不熟悉，而慌张。 19. A）He likes Sweden better than England. B）He prefers hot weather to cold weather. C）He is an English living in Sweden.

D）He visits London nearly every winter.

Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?

【答案】B）He prefers hot weather to cold weather. 【解析】本题为推断题。根据文章大意可推断得出。整篇文章中，分别有两处暗示信息，一处是男士说，“Swedish people always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter.”，瑞典人在冬天去拜访英格兰时，会抱怨英格兰室温太冷。另一处是男士在谈到冬天天气时，说道：“It is sometimes a bit depressing.”长时间寒冷的天气令人沮丧。因此可推断得出，男士更喜欢hot weather，热天气。所以，答案为：He prefers hot weather to cold weather. 20. A）The bad weather B）The cold houses. C）The gloomy winter. D）The long night.

Q: What do Swedish people complain about when they visit England in winter?

【答案】B）The cold houses. 【解析】对话中，当男士介绍瑞典的极寒天气时，谈到只要穿暖，出门很暖，而室内更暖和，为了强调这一观点，男士继续说道：“Swedish people always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter.”说是瑞典人在冬天去拜访英格兰时，会抱怨英格兰室温太冷。所以，答案为：The cold houses. 21. A）Delightful. B）Painful.

C）Depressing. D）Refreshing.

Q: How does the man describe the short hour of daylight around Christmas in Sweden?

【答案】C）Depressing. 【解析】女士问：“And what about the darkness?”男士答道：“around Christmas time there’s only one hour of daylight, so you really looks forward to the spring.”临近圣诞节的时候，每天仅有一小时为白天，所以人们都非常向往春天，希望春天快点到来。然后，进一步强调性地评论道：“It is sometimes a bit depressing.”有时候真有点令人沮丧。因此，本题答案为：Depressing.

22. A）They often stay up late reading. B)They work hard and play hard.

C) They like to go camping in summer. D) They try to earn more and spend more.

Q: What does the man say about the Swedish people?

【答案】B）They work hard and play hard. 【解析】男士在谈到瑞典的极昼天气时，着重谈了瑞典人在极昼天气的工作情况，并进一步对瑞典人的工作习惯进行了评价。男士说道：

“They’d like to work hard, but play hard, too.”瑞典人既能在工作时努力工作，又能在能玩时拼命玩。所以，本题答案为：They work hard and play hard. Conversation Two 【听力原文】 Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. W: What kind of training does one need to go into this type of job? M: That’s a very good question. I don’t think there is any, specifically. W: For example, in your case, what was your educational background? M: Well, I did a degree in French at Nottingham. After that, I did careers work in secondary schools like the careers guidance people here is in the university. Then I went into local government because I found I was more interested in the administrative side. Then progressed on to universities. So there wasn’t any plan and there was no specific training. There are plenty of training courses in management techniques and committee work which you can attend now. W: But in the first place, you did a French degree. M: In my time, there wasn’t a degree you could do for administration. I think most of the administrators I’ve come across have degrees and all sorts of things. W: Well, I know in my case, I did an English literature degree and I didn’t really expect to end up doing what I am doing now. M: Quite. W: But you are local to Nottingham, actually? Is there any reason why you went to Nottingham University? M: No, no, I come from the north of England, from west Yorkshire. Nottingham was one of the universities I put on my list. And I like the look of it. The campus is just beautiful. W: Yes, indeed. Let’s see. Were you from the industrial part of Yorkshire? M: Yes, from the Woolen District. 【听力点睛】这篇长对话围绕男士的教育背景和职业发展展开。按顺序分别谈到男士从诺丁汉大学法语专业，毕业之后去了中学和工作，然后又进入了大学管理层。这期间，他并没有刻意做过任何的职业发展计划，也没有接受过专门的相关职业培训，主要是因为在他的读书时代，并没有可攻读的管理学学位。对话最后谈到了男士去诺丁汉大学读书的原因是被其校园的优美风景所吸引。这篇对话有一定难度。特别是关于男士职业的说法，考生未必熟悉。但考生不必紧张，因为主要的细节考查中，专业是法语、因为环境优雅所以选择诺丁汉大学这两题都不难听出。

23. A）Management. B）French C）English literature D）Public Administration

Q: What was the man’s major at university?

【答案】B）French. 【解析】细节题。在第二轮对话中，女士问，“what was your educational background?”你是什么教育背景，男士回答说：“I did a degree in French at Nottingham.” 我在诺丁汉大学攻读了法语学位，所以男士的专业是French。

24. A）English teaching. B）Staff training. C）Careers guidance. D）Psychological counseling

Q: What was the man’s job in secondary schools? 【答案】C）careers guidance. 【解析】细节题。在说完“I did a degree in French at Nottingham.”之后，男士又接着说“After that, I did careers guidance in secondary schools.”因此，此题的答案应为：careers guidance。

25. A）Its pleasant environment. B）Its worldwide fame.

C）Its generous scholarship. D）Its well-designed courses. Q: What attracted the man to Nottingham University?

【答案】B）Its pleasant environment. 【解析】细节题。女士问：“Is there any reason why you went to Nottingham University?”你去诺丁汉大学是出于什么原因？男士在回答中说到，诺丁汉是我心中理想大学之一。紧接着他就说道：“And I like the look of it.”还进一步补充说明道：“ The campus is just beautiful. ”因此，男士是因被其优雅环境所吸引而选择去诺丁汉大学。所以，本题的答案为：Its pleasant environment.

Section B Passage One

While Gail Obcamp, an American artist was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included visitors from Japan, she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners have their eyes closed. Were they tuned off because an American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form? Were they deliberately tried to signal their rejection of

her? Obcamp later found out that her listeners were not being disrespectful. Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes to enhance concentration. Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words. Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation involving people from other countries or members of a minority group in North America. Learning how different cultures signal respect can help you avoid misunderstandings. Here are some examples. In the deaf culture of North America, Many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air. In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North America, listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker. Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but avoiding direct eye contact. In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult. 【听力点睛】本文主要介绍不同文化中都是如何表示尊重的，以及如何利用这点来避免跨文化交流中的误会产生。一开始先用一位美国艺术家Gail Obcamp做演讲的故事来举例子，引出对闭上眼睛这样一种动作不同的理解；继而发表了作者的看法：在和不同文化的人交流的时候，如果你懂得其他文化中是如何表达尊重的，可以避免误会；接着又是例子，是关于北美洲聋哑人是如何用动作来交流的。还有一些国家，对同样的手势会有截然不同的理解，进一步验证了作者的观点。做这篇题目的重点在于能够迅速拎出来作者的观点。 Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. What did Obcamp’s speech focus on? A) Characteristics of Japanese artists B) Some features of Japanese culture C) The art of Japanese brush painting D) The uniqueness of Japanese art

【答案】C) The art of Japanese brush painting

27. Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while listening to a speech? A) To calm themselves down B) To enhance concentration

C) To show their impatience D) To signal their lack of interest 【答案】B) To enhance concentration.

28. What does the speaker try to explain?

A) How listeners in different cultures show respect B) How speakers can win approval from the audience C) How speakers can misunderstand the audience D) How different Western and Eastern art forms are

【答案】A) How listeners in different cultures show respect.

Passage Two

Chris is in charge of purchasing and maintaining equipment in his Division at Taxlong Company. He is soon going to have an evaluation interview with his supervisor and the personnel director to discuss the work he has done in the past year. Salary, promotion and plans for the coming year will also be discussed at the meeting. Chris has made several changes for his Division in the past year. First, he bought new equipment for one of the departments. He has been particularly happy about the new equipment because many of the employees have told him how much it has helped them. Along with improving the equipment, Chris began a program to train employees to use equipment better and do simple maintenance themselves. The training saved time for the employees and money for the company. Unfortunately, one serious problem developed during the year. Two employees th at Chris hired were stealing, and he had to fire them. Chris knows that a new job for a purchasing and maintenance manager for the whole company will be open in a few months, and he would like to be promoted to the job. Chris knows, however, that someone else wants that new job, too. Kim is in charge of purchasing and maintenance in another Division of the company. She has also made several changes over the year. Chris knows that his boss likes Kim’s work, and he expects that his work will be compared with hers. 【听力点睛】这篇文章讲述了Chris在职场上的一次经历。Chris在Taxlong公司负责采购和

维修设备。他即将要和领导针对过去一年的工作进行一个回顾总结，他心里希望可以得到晋升。在过去这一年里，他也做了不少贡献，买了许多能够提高效率的设备，但是他手下有两个职员因为偷窃而被开除了。除此以外，公司里面还有一个女同事Kim，是他这次晋级的竞争对手，她也一样很优秀。这篇文章没有什么生词，难度较低。题目中考察细节问题比较多，需要同学们可以准确地在看到题目之后locate文章中对应题目的是哪一部分。 Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. 29. What is Chris’s main responsibility at Taxlong Company? A) Directing personnel evaluation. B) Buying and maintain equipment.

C) Drawing up plans for in-service training. D) Interviewing and recruiting employees. 【答案】 B) Buying and maintain equipment.

30. What problem did Chris encounter in his Division? A) Some of his equipment was damaged in a fire. B) The training program he ran was failure. C) Two of his workers were injured at work. D) Two of his employees committed theft.

【答案】D)Two of his employees committed theft. 31. What does Chris hope for in the near future? A) A better relationship with his boss. B) Advancement to a higher position

C) A better-paying job in another company D) Improvement in the company’s management 【答案】B)Advancement to a higher position.

32. What do we learn about Kim from the passage? A)She has more self-confidence than Chris. B)She works with Chris in the same division.

C)She has more management experience than Chris. D) She is competing with Chris for the new job.

【答案】D) She is competing with Chris for the new job. Passage Three

Proverbs,sometimes called sayings, are examples of folk wisdom. They are little lessons which older people of a culture pass down to the younger people to teach them about life. Many proverbs remind people of the values that are important in the culture. Values teach people how to act, what is right, and what is wrong. Because the values of each culture are different, understanding the values of another culture helps explain how people think and act. Understanding your own culture values is important too. If you can accept that people from other cultures act according to their values, not yours, getting along with them will be much easier. Many proverbs are very old. So some of the values they teach may not be as important in the culture as they once were. For example, Americans today do not pay much attention to the proverb “Haste makes waste”, because patience is not important to them. But if you know about past values, it helps you to understand the present and many of the older values are still strong today. Benjamin Franklin, a famous American diplomat, writer and scientist, died in 1790, but his proverb “Time is money” is taken more seriously by Americans of today than ever before. A study of proverbs from around the world shows that some values are shared by many cultures. In many cases though, the same idea is expressed differently.

【听力点睛】这篇文章是一篇说明文。从科学客观的角度讲述了Proverb谚语的一些知识。包括它的定义-----是老一辈人传给后代的生活经验，生活价值观。不同国家，不同文化中的谚语往往可以揭示不同的价值观。如果能够理解其他文化的谚语，价值观，那么会在跨文化交际中避免很多麻烦。作者又提到，一些谚语年代久远。其中包含的价值观随着时代的变迁可能重要性也发生了改变。并且举了Haste makes waste. 和Time is money. 这样两个例子。作者最后再次表明，通过学习不同国家的谚语，会发现一些国家会有相同或者相似的价值观，

只是有可能表达的方式有所不同而已。这篇说明文对考生的要求在于快速划分出作者想说明的几个点。一般通常写说明文章的顺序都是先说明要点，然后用一些事实来进一步说明。 Questions 32- 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 33. Why are proverbs so important?

A) They help us see the important values of a culture. B) They guide us in handling human relationships. C) They help us express ourselves more effectively. D) They are an infinite source of human knowledge.

【答案】A）They help us see the important values of a culture.

34. According to the speaker what happens to some proverbs with the passage of time? A)Their wordings may become different. B) The values they reflect may change. C)Their origins can no longer be traced. D) They may be misinterpreted.

【答案】B) The values they reflect may change.

35. What do we learn from the study of proverbs from around the world?A) Certain values are shared by a large number of cultures.

B) Some proverbs are assuming more and more importance. C) Old proverbs are constantly replaced by new ones. D) Certain values have always been central to a culture. 【答案】B

PartⅣSection A

47 growth 48 stable 49 challenges 50 certainly 51 role 52 combined 53 significant included 55 comprise 56 solutions

【解析】这是一篇讨论能源资源的说明文，话题是考生比较熟悉的能源问题，不断增长的人口与可再生资源的矛盾该如何解决。文中指出能源的一些可替代形式如生物能源、风能太阳能等可再生资源将在未来发挥越来越重要的作用。但是专家指出，即使这些资源储备量惊人，但是到2050年也只能满足世界30%的需求。文章最后两段探讨了各能源在市场上的需求，以及解决未来能源需求的其他方案。

总体来说，这篇文章理解难度不大，填度适中，所选词汇也都是四级考纲的词汇。选项较具有干扰项，多为c和s开头的单词，考生在考试时要特别注意。 Section B

Passage One 57, C. encourage boys to express their emotions freely

58, A. perform relatively better 59, C. It fails to give boys the attention they need 60, A teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys 61, C They have sharper vision

【解析】这篇文章针对传统的男女生一起上学，一起接受教育提出了质疑。作者从文章一开头就表明了自己的看法：对于男生而言，单性教育，即男生们一起上学会对男生的身心发展更为有利。文中出现一个短语，received wisdom，即是“人们普遍的看法，公认的看法”。也是作者所批判的一种观点。传统观点认为，男生和女生混合教育会对男生发展更有利。但是作者认为单性教育对男生有以下几个好处：可以让男生们更自由地表达自己的情感，可以学习自己感兴趣的艺术，舞蹈，音乐等学科。不用去遵守人们在传统印象中对男生的期盼。而且单性教育可以针对男生的身心发展特点而制定学习计划。并且作者觉得，目前英国教育把女生当做关注重点，忽视了对男生的重视。

Passage Two 62.C . It makes all the hard work worthwhile. 63. D. Disputes over money may ruin a relationship. . A. conflicts between couples tend to rise 65. D. men and women view money in different ways. 66. C. discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship. 【解析】这是一篇关于金钱对夫妻关系的影响的文章。文中第一段主要通过度假这件事来体现不同人对待金钱的不同态度。作者认为人只能活一次，如果不能去度假的话，那么工作再努力也没有意义。第二段主要谈到了大萧条时期，不太良好的经济状况常常会影响夫妻关系，可能会导致争吵，甚至会导致离婚或者分居的成本增加，对夫妻感情造成伤害。第三段讲了Kim Stephenson，一个心理学家的观点，即男人和女人对待金钱的态度是不一样的，男人把

金钱看作是得到社会地位的途径，看作向父母展现自己成功的一种方式。第四段，作者建议夫妻可以对金钱持有不同的观点，但是不可以对它采取回避的态度，避而不谈。相对来说，这篇文章的难度比较大。文章看懂并不难，但是题目中，推理题和大意题比较多，需要在充分理解作者意图，了解文章主旨的基础上，才能选出正确答案。 Part V Cloze

【评析】这是一篇讨论“雇主和他们所需要的大学生技能” 的文章。今年四级的完型填空，涉及5处名词，2处介词，6处动词，4处形容词和3处副词。第82题稍难，像80和85都可以通过上下文判断出来，其余部分只要在句子内部或者句子之间进行上下文逻辑比对或语法搭配，即可完成。词义辨析考查较多，考查学生词汇的储备量，因此，考生要特别注意四级词汇的牢固掌握。

67.【答案】reveals 【解析】第一段提出话题，“据一项最新调查显示，现在的雇主们害怕他们雇不到符合要求的毕业生”，launch意思为“发起一场运动”，submit意为“提交，服从”，generate生成，reveal透露，揭露，显示。这里根据段意，reveal最合适。

68. 【答案】staff 【解析】根据句意，基本有一半的组织机构告诉调查者他们在努力寻找具有四个方面（科学、技术、工程和数学）才能的职员。这里partners，audience, officials显然不符合题意。

69.【答案】while 【解析】这里和前面已经叙述的事实构成并列，“同时，更多公司预测，接下来的三年他们都将会遭遇雇员四缺现象（科学、技术、工程和数学知识技能欠缺）”，因此排除其他三项。选while。

70.【答案】shortages 【解析】由第二段句首struggling可判断，机构组织寻找这些人才非常不易，那么这种人才显然是不够的，短缺的。absence是表示“缺席，不在”，不能描述短缺，因此排除。此题的另一个关键是确定experience的词性，动词。

71.【答案】surveyed 【解析】第三段用一句话简介经过工业联盟调查了69个行业和组织，首先排除D和C，search是指搜查；细查某处以搜寻某人或某物，搜索；而survey是指调查某部分人的行为、意见等（通常以询问方式进行），符合题意。

72.【答案】private 【解析】根据上一题的意思，调查在公共和私人部门中展开，后面一句的together暗示and后面的这个空是和“公共的”对立的，因此填private。

73.【答案】concerned 【解析】第四段描写了这个调查的具体情况。有一半人…，这里缺少动词，confront一般和with连用，conform 符合，遵照，confuse 使混乱，使困惑，这里根据上下文的意思，雇主们都担心这种现象的发生，因此选concerned, be concerned 担心的，烦恼的，忧虑的。

74.【答案】recruit 【解析】本题考查词义辨析，三分之一的被调查者坦言他们可能顾不到符合相应资质的雇员，只有recruit符合题意。 75. 【答案】As 【解析】根据句子结构判断，前半句是一个伴随状语，“随着…的深入进行，…需求越来越强”，而不是条件状语或让步状语。 76.【答案】for 【解析】这里考查介词搭配。这里侧重于描述执行进展的计划的目的，选for。 77.【答案】intensify 【解析】本题考查词义辨析。根据前文，这种需求是不断增加的，intensify 增强，强化，变激烈；dominate指在…中占主导地位，这里并没有给出一个具体的范围，不符合句意。enforce 实施，执行；stretch 伸展。

78. 【答案】technical 【解析】本题比较简单，属于送分题。前卖第二段已经指出在四个方面技能欠缺，选项中显然只有technical符合文意。

79. 【答案】priority 【解析】这里考查短语固定搭配。make…a top priority 让…成为首要任务，当务之急。 80.【答案】subjects 【解析】这里鼓励年轻人学习科学相关的学科，从倒数第二段也可判断。academy 学院，研究院； procedure 步骤，程序，thought 思想，不符题意，排除。 81. 【答案】if 【解析】这里考查考生对前后两个完整的句子的关系的理解，主句中的would是一个虚拟语气的标志词，据此代入选项if，通读上下文，符合题意之后确定。

82.【答案】rate 【解析】词义辨析题。rate评定某人、某事物的价值；order 命令，整理；discuss 讨论，论述，observe 观察，遵守。根据文意，雇主们认为A-levels中价值最低的学科是心理学和社会学，因此选rate。 83. 【答案】particular 【解析】文章指出现在雇主们需要的是具备Stem四方面素质的人才，因此许多雇主们不赞成对某一特殊学科的专业学位，而非typical典型的，general一般的，

或者是积极的positive。 84. 【答案】highlighted 【解析】词义辨析题。根据最后一句，该研究“强调” 对…的担忧, focus一般和on连用，其余两项意义不符。

85. 【答案】workforce 【解析】词义辨析题。“提高英国劳动力的基本技能”，masses 民众，faculty 全体教员，community 社区，团体；整篇文章都在讨论就业和雇佣，显然选workforce。 86.【答案】where 【解析】考查定语关系副词。这个定语从句完整，由此判断缺少关系副词，首先排除A,B两个关系代词,再根据意思排除why。 Part VI Translation

87. Charity groups organized various activities to raise money for the survivors of the earthquake. (为地震幸存者筹款) 【解析】本题考察动词raise的用法。raise money 表示“筹款”。同时考生要注意survivor （幸存者）的拼写。

88. Linda couldn’t have received my e-mail (不可能收到我的电子邮件), otherwise, she could have replied.

【解析】本题考察混合型虚拟语气。otherwise提示我们句子后半句是与过去事实相反（事实是Linda没有回复），因此用could+have+过去分词。句子前半句是在陈述一种事实，从句子后半句could have +过去分词我们可以推断前面“没有收到我的电子邮件”也是在发生在过去，且对现在产生了影响（还没有收到回信），因此这里用现在完成时，could have +过去分词。

. It’s my mother who/that keeps encouraging me not to lose heart (一直鼓励我不要灰心) when I have difficulties in my study.

【解析】本题考察了强调句型和动词encourage的搭配。①强调句型it’s … that/who… ②encourage sb. (not) to do sth. 鼓励某人（不）做某事。

90. The publishing house has to consider the popularity of this novel. (考虑这本小说的受欢迎程度)。

【解析】本题考察了“考虑”的表达，可以用动词consider，也可以用词组take… into consideration。同时考生要注意名词popularity (受欢迎程度) 的拼写。 91.It’s wrong to define happiness only by money.(仅仅以金钱来定义幸福) 【解析】本题考察了“定义”的表达，为define。