新标准大学英语book2-unit5教案

Unit 2 The world at warActive reading (1) Catch-22

Students will be able to:Predicting

Identifying features of a formal writing style through reading

Organising Students’ oral discussion by showing them how to present information a

nd opinions Analysing trends by using patterns observed and researched

1st period: Pre-reading; While-reading (text structure; cultural notes; language points)2nd period: While-reading (language points; grammatical structures)3rd period: Check on students’ home reading (Passage 2);

Joseph Heller （1923-1999）：an American novelist from New York, best known for his 1961 novel Catch-22, an anti-warsatire based on the author ’s own millitary experience. Heller ’s other novels include: Something Happened 《出了⽑病》（1974）, Good as Gold 《像⾼尔德⼀样好》

可译为：“第⼆⼗⼆条军规；左右为难；⽆法摆脱的困境”，指悖论式的进退维⾕的局⾯或叫⼈左右为难的情况。

同类例句：1.如果你不创收，没⼈能养活你；如果你能创收，下了岗也饿不着你。所以你不下岗谁下岗？——某领导对下岗⼈员如是说。 2.“本商场拥有本次活动的最终解释权”。 军规内容

根据第⼆⼗⼆条军规，只有疯⼦才能获准免于飞⾏，但必须由本⼈提出申请，但你⼀旦提出

申请，恰好证明了你是⼀个正常⼈，还是在劫难逃。第⼆⼗⼆条军规还规定，飞⾏员飞满25架次就能回国，但它⼜说，你必须绝对服从命令，要不就不能回国。因此上级可以不断给飞⾏员增加飞⾏次数，⽽你不得违抗。如此反复，永⽆休⽌。《第⼆⼗⼆条军规》内容提要

第⼆次世界⼤战期间，美国的⼀个飞⾏⼤队驻扎在地中海的“⽪亚诺扎”岛上。这是个光怪陆离的“世界”。⼤队指挥官卡思卡特上校⼀⼼想当将军，为了要达到⾃⼰的⽬的，千⽅百计博取上级的欢⼼。他⼀次次任意增加部下的轰炸飞⾏任务，意欲⽤部下的⽣命来换取⾃⼰的升迁。这⽀⾥还有两个“出类拔萃”的⼈物。⼀个是⼀本正经⽽野⼼勃勃的谢司科普夫少尉。他毕业于预备军官训练队，⼤战爆发他颇为⾼兴，因为战争使他有机会可以每天穿上军官制服，⽤清脆、威严的嗓⾳对那些就要去送死的⼩伙⼦⼤喊⼝令，⽽他⾃⼰由于视⼒不佳，且有瘘管病，所以没有上前线的机会。他为了邀宠上级，飞黄腾达，就发疯似地专⼼训练⾃⼰的中队，求得在检阅中获胜。由于他研究出不挥动双⼿的⾏进队列，被⼈称为“名不虚传的军事天才⼈物”，从此迅速步步⾼升，最后当上了中将司令官。另⼀个是⾷堂管理员⽶洛，他貌似“忠厚⽼实”，可是赚钱有术，以伙⾷采购为名，⼤搞投机倒把，办起了⼀个公司。他⽤⼤批飞机⾛私，甚⾄还雇⽤敌⼈的飞机为公司运输，向敌⼈承包保卫桥梁等等。后来居然成为国际知名⼈物，当上欧洲不少城市的和马⽿他的副总督。

本书主⼈公约赛连就⽣活在这个绕着战争怪物旋转的光怪陆离的世界⾥。他是这个飞⾏⼤队所属的⼀个中队的上尉轰炸⼿。他满怀拯救正义的热忱投⼊战争，⽴下战功，被提升为上尉。然⽽慢慢地，他在和周围凶险环境的冲突中，亲眼⽬睹了那种种虚妄、荒诞、疯狂、残酷的现象后，领悟到⾃⼰是受骗了。他变严肃诚挚为玩世不恭，从热爱战争变为厌恶战争。他不想升官发财，也不愿⽆谓牺牲，他只希望活着回家。看到同伴们⼀批批死去，内⼼感到⼗分恐惧，⼜害怕周围的⼈暗算他，置他于死地。他反复诉说“他们每个⼈都想杀害我”。他渴望保住⾃⼰的⽣命，决⼼要逃离这个“世界”。于是他装病，想在医院⾥度过余下的战争岁⽉，但是未能如愿。根据第⼆⼗⼆条军规，疯⼦才能获准免于飞⾏，但必须由本⼈提出申请；同时⼜规定，凡能意识到飞⾏有危险⽽提出免飞申请的，属头脑清醒者，应继续执⾏飞⾏任务。第⼆⼗⼆条军规还规定，飞⾏员飞满上级规定的次数就能回国，但它⼜说，你必须绝对服从命令，要不就不准回国。因此上级可以不断给飞⾏员增加飞⾏次数，⽽你不得违抗。如此反复，永⽆休⽌。最后，约赛连终于明⽩了，第⼆⼗⼆条军规原来是个，是个圈套，是个⽆法逾越的障碍。这个世界到处都由第⼆⼗⼆条军规统治着，就像天罗地⽹⼀样，令你⽆法摆脱。他认为世⼈正在利⽤所谓“正义⾏为”来为⾃⼰巧取豪夺。最后，他不得不开⼩差逃往瑞典。

约瑟夫·海勒1961年的同名⼩说，该书的主⼈公为了逃避危险的作战任务⽽装疯，可是逃避的愿望本⾝⼜证明了他的神志清醒

1. What do you expect to read about in a novel against war?2. What do you not expect to read about?3. Should a novel about war make you laugh?4. What do you expect to be the main idea?Possible answers:

1.in a war novel:descriptions of battles which show heroismin an anti-war novel:stories of tragic and necessary deaths2.romantic,funny things

3.no, because a war novel is serious

4.tragedy, homeless kids, seperated families, etc.

While-reading Task

Check (?) the true statements.

1 Dr Daneeka agrees that Yossarian is crazy.

2 There is a rule that anyone who is crazy must be grounded.3 Yossarian tells the doctor that other people will say he’s crazy.

4 Dr Daneeka decides to check if Yossarian is crazy by asking other people.

5 Dr Daneeka has the power to ground people.

6 If people want to be grounded they must ask Dr Daneeka first.7 Dr Daneeka thinks that anyone who wants to fly must be crazy.

1. military a. relating to armies or armed forces and the way in which they are organized 的；军事的e.g.

1. The national government is prepared to use military force to achieve its aims.准备使⽤武⼒来达成⽬的。

2. The government has threatened to take military action if the rebels do not withdraw from the area.威胁如果叛军不从该地区撤离，就将采取军事措施。

2.reveal vt. let sth. become known, for example a secret or information that was previously not known揭⽰；揭露；透露e.g.

1. He never revealed his identity.他从未暴露过⾃⼰的⾝份。

2. He revealed that he and his children had received death threats.他透露说他和孩⼦们受到了死亡恐吓。

3. The survey revealed that many consumers were aware of the risks involved.调查显⽰许多消费者意识到有关的危险。

3.bloodshed n. [U] a situation in which people are killed or injured, especially during fighting（尤指作战中的）杀戮；流⾎e.g.

1. The battlefield was a scene of appalling bloodshed.战场上⼀⽚恐怖的景象。

2. This election result could lead to further bloodshed.这次选举结果有可能导致进⼀步的流⾎事件。4.heroic a.1) relating to a hero （关于）英雄的；2) very brave and deserving admiration 英勇的；勇敢地e.g.

1. The writer portrayed him as a heroic figure.作家把他描述为⼀个英雄⼈物。

2. She is known for heroic efforts to save her family.⼈们都知道她为拯救全家所作的英勇⾏为。Word family:hero / heroine n.

http://www.doczj.com/doc/b9c5f2185d0e7cd1842b35eefdc8d376ee14b2.html mander n. [C] an officer who is in charge ofa military group or operation 指挥官；司令官

e.g. All the commanders gathered at the headquarters.所有的指挥官都集合在司令部。Word family: command n.& v.e.g.

1. The ship is under the command of Captain Blake.这艘船由布莱克船长指挥。

2. He commanded his men to retreat.他命令⾃⼰的⼈撤退。6.primarily ad. mainly 主要地e.g.

1. The advertisement is aimed primarily at children.这则⼴告的对象主要是⼉童。

2. around 80 per cent of personal computers are used primarily for word processing.约80%的个⼈电脑主要⽤于⽂字处理。Word family: primary a.

e.g. The primary cause of Tom's failure is his laziness.汤姆失败的根本原因是懒惰。

http://www.doczj.com/doc/b9c5f2185d0e7cd1842b35eefdc8d376ee14b2.html ic a. 1)funny 滑稽的；好笑的e.g. The song provides some comic relief from the intensity of the scene.这⾸歌给这个紧张的场⾯增添了轻松的⽓氛。2) relating to comedy 喜剧的e.g.

1. Shakespeare created many comic characters.莎⼠⽐亚塑造了许多喜剧⼈物。2. The ending of the play is comic.此剧的结局是喜剧性的。

Word family: comedy n.Antonym: tragic

8.airman n. [C] a man in a country’s air force, especially one of low rank in the US or UK air force（尤指美国或英国的）空军⼠兵e.g.

1. He had proved himself a most daring airman.他已证明⾃⼰是个极其勇敢的飞⾏员。

2. The airman boldly jumped from the plane with his parachute.飞⾏员带着降落伞勇敢地跳下飞机。

9.insane a.1) suffering from very severe mental illness so that you cannot be considered legallyresponsible for your actions 精神错乱的；精神病的；

2) (infml.) very stupid or crazy, especially in a way that is likely to cause serious problems,harm, or injury （尤指可能造成严重问题和伤害⽽）疯狂的；愚蠢的e.g.

1. Insane people are sometimes dangerous.精神病⼈有时⾮常危险。2. That’s an insane risk.那是疯狂的冒险之举。Antonym: sane a.

10.mission n.1) [C] a military operation, especially one by aircraft军事⾏动；（尤指）飞⾏任务；2) [C] an important piece of work that a person or group of people has to do for agovernment or large organization, especially one that involves travel 使命；任务e.g.

1. He was sent on over 200 missions before being killed in action.阵亡之前他奉命执⾏过200多次军事任务。2. Her mission was to improve staff morale.她的任务是⿎舞员⼯的⼠⽓。

11.plead vi. ask for sth. in an urgent or emotional way 恳求；请求；央求e.g.

1. “Don’t go!” Robert pleaded.“别⾛！”罗伯特央求道。

2.The organization pleaded for government help.这间公司向请求援助。3. Moira pleaded with him to stay.莫伊拉请求他留下。

4. She pleaded with them not to gag the boy.她恳求他们别塞住那个男孩的嘴

12.ground vt. stop a plane from leaving the ground, or stop people from flying somewhere 使停飞e.g.

1. All planes are grounded until the fog clears.所有的飞机都停飞了，直到雾散为⽌。

2. A hydrogen leak forced NASA to ground the space shuttle.因氢⽓泄漏，NASA被迫停飞这架航天飞机。

13.snicker vi. (AmE.)laugh quietly, especially at sth. that is rude or at sth. unpleasant that has

happened to someone（美）暗笑；窃笑e.g.

1. The other students snickered at Steve. 其他学⽣都偷偷地笑史蒂夫。

2. Smile, giggle, snicker, or chuckle! Smiling releases your tension and gives your mood a lift.微笑、咯咯笑、偷笑，或者轻声笑吧！笑声可以释放你的紧张，提升你的情绪。14.immerse vi. 1)put sth. in a liquid 浸；泡

e.g. Immerse your foot in ice cold water to reduce the swelling. 把你的脚泡在冰凉的⽔中消消肿。2) involve oneself deeply in a particular activity or interest沉浸于某事物；专⼼于某事物e.g.

1. She was far too immersed in her studies. 她太专注于学习了。

2. He immersed himself in work so as to stop thinking about her. 他埋头于⼯作以便不再思念她。15.wrestle n. [U] the act of engaging in close hand-to-hand combat 摔跤；⾓⼒e.g. How come Arthur won the wrestle today? 奇怪，为什么今天亚瑟摔跤赢了呢？16.soberly ad.in a grave manner 严肃地；认真地；审慎地e.g.

1. He walked soberly toward the altar.他神情严肃地⾛向祭坛。

2. We must soberly consider these questions now.我们现在要认真地考虑这些问题。

3. She will soberly think about their relationship.她会审慎地考虑他们的关系。Word family: sober a.

http://www.doczj.com/doc/b9c5f2185d0e7cd1842b35eefdc8d376ee14b2.html bat1) n. [U] fighting during a war 战⽃e.g. General Gierson was killed in combat.吉尔森将军阵亡了。

2) v. take action to reduce, destroy, or prevent (sth. bad or undesirable) 与……战⽃，与……⽃争

e.g. The university has launched a research center to develop new ways of ___ bacteria which have become resistant todrug treatments. (CET4-2003-12-57)A) regulating B) haltingC) interrupting D) combating

这所⼤学创办了⼀个研究中⼼来开发新的⽅法，对抗已经产⽣了抗药性细菌。18.specify vt. explain something in an exact and detailed way 详述；具体说明；指明e.g.

1. He didn't specify the matters.

他并没有详细说明是什么事。

2. The details were specified on Page 35.具体⽅法详见（说明书）第35页。

3.The fund was specified to maintain the ancient buildings.该项基⾦被指定为专门从事维修古建筑⽽使⽤。

19.immediate a. existing now and needing urgent action 紧急的；紧迫的e.g.

1. Let’s try and solve the most immediate problem.让我们尽⼒解决最迫切的问题吧。2. There is an immediate danger of war.战争迫在眉睫。

Word family: immediately ad.

20.sane a. someone who is sane is able to think and speak in a reasonable way and to behave normally神智正常的；⼼智健全的e.g.

1. He seems perfectly sane to me.在我看来他⼼智健全。

2. No sane person would want to kill a baby.神智正常的⼈不会去杀⼀个婴⼉。Antonym: insane a.

21.deeply ad. very or very much 强烈地；深刻地；深⼊地e.g.

1. Her lies hurt her father deeply.她的谎⾔强烈地伤害了她的⽗亲。

2. Teachers are deeply divided on this issue.⽼师们在这个问题上分歧很⼤。Word family: deep a. deepen v. depth n.

22.clause n. [C] (legal) a part of a legal document or law that officially states that sth. must be done（法律⽂件的）条款e.g.

1. A confidentiality clause was added to the contract.合同加了⼀条保密条款。

2. Do you have any comment on this clause?对这⼀条款你有什么意见吗？

23.respectful a. feeling or showing respect表⽰尊敬的；恭敬的

e.g.

1. They listened in respectful silence.他们⼀声不吭，都很恭敬地听着。

2. He was always respectful of my independence.他⼀向尊重我的独⽴。Cf: respectable a. 值得尊敬的

e.g. Who is the most respectable economist in China?谁是中国最值得尊敬的经济学家？

24.then and there: immediately at that moment and in that place 当时当地；当即；当场e.g.

1. I loved you right then and there.我就在彼时彼刻，爱上你了。

2. He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作⽅法。

1.Catch-22 is a rule which says that anyone rational enough to want to be grounded cannot be insane and is thereforecapable of returning to flight duty. A “catch-22” situation has become a general phrase to describe a difficult situation fromwhich there is no escape because you need to do one thing before doing a second, and you cannot do the second thingbefore doing the first (“a double bind”–see Activity9-3).第⼆⼗⼆条军规；左右为难；⽆法摆脱的困境

Catch-22是第⼆⼗⼆条军规的意思。“如果你能证明⾃⼰发疯，那就说明你没疯”。当代美语中，Catch-22已作为⼀个独⽴的单词，使⽤频率极⾼，⽤来形容任何⾃相⽭盾、不合逻辑的规定或条件所造成的⽆法摆脱的困境、难以逾越的障碍，表⽰⼈们处于左右为难的境地，或者是⼀件事陷⼊了死循环，或者跌进逻辑陷阱，等等。2. a horrible joke

horrible: (infml.) very bad or unpleasant; used to describe sth. that you do not likeNow translate the following into Chinese:1. horrible weather/children/shoes2. The coffee tasted horrible.

3. I’ve got a horrible feeling she lied to us.3. to be grounded

not to be allowed to fly because you are sick or because you are being punished4. Indian wrestle

It is a form of wrestling in which two opponents, lying side by side on their backs and in opposite directions, lock near armsand raise and lock corresponding legs, with each attempting to force the other’s leg down until one opponent is unable toremain lying flat.5. a close call

A close call is a situation in which you only just manage to avoid an accident or serious event,such as a brush with death.

6. get out of something

avoid doing something that you should do or said you would do7. There was only one catch and that was Catch 22 …

It was a difficult situation that you cannot solve because you need to do one thing in order to do a second thing, but youcannot do the second thing until you have done the first.只有⼀个诡局，那就是第⼆⼗⼆条军规。8.… let out a respectful whistle

Yossarian makes a whistling noise by forcing air through his mouth to show that he is impressed by the catch: That’s somecatch, (note the informal use of some) expresses an opinion about catch-22, that it is large or impressive.(不由得)充满敬意地吹起了⼝哨。

Active reading (2) The story of Anne Frank’s Diary

1.Why do people write diaries?2.What do they usually write about?3.Who usually reads them?

Annelies(Anne) Marie Frank (1929-1945) was born in Frankfurt, Germany; in 1933 her family moved to Armsterdam, Holland; from 1942 to 1944 they hid in a secret annexe with foer other Jews, helped by friends who brought them food.Her familywere betrayed to the Germans and taken to a concentration

camp, where Anne died a few days after the death of her older sister – one of 1.2 million Jewish children who died in theHolocaust.

The Diariy of Anne Frank: Anne always wanted to be a writer. She started the diary after her 13th birthday and continuedwriting for two years. The diary documents her experience of hiding during the Nazi occupation of Holland. When Anneheard that a member of the Dutch government was encouraging the creation of publication later: This means there are twoversions, the original and an edited version.

The Holocaust is the name given to the prganized killing of six mollion Jews and other people by the German Nazigovernment during the Second World War in concentration camps.

A concentration camp was a place where ordinary people were kept as prisoners in terrible conditions during the SecondWorld War by the German Nazi government.

1.underwear n. [U] clothing that you wear next to your skin under your other clothes 内⾐e.g.

1.You just need to take a change of underwear.你只需带⼀套换洗的内⾐。

2. They left off their woollen underwear when the weather got warm.天⽓转暖的时候，他们不再穿⽺⽑内⾐。

2. underwear n. [U] clothing that you wear next to your skin under your other clothes 内⾐e.g.

1.You just need to take a change of underwear.

你只需带⼀套换洗的内⾐。

2. They left off their woollen underwear when the weather got warm.天⽓转暖的时候，他们不再穿⽺⽑内⾐。

3.yogurt n. [C, U] a food made from milk that has become thick and slightly sour, sometimes withfruit added to it 酸乳，酸奶e.g.

1. a pot of strawberry yogurt⼀罐草莓酸奶

2. I prefer to have fat-free yogurt.我还是吃脱脂酸奶吧

4.annexe n. [C] a building that is added to a larger building or built next to it添加的建筑物；附属建筑物

e.g. Some of us will be sleeping in the annexe.我们当中有些⼈要睡在增建的屋⼦的。

5.refugee n. [C] someone who leaves their country, especially during a war or other threatening event（尤指战争中的）难民；避难者

e.g. Refugees were streaming across the border.难民川流不息地涌过边境。Word family: refuge v. & n.

e.g. Residents took refuge from the bombing in the local church.居民们在当地教堂躲避轰炸。

6.emigrate vi. leave your country in order to live in another country 移居外国e.g.

1. She emigrated to Australia as a young man.她年轻时就移居澳⼤利亚。

2. In the present difficult conditions, many people are emigrating from Britain.在⽬前的困难时期，很多⼈正离开英国，移居国外。Word family: emigration n. Antonym:immigrate v. 移居⼊境7.Nazi a. & n.

1) a. of the National Socialist Party of Adolf Hiltler which controlled Germany from 1933 to 1945纳粹党的；国社党的

e.g. The Allies finally smashed the Nazi war machine.同盟国最终粉碎了纳粹的战争机器。

2) n. [C] someone who belonged to the Nazi Party, which was established and led by Adolf Hitlerbetween 1933 and 1945 （德国）纳粹分⼦，国社党

e.g. Nazi closes those war criminals inside their concentration camp.纳粹把那些战犯关在他们的集中营⾥。

8.invade vt. take or send an army into another country in order to get control of it武⼒⼊侵；侵占；侵略e.g.

1. The Romans invaded Britain 2000 years ago.2000年前古罗马⼈⼊侵英国。

2. What if aliens should invade the earth?如果有外星⼈侵袭地球应怎么办？

Word family: invasion n. invasive a. invader n.

9.conceal vt.

1) (fml) hide something so that it cannot be found 藏；隐藏

e.g. Customs officers found the cannabis concealed inside the case.海关发现了藏在⼿提箱⾥的⼤⿇。

2) not tell someone about something, especially because you are ashamed of it or worried about it 掩盖e.g.Don’t try to conceal anything from me!什么事都别想瞒我！Word family: concealment n.10.confine vt.

1) (always passive) if something is confined to one area or group of people, it happens only in that area or affects only thatgroup of people （被动）使局限于e.g.

1. Your boating will mostly be confined to a few hours at weekends.你通常只限于在周末划⼏个⼩时船。

2. Before 1914 divorce was largely confined to the upper classes.1914年以前，离婚主要局限在上层社会范围内。

2) keep or restrict someone or something within certain limits of (space, scope, quantity, or time) ；使局限e.g.

1. He does not confine his message to high politics.他的讲话并不仅局限于偏激的政治见解。2. We confined our study to 10 cases.我们把研究限定在⼗个案例之内。

3) (of a person) be unable to leave (one's bed, home, or a wheelchair) because of illness or disability （⼈）（因疾病、残疾）⽆法离开（床，家，轮椅）

e.g. He had been confined to a wheelchair for some time.他被困在轮椅上已有⼀段时间了。

11.day-to-day a. (only before noun) happening every day as part of your normal life ⽇常的e.g.

1. The manager is responsible for the day-to-day running of the hotel.经理负责酒店的⽇常管理⼯作。

2. These are the day-to-day activities that we have in our day care center.这些就是我们幼⼉园的⽇常活动。12.roughly ad.

1) in a way that is not gentle 粗暴地；粗鲁地

2) used for showing that an amount, number, time etc. is not exact 粗略地；⼤体上；⼤致上e.g.

1. He grabbed her roughly.他粗鲁地抓住她。

2. There were roughly 200 people there.那⼉⼤约有200⼈。Word family: rough a.

13.faraway a. distant in space 遥远的，很远的e.g.

1. She dreamed of flying away to exotic and faraway places.她梦想飞到具有异域风情⽽遥远的地⽅去。

2. The painter lived a life of ease on a faraway island.画家在遥远的岛上过着安逸的⽣活。14. uncivilized a.

1) behaving in a rude or offensive way ⽆礼的；粗鲁的e.g.

1.Some men are often insensitive and behaved in an uncivilized manner.有些男⼠经常感觉迟钝、⾏为不雅。

2. The uncivilized guest chewed with his mouth open.举⽌粗鲁的客⼈张着嘴巴咀嚼着。

2) (of a place or people) not considered to be socially, culturally, or morally advanced未开化的；不⽂明的

e.g. Some say it is wild and uncivilized.有些⼈说这是⼀⽚未开化的蛮荒之地。

15.considerable a. large in size, amount, or degree 相当⼤的；相当多的e.g.

1. We’ve spent a considerable amount of money.我们存了相当⼤的⼀笔钱。

2. Michael has already spent considerable time in Paris.迈克尔在巴黎呆了相当长的时间了。Word family: considerably ad.

16.tranquillity n. [U] a state of peace and quiet 平静；宁静；安静e.g.

1. Such tranquility only exists here on Enchanted Island.这样平静的景象只能存在于魔幻岛。

2. It symbolizes the tranquility, the youth, the nature.它象征宁静、青春、⾃然。

Word family: tranquil a.

e.g. a tranquil village 宁静的村落

17.childish a. behaving in a silly and annoying way, like a small child; silly and immature孩⼦的；孩⼦般的; 幼稚傻⽓的e.g.

1. This is a childish gave. 这是个⼉童游戏。2. That’s a childish idea.那是个幼稚的想法。3. Don’t be childish. 别孩⼦⽓了。

4. He has a childlike love for a circus. 他仍然像个孩⼦似的喜爱马戏团。

18.optimism n. [U] a tendency to be hopeful and to expect that good things will probably happen乐观；乐观主义e.g.

1. Recent results must give some cause for optimism.近来的成绩⼀定会让⼈乐观起来。

2. Optimism made him alive through the hard days.乐观主义使他在艰难的岁⽉⾥活了下来。Word family: optimistic a. 乐观的Antonym: pessimistic a. 悲观的e.g.She is pessimistic about the future.

19.survivor n. [C] someone or something that still exists after an event that could have killed ordestroyed them （灾难性事故中的）幸存者；⽣还者

e.g. Emergency help is needed for survivors of the earthquake.地震的幸存者需要紧急援助。

Word family: survive v.surviving a. survival n.e.g.

1.You need to be tough to survive in the jungle.要在丛林中活下来就要有坚忍不拔的意志。

2. The doctor said he had a fifty-fifty chance of survival.

1.If it's that bad in Holland, what must it be like in those faraway and uncivilized places where theGermans are sending them? We assume that most of them are being murdered.

如果说在荷兰都这么糟，那么在德国⼈送他们去的那些遥远的蛮荒之地⼜会是什么样呢？我们猜想他们中的⼤多数正在被杀害。

2.Our many Jewish friends and acquaintances are being taken away in droves. The Gestapo is treating them very roughlyand transporting them in cattle cars to Westerbork, the big camp in Drenthe to which they’re sending all the Jews…If it’s thatbad in Holland, what must it be like in those faraway and uncivilized places where the Germans are sendingthem?

我们的许多犹太⼈朋友和熟⼈都成群地被带⾛了。盖世太保对他们⾮常粗暴，⽤运牲⼝的拖车把他们运送到德伦特最⼤的集中营威斯特伯克，他们把所有犹太⼈都遣送到那⾥。……如果说在荷兰都这么糟，那么在德国⼈送他们去的那些遥远的蛮荒之地⼜会是什么样呢？

3.The voice that comes across is of a solitary young girl writing for herself, yet at the same time it is the cry of all those

innocent victims of evil whose fate was to suffer in the Second World War. That is why Anne Frank's diary has achieved fameas the voice of the Holocaust in which six million Jews were murdered: She speaks for all of humanity.

它传来的是⼀个孤独少⼥的声⾳，她为⾃⼰写作，但同时也是所有⽆辜受者的呐喊，他们的命运是在第⼆次世界⼤战期间受难。这就是安妮·弗兰克的⽇记被誉为犹太⼈⼤（其间有六百万犹太⼈被杀害）之声的原因：她的话代表了全⼈类的⼼声。

1. What does Anne mean when she says I miss the real thing?

She misses the real world, because they talk about the past, present and future that seems unreal because they know aboutthe death camps, so paradoxically they know they may not have a real future. 2. How did Anne feel about what washappening in the world outside the annexe?

She knows it is very bad for the Jews; she assumes most of them are being murdered, yet somehow she still has some idealsabout a possible future.

3. What is the approaching thunder she refers to?It is the danger of death from the Nazis if they are caught.4. In what sense is Anne the voice of the Holocaust?

It is the voice of a young girl with which we can identify. Her voice represents youth and optimism in the face of the extremedanger and likely death; her voice has been heard for the last 60 years as people all over the world continue to read her diary– it is one of the most famous voices of the Holocaust.

5. What do you learn about Anne from the diary extracts and from the rest of the passage?

She’s youthful and moody, a bit romantic, optimistic and idealistic although she knows the real world of her time is full ofdangers and likely deaths.

1. Word formation:·up- and under-·nou n→verb

2. The time /day will come when+will3. Some expressions with time:·about time·ahead of time·at a time·in no tim e·in your own time·a matter of time

Presenting a country’s role in an internaotional conflict

1.Think of an internaotioanl conflict which has involved a country you know well.2.Carry out research to find out more. Make notes about these and other things·how and why the country became involeved

·the country’s role in the war·how many people lost their lives·how the war ended

·The effects of the war on the country·How it is remembered today

3.Make a presentation of the country’s role in the conflict

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