Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions：For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Education. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension(30 minutes） Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B）, C）and D）. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。
Questions 1 to 2 are based on the new report you have just heard. 1. A) A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters. B) Invasive species are driving away certain native species. C) The Mediterranean is a natural habitat of Devil Fire fish. D) Many people have been attacked by Devil Fire fish. 2. A) It could add to greenhouse emissions. B) It could disrupt the food chains there.
C) It could pose a threat to other marine species. D) It could badly pollute the surrounding waters.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) cars will not be allowed to enter the city.
B) About half of its city center will be closed to cars. C) Buses will be the only vehicles allowed on its streets. D) Pedestrians will have free access to the city. 4. A) The rising air pollution in Paris. B) The worsening global warming. C) The ever-growing cost of petrol. D) The unbearable traffic noise.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. A) Many of his possessions were stolen. B) His house was burnt down in a fire. C) His fishing boat got wrecked on a rock. D) His good luck charm sank into the sea. 6.A) Change his fishing locations. B) Find a job in a travel agency.
C) Spend a few nights on a small island. D) Sell the pearl he had kept for years.
7. A) A New Year museum has the world’s biggest pearl. B) The largest pearl in the world weighs 14 pounds. C) His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable. D) His pearl could be displayed in a museum. Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center. Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. A) It boasts a fairly long history. C) It has 75 offices around the world. B) It produces construction materials. D) It has over 50 business partners. 9. A) It has about 50 employees. C) It has a family business. B) It was started by his father. D) It is over 100 years old. 10. A) Shortage of raw material supply. C) Outdated product design. B) Legal disputes in many countries. D) Loss of competitive edge. 11. A) Conducting a financial analysis for it. B) Providing training for its staff members. C) Seeking new ways to increase its exports. D) Introducing innovative marketing strategies.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 12. A) She is a real expert at house decorations. B) She is well informed about the design business. C) She is attracted by the color of the sitting room. D) She is really impressed by the man’s house.
13. A) From his younger brother Greg. C) From a construction businessman. B) From home design magazines. D) From a professional interior designer. 14. A) The effort was worthwhile. C) The cost was affordable. B) The style was fashionable. D) The effect was unexpected. 15. A) She’d like him to talk with Jonathan about a new project. B) She wants him to share his renovation experience with her. C) She wants to discuss the house decoration budget with him. D) She’d like to show him around her newly-renovated house. Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. A) Providing routine care for small children. B) Paying hospital bills for emergency cases.
C) Doing research on ear, nose and throat diseases. D) Removing objects from patients’ noses and ears.
17. A) Many children like to smell things they find or play with. B) Many children like to put foreign objects in their mouths.
C) Five-to nine-year-old are the most likely to put things in their ears. D) Children aged one to four are often more curious than older children.
18. A) They tend to act out of impulse. C) They are unaware of the potential risks. B) They want to attract attentions. D) They are curious about these body parts. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A) It paid for her English lessons. C) It delivered her daily necessities.
B) It gave her a used bicycle. D) It provided her with physical therapy. 20. A) Expanding bike-riding lessons. C) Providing free public transport. B) Asking local people for donations. D) Offering walking tours to visitors. 21.A) It is a language school B) It is a charity organization
C) It is a counseling center. D) It is a sports club. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 22. A) How mice imitate human behavior in space. B) How low gravity affects the human body. C) How mice interact in a new environment. D) How animals deal with lack of gravity.
23. A) They were not used to the low-gravity environment. B) They found it difficult to figure out where they were. C) They found the space in the cage too small to stay in. D) They were not sensitive to the changed environment.
24. A) They tried everything possible to escape from the cage. B) They continued to behave as they did in the beginning. C) They already felt at home in the new environment. D) They had found a lot more activities to engage in. 25. A) They repeated their activities every day. B) They behaved as if they were on Earth. C) They begin to eat less after some time. D) They changed their routines in space.
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ton blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter: Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
When my son completes a task, I can’t help but praise him. It’s only natural to give praise where praise is due, right? But is there such a thing as too much praise? According to psychologist Katherine Phillip, children don’t benefit from 26 praise as much as we’d like to think. “Parents often praise, believing they are building their child’s self-confidence. However, over-praising can have a 27 effect,” says Phillip. “When we use the same praise 28 , it may become empty and no longer valued by the child. It can also become an expectation that anything they do must be 29 with praise. This may lead to the child avoiding taking risks due to fear of 30 their parents.”
Does this mean we should do away with all the praise? Phillip says no, “The key to healthy praise is to focus on the process rather than the 31 it is the recognition of a child’s attempt, or the process in which they achieved something, that is essential,” she says, “Parents should encourage their child to take the risks needed to learn and grow.”
So how do we break the 32 of praise we’re all so accustomed to? Phillip says it’s important to 33 between “person praise” and “process praise”. “Person praise is 34 saying how great someone is. It’s a form of personal approval. Process praise is acknowledgement of the efforts the person has just 35 . Children who receive person praise are more likely to feel shame after losing,” says Phillip.
A) choose F) experienced K) repeatedly B) constant G) negative L) rewarded C) disappointing H) outcome M) separately D) distinguish I ) pattern N) simply E) exhausting J) plural O) undertaken
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Poverty is a story about us, not them
A) Too often still, we think we know what poverty looks like. It's the way we've been taught, the imagers we’ve been force-fed for decades. The chronically homeless, the undocumented immigrant, the urban poor, usually personified as a woman of color, the “welfare queen” politicians still too often reference. B) But as income inequality rises to record levels in the United States, even in the midst of a record economic expansion, those familiar images are outdated, hurtful, and counterproductive to focusing attention on solutions and building ladders of opportunity.
C) Today's faces of income inequality and lack of opportunity look like all of us. It's Anna Landre, a disabled Georgetown University student fighting to keep health benefits that allow her the freedom to live her life. It's Tiffanie Standard, a counselor for young women of color in Philadelphia who want to be tech entrepreneurs - but who must work multiple jobs to stay afloat. It's Ken Outlaw, a welder in rural North Carolina whose dream of going back to school at a local community college was dashed by Hurricane Florence - just one of the extreme weather events that have tipped the balance for struggling Americans across the nation.
D) If these are the central characters of our story about poverty, what layers of perceptions, myths, and realities must we unearth to find meaningful solutions and support? In pursuit of revealing this complicated reality, Mothering Justice, led by women of color, went last year to the state capital in Lansing, Michigan, to lobby on issues that affect working mothers. One of the Mothering Justice organizers went to the office of a state representative to talk about the lack of affordable childcare - the vestiges (痕迹) of a system that expected mothers to stay home with their children while their husbands worked. A legislative staffer dismissed the activist’s concerns, telling her “my husband took care of that - I stayed home”.
E) That comment, says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson, “was meant to shame” and relied on the familiar trope that a woman of color concerned about income inequality and programs that promote mobility must by definition be a single mum, probably with multiple kids. In this case, Mothering Justice activist happened to be married. And in most cases in the America of 2019, the images that come to mind when we hear the words poverty or income inequality fail miserably in reflecting a complicated reality: poverty touches virtually all of us. The face of income inequality, for all but a very few of us, is the one we each see in the mirror.
F) How many of us are poor in the U.S.? It depends on who you ask. According to the Census Bureau, 38 million people in the U.S. are living below the official poverty thresholds. Taking into account economic need beyond that absolute measure, the Institute for Policy Studies found that 140 million people are poor or low-income. That’s almost half the U.S. population.
G) Whatever the measure, within that massive group, poverty is extremely diverse. We know that some people are more affected than others, like children, the elderly, people with disabilities, and people of color. H) But the fact that 4 in 10 Americans can’t come up with $400 in an emergency is a commonly cited statistic for good reason: economic instability stretches across race, gender, and geography. It even reaches into the middle classes, as real wages have stagnated (不增长) for all but the very wealthy and temporary spells of financial instability are not uncommon.
I) Negative images remain of who is living in poverty as well as what is needed to move out of it. The big American myth is that you can pull yourself up by your own effort and change a bad situation into a good one. The reality is that finding opportunity without help from families, friends, schools, and community is virtually impossible. And the playing field is nothing close to level.
J) The Frame Works Institute, a research group that focuses on public framing of issues, has studied what sustains stereotypes and narratives of poverty in the United Kingdom. “People view economic success and wellbeing in life as a product of choice, willpower, drive, grit, and gumption,” says Nat Kendall-Taylor, CEO of Frame Works. “When we see people who are struggling,” he says, those assumptions “lead us to the perception that people in poverty are lazy, they don’t care, and they haven’t made the right decisions.”
K) Does this sound familiar? Similar ideas surround poverty in the U.S. And these assumptions wreak havoc on reality. “When people enter into that pattern of thinking,” says Kendall-Taylor, “it’s cognitively comfortable to make sense of issues of poverty in that way. It creates a kind of cognitive blindness — all of the factors external to a person’s drive and choices that they’ve made become invisible and fade from view.” L) Those external factors include the difficulties accompanying low-wage work of structural discrimination based on race, gender, or ability. Assumptions get worse when people who are poor use government benefits to help them survive. There is a great tension between “the poor” and those who are receiving what has become a dirty word: “welfare.”
M) According to the General Social Survey. 71 percent of respondents believe the country is spending too little on “assistance to the poor.” On the other hand, 22 percent think we are spending too little on \"welfare\". 37 percent believe we are spending too much.
N) “Poverty has been interchangeable with people of color -- specifically black women and black mothers,” says Atkinson of Mothering Justice. It’s true that black mothers are more affected by poverty than many other groups, yet they are disproportionately the face of poverty. For example, Americans routinely overestimate the share of black recipients of public assistance programs.
O) In reality, most people will experience some form of financial hardship at some point in their lives. Indeed, people tend to dip in and out of poverty, perhaps due to unexpected obstacles like losing a job, or when hours of a low-wage job fluctuate.
P) Something each of us can do is to treat each other with the dignity and sympathy that is deserved and to understand deeply that the issue of poverty touches all of us.
36. One legislative staffer assumed that a woman of color who advocated affordable childcare must be a single mother.
37. People from different races, genders, and regions all suffer from a lack of financial security.
38. According to a survey, while the majority believe too little assistance is given to the poor, more than a third believe too much is spent on welfare.
39. A research group has found that Americans who are struggling are thought to be lazy and to have made the wrong decisions.
40. Under the old system in America, a mother was supposed to stay home and take care of her children.
41. The Institute found that nearly 50% of Americans are poor or receive low pay. 42. American usually overestimate the number of blacks receiving welfare benefits.
43. It is impossible for Americans to lift themselves out of poverty entirely on their owns. 44. Nowadays, it seems none of us can get away from income inequality.
45. Assumptions about poor people become even more negative when they live on welfare. Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Boredom has, paradoxically, become quite interesting to academics lately. In early May, London’s Boring Conference celebrated seven years of delighting in dullness. At this event, people flocked to talks
about weather, traffic jams and vending-machine sounds, among other sleep-inducing topics.
What, exactly, is everybody studying? One widely accepted definition of boredom is \"the distasteful experience of wanting, but being unable to engage in satisfying activity.” But how can you quantify a person's boredom level and compare it with someone else’s? In 1986, psychologists introduced the Boredom Proneness Scale, designed to measure an individual’s overall tendency to feel bored. By contrast, the Multidimensional State Boredom scale, developed in 2008, measures a person's feelings of boredom in a given situation.
Boredom has been linked to behavior issues including inattentive driving, mindless snacking, excessive drinking, and addictive gambling. In fact, many of us would choose pain over boredom. One team of psychologists discovered that two-thirds of men and a quarter of women would rather self-administer electric shocks than sit alone with their thoughts for 15 minutes. Researching this phenomenon, another team asked volunteers to watch boring, sad, or neutral films, during which they could self-administer electric shocks. The bored volunteers shocked themselves more and harder than the sad or neutral ones did.
But boredom isn't all bad. By encouraging self-reflection and daydreaming, it can spur activity. An early study gave participants abundant time to complete problem-solving and word-association exercises. Once all the obvious answers were exhausted, participants gave more and more incentive answers to combat boredom. A British study took these findings one step further, asking subjects to complete a creative challenge (coming up with a list of alternative uses for a household item). One group of subjects did a boring activity first, while the others went straight to the creative task. Those whose boredom pumps had been primed were more productive.
In our always-connected world, boredom may be a hard-to-define state, but it is a fertile one. Watch paint dry or water boil, or at least put away your smart phone for a while, and you might unlock your next big idea.
46. When are people likely to experience boredom, according to an accepted psychological definition? A) When they don’t have the chance to do what they want. B) When they don’t enjoy the materials they are studying. C) When they experience something unpleasant. D) When they engage in some routine activities. 47. What does the author say boredom can lead to?
A) Determination B) Mental deterioration C) Concentration D) Harmful conduct
48. What is the findings of one team of psychologists in their experiment? A) Volunteers prefer watching a boring movie to sitting alone deliberating. B) Many volunteers choose to hurt themselves rather than endure boredom. C) Male volunteers are more immune to the effects of boredom than females. D) Many volunteers are unable to resist boredom longer than fifteen minutes. 49. Why does the author say boredom isn’t all bad? A) It stimulates memorization.
B) It may promote creative thinking. C) It allows time for relaxation.
D) It may facilitate independent learning.
50. What does the author suggests one do when faced with a challenging problem? A) Stop idling and think big. B) Unlock one’s smartphone.
C) Look around oneself for stimulation. D) Allow oneself some time to be bored. Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Forests in countries like Brazil and the Congo get a lot of attention from environmentalists, and it is easy to see why. South America and sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing deforestation on an enormous scale: every year almost 5 million hectares are lost. But forests are also changing in rich Western countries. They are growing larger, both in the sense that they occupy more and that the trees in them and bigger. What is going on?
Forests are spreading in almost all Western countries, with fastest growth in places that historically had rather few tress. In 1990 28% of Spain was forested; now the proportion is 37%. In both Greece and Italy, the growth was from 26% to 32% over the same period. Forests are gradually taking more and in America and Australia. Perhaps most astonishing is the trend in Ireland. Roughly 1% of that country was forested when it became independent in 1922. Forests cover 11% of the land, and the government wants to push the proportion to 18% by the 2040s.
Two things are fertilizing this growth. The first is the abandonment of farmland, especially in high, dry places where nothing grows terribly well. When farmers give up trying to earn a living from farming or herding trees simply move in. The second is government policy and subsidy. Throughout history, governments have protected and promoted forests for diverse reasons, ranging from the need for wooden warships to a desire to promote suburban house-building. Nowadays forests are increasingly welcome because they suck in carbon pollution from the air. The justifications change; the desire for more trees remains constant.
The greening of the West does not delight everyone. Farmers complain that land is being taken out of use by generously subsidized tree plantations. Parts of Spain and Portugal suffer from terrible forest fires. Others simply dislike the appearance of forests planted in neat rows. They will have to get used to the trees, however. The growth of Western forests seems almost as unstoppable as deforestation elsewhere. 51. What is catching environmentalists’ attention nowadays? A) Rich countries are stripping poor ones of their resources. B) Forests are fast shrinking in many developing countries. C) Forests are eating away the fertile farmland worldwide. D) Rich countries are doing little to address deforestation. 52. Which countries have the fastest forest growth? A) Those that have newly achieved independence. B) Those that at have the greatest demand for timber C) Those that used to have the lowest forest coverage. D) Those that provide enormous government subsidies. 53. What has encouraged forest growth historically?
A) The government’s advocacy. B) The use of wood for fuel. C) The favorable climate. D) The green movement. 54. What account for our increasing desire for forests? A) Their unique scenic beauty. B) Their use as fruit plantation.
C) Their capability of improving air quality. D) Their stable supply of building materials.
55. What does the author conclude about the prospects of forestation? A) Deserts in sub-Saharan Africa will diminish gradually.
B) It will play a more and more important role in people’s lives.
C) Forest destruction in the developing world will quickly slow down. D) Developed and developing countries are moving in opposite direction. Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions：For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You
should write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.
鱼是春节前夕餐桌上不可或缺的一道菜，因为汉语中“鱼”字的发音与“余”字的发音相同。正由于这个象征性的意义，春节期间鱼也作为礼物送给亲戚朋友。鱼的象征意义据说源于中国传统文化。中国人有节省的传统，他们认为节省得愈多，就感到愈为安全。今天，尽管人们愈来愈富裕了，但他们仍然认为节省是一种值得弘扬的美德。
答案及解析 Part I
Changes in the way of communication
As the internet is developing so rapidly, the way of communication keeps changing surprisingly. New applications on communication and new social skills emerge abundantly, contributing to the fact that people’ s lifestyle has been changed substantially as well.
The changes in the way of communication can be listed as follows. First of all, people used to prefer talking to each other face to face. However, with social networking applications becoming increasingly popular, people are gradually used to communicating with others online. Moreover, making telephone calls, though expensive and inconvenient, was one of the most important ways to keep in touch with those far away. At present, with the popularization of social networking apps, the cost of texting or calling friends and relatives is much cheaper than before. Besides, internet slang is more commonly used in people’ s daily life.
From my perspective, we should not easily judge people’s ways of communication, whether they prefer face-to-face communication or they would like to contact people via virtual world, if only the efficiency of communication would not be affected adversely.
Changes in the Way of Education
Along with the advent of the digital era, great changes have taken place in every aspect of our life, among which, the way of education turns out to be the most typical one.
In the past, students used to receive education only in traditional classes, following the orders of teachers, finishing the printed homework and taking part in examinations. If they were confused with something, the only solution was to seek help from the teachers or classmates. However, thanks to the advancement of science and technology, things have changed radically. In this day and age, the popularity of online courses has revolutionized the way students learn. Students can easily gain information, learn knowledge, and even participate tests independently with the help of various resources and applications, which has enhanced the learning efficiency and provided much convenience to students.
Indeed, the changes in the way of education are absolutely good signs. Yet, we should also notice that traditional ways will certainly not disappear. In this case, how to best combine the online and traditional ways of education is a concern for everyone.
Changes in the Way of Transportation
Advanced science and technology afford the remarkable improvement of people’s living standards, which mirrors changes in the way of transportation. As we all know, China in the last century was called “the country on bicycle”, and as time goes by, our current way of transportation has been revolutionized at all.
Many new means of transport can be found easily in our daily life. As for transportation in the cities, cycling is still citizens’ favorite way to deal with their short trip, so the shared bicycle is prevailing and replaces the traditional bike to some extent. While, the traditional bikes gradually feature physical training or performance (such as BMX, Fixed Gear). When it comes to traveling between the cities, passengers in mounting numbers prefer the high-speed train than ordinary train or flight, thanks to China’s advanced construction of railways.
Above all, taking a personal example, these two decades have witnessed the traffic updates in my hometown that there are over 8 subway lines serving, and dozens are in planning and building. Indeed, it is my honor to see our country’s prosperity in transportation.
Part II Section A
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. A) A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters. B) Invasive species are driving away certain native species. C) The Mediterranean is a natural habitat of Devil Fire fish. D) Many people have been attacked by Devil Fire fish.
答案：A) A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.
解析：主旨题。无障碍项。简单。考点：所听即所得，选项中关键词“fish” “Mediterranean”在原文第一句话中重现，学员只需认知认真收听即可选择。 2. A) It could add to greenhouse emissions. B) It could disrupt the food chains there.
C) It could pose a threat to other marine species. D) It could badly pollute the surrounding waters.
答案：C) It could pose a threat to other marine species. 解析：细节题。同义替换后C选项符合句意。适中。
考点：在选项分析时，发现各选项中均含有负面词，如上文横线处，即可预判这里讨论的是一个会导致负面影响的“东西”，听音频时注意负面词出现后就会出现关键答案。原文中会听到“pain and stop people breathing”等负面词，后面就出现了关键答案”environmentalists fear its arrival could endanger other types of marine life”.
原文：①A poisonous fish which has a sting strong enough to kill a human is invading the Mediterranean, warn scientists. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature has raised concerns after the poisonous fish was spotted in the waters around Turkey, Cyprus and the eastern Mediterranean. Native to the South Pacific and Indian Ocean, the potentially deadly fish has poisonous hooks - a painful sting capable of killing people. Although fatalities are rare, the stings can cause extreme pain and stop people breathing. The fish often known as Devil Firefish is a highly invasive species. ②And environmentalists fear its arrival could endanger other types of marine life. After being spotted in the Mediterranean, a marine scientist says the fish is spreading, and that’s a cause for concern.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) cars will not be allowed to enter the city.
B) About half of its city center will be closed to cars. C) Buses will be the only vehicles allowed on its streets. D) Pedestrians will have free access to the city.
答案：B) About half of its city center will be closed to cars
解析：细节题。同义替换。简单。原文第一句就是“Almost half the center of Paris will be accessible only by foot or bicycle this Sunday”，根据关键词 “About half of its city center 字体统一”也可以推导出答案。 4. A) The rising air pollution in Paris. B) The worsening global warming. C) The ever-growing cost of petrol. D) The unbearable traffic noises.
答案：A) The rising air pollution in Paris.
解析：细节。简单。所听即所得。根据选项中均包含负面词，可以得知本题考察的是交通与环境污染之间的关系。根据每个选项的关键词，可以发现只有“air pollution”在原文出现，所听即所得。(原文：This is in response to rising air pollution that made Paris the most polluted city in the world for a brief time.)
原文：③Almost half the center of Paris will be accessible only by foot or bicycle this Sunday to mark World Car Free Day.④This is in response to rising air pollution that made Paris the most polluted city in the world for a brief time.
Mayor Anne Hidalgo promoted the first World Car Free Day last year. Hidalgo also has supported a Paris Breathe Day. On the first Sunday of every month, Paris clears traffic from eight lanes of the main road. About 400 miles of streets will be closed to cars. It is expected to bring significant reduction in pollution levels. Last year’s Car Free Day showed a 40% drop in pollution levels in some parts of the city. According to an independent air pollution monitor, reports the Guardian. And sound levels dropped by 50%in the city center.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. A) Many of his possessions were stolen. B) His house was burnt down in a fire.
C) His fishing boat got wrecked on a rock. D) His good luck charm sank into the sea. 答案：B) His house was burnt down in a fire.
解析：细节题。所听即所得。根据选项关键词搜索，只有“house fire”对应B选项内容。D 选项为障碍项，原文中未出现“sea”,因此不可以选。(原文：A Philippine fisherman was feeling down on his luck when a house fire forced him to clear out his possessions and change locations.) 6. A) Change his fishing locations. B) Find a job in a travel agency.
C) Spend a few nights on a small island. D) Sell the pearl he had kept for years.
答案：D) Sell the pearl he had kept for years.
解析：细节题。关键词“pearl”在原文中至少出现3词，一个关键词反复出现，可以作为讨论中心和讨论核心。(第二段首句：…forced to sell it)
7. A) A New Year museum has the world’s biggest pearl. B) The largest pearl in the world weighs 14 pounds. C) His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable. D) His pearl could be displayed in a museum.
答案：C) His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.
解析：解析题目内容，分析。难。本题需要听到题干问题是“tourist agent”相关内容，因此听到原文播放到““tourist agent””后，就会出现答案，“giant pearl that he had kept hidden in his rundown wooden house was the biggest pearl in the world, which was valued at £76 million.”同学们可能听不懂内容，但听到76million这样的大数字，可以猜测，某个东西非常贵，对应extremely valuable，C选项。
原文：⑤A Philippine fisherman was feeling down on his luck when a house fire forced him to clear out his possessions and change locations. Then a good luck charm that he had kept under his bed, changed his life. ⑥The unidentified man had fished out a giant pearl from the ocean when his anchor got stuck on the rock while sailing of a coastal island in the Philippine 10 years ago. When he was forced to sell it, ⑦the shocked tourist agent at Puerto Princesa told him that the 77-pound giant pearl that he had kept hidden in his rundown wooden house, was the biggest pearl in the world, which was valued at ￡76 million.
The Pearl of Allah, which is currently on display in a New York museum, only weighs 14 pounds. That is 5 times smaller than the pearl that the fisherman just handed in. The monstrous pearl measured at 1 foot wide and 2.2 feet long is going to be verified by local experts and international authorities before hopefully going on display to attract more tourists in the little town. Section B
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. A) It boasts a fairly long history. C) It has 75 offices around the world. B) It produces construction materials. D) It has over 50 business partners. 答案：A) It boasts a fairly long history.
解析：细节题。简单。对话题主要是男女对话，关注男女对话中回答一方的主要信息。根据选项内容分析，it指代的应该是“公司”相关的内容，第二轮对话中讲到有“75 years of history”，对应A 选项中悠久历史比较合适。
9. A) It has about 50 employees. C) It has a family business. B) It was started by his father. D) It is over 100 years old. 答案：C) It is a family business.
解析：细节题。所听即所得。 这里的it根据分析应该依然说的是“公司”。根据男性说话人提供的信息，这是一个“family business”在原文中出现，所以C选项合适。 10. A) Shortage of raw material supply. C) Outdated product design. B) Legal disputes in many countries. D) Loss of competitive edge. 答案：D) Loss of competitive edge. 解析：细节题。根据选项间的分析，本题问的应该是一个负面话题。因为选项中大部分设计负面词汇。在音频原文中，听到“challenge”后听到男性说话人原文重现D选项。 11. A) Conducting a financial analysis for it. B) Providing training for its staff members.
C) Seeking new ways to increase its exports. D) Introducing innovative marketing strategies. 答案：A) Conducting a financial analysis for it. 解析：细节题。简单。原文重现。所听即所得。 原文：Conversation 1
W: Mr. Smith, It’s a pleasure meeting you!
M: Nice to meet you, too. What can I do for you?
W: Well, I’m here to show you what our firm can do for you. Astro Consultants has branches in over fifty countries, offering different business services. We’re a global company with 75 years of history. And our clients include some of the world’s largest companies.
M: Thank you, Mrs. Houston. I know Astro Consultants is a famous company. But you said you would show me what you could do for me. Well. What exactly can your firm do for my company?
W: We advise businesses on all matters, from market analysis to legal issues. Anything a business like yours could meet. Our firm offers expert advice. Could I ask you, Mr. Smith, to tell me a little about your company and the challenges you face? That way, I could better respond as to how we can help you.
M: OK, sure. This is a family business started by my grandfather in 1950. We employ just over 100 people. We manufacture an export stone for buildings and other constructions. Our clients usually want a special kind of stone cut in a special design. And that’s what we do in our factory. Our main challenge is that our national currency is rising, and we’re losing competitive advantages to stone produces in India.
W: I see. That’s very interesting. I will suggest that you let us first conduct a financial analysis of your company, together with the analysis of your competitors in India. That way, we could offer the best advice on different ways forward for you.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 12. A) She is a real expert at house decorations. B) She is well informed about the design business. C) She is attracted by the color of the sitting room. D) She is really impressed by the man’s house.
答案：D) She is really impressed by the man’s house.
解析：细节题。同义替换。题目四个选项均为“she”开头，暗示可以重视听女生说话的内容，原文第一句便是答案“The place looks absolutely amazing!” 同义替换女性被某处深深吸引，与D选项相符。 13. A) From his younger brother Greg. C) From a construction businessman. B) From home design magazines. D) From a professional interior designer. 答案：B) From home design magazines.
解析：细节题。所听即所得。通过选项中有男性暗示词“his”等，可以判断此题重点听男性说话人提供的信息。除此以外四个选项均为“from sth”结构，可以猜到这是问某物的出处。对应女性问题：“where...”. 然后男性说到“ I’ve been regularly buying home design magazines.”对应B选项。 14. A) The effort was worthwhile. C) The cost was affordable. B) The style was fashionable. D) The effect was unexpected. 答案：C) The cost was affordable.
解析：观点态度题。所听即所得。通过选择中包含的四个不同的形容词，可以判断此题应该问的是男性或女性对房子的看法。原文中出现“affordable”，对应C选项。 15. A) She’d like him to talk with Jonathan about a new project. B) She wants him to share his renovation experience with her. C) She wants to discuss the house decoration budget with him. D) She’d like to show him around her newly-renovated house.
答案：B) She wants him to share his renovation experience with her.
解析：总结性题。难。选项中均为she开头的句子，暗示主要听女性说的内容。在文章结尾处，原文出现了重现词“renovating our sitting room”。结合最后一句话“we’d love to get some inspiration from your experience. Are you free to come over for a coffee early next week”，得知，需要学习一些男性的经验，所以选择B。
原文：Conversation 2
W: Wow, congratulations, Simon! The place looks absolutely amazing! M: Really? You think so?
W: Of course. I love it. It looks like you had a professional interior designer. But you didn’t, did you?
M: No. I did it all by myself with a little help from my brother, Greg. He’s actually in the construction business, which was really helpful.
W: Honestly, I’m impressed! I know I can probably repaint the walls in my house over a weekend or something, but not a full renovation. Where did you get your ideas? I wouldn’t know where to start.
M: Well, for a while now, I’ve been regularly buying home design magazines. Every now and then, I’d saved the pictures I liked. Believe it or not, I have a full notebook of magazine pages. Since by overall style was quite minimal, I thought and hoped a whole renovation wouldn’t be too difficult. And sure enough, with Greg’s help, it was very achievable.
W: Wasn’t it expensive? I have imagined a project like this could be.
M: Actually, it was surprisingly affordable. I managed to sell a lot of my old furniture and put that extra money towards the new material. Greg was also able to get some discount materials from a recent project he was working on as well.
W: Great! If you don’t mind, I’d like to pick your brain a bit more. Johansson and I are thinking of renovating our sitting room, not the whole house, not yet anyway. And we’d love to get some inspiration from your experience. Are you free to come over for a coffee early next week? Section C
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. A) Providing routine care for small children. B) Paying hospital bills for emergency cases.
C) Doing research on ear, nose and throat diseases. D) Removing objects from patients’ noses and ears.
答案：D) Removing objects from patients noses and ears 解析：细节题。简单，所听即所得，原文第一句。
17. A) Many children like to smell things they find or play with. B) Many children like to put foreign objects in their mouths.
C) Five-to nine-year-old are the most likely to put things in their ears. D) Children aged one to four are often more curious than older children. 答案：C) Five-to nine-year-old are the most likely to put things in their ears
解析：细节题。难。需结合题干问题关键词“England’s Hospital Episode Statistics”，才能判断正确选项。需要学生有做笔记能力。
18. A) They tend to act out of impulse. C) They are unaware of the potential risks. B) They want to attract attentions. D) They are curious about these body parts. 答案：D)They are curious about these body parts
解析：总结性题。难。本题题点原文出现过一次“curiosity”，与D选项相符，但是关键词就一个词，太短，同学们很难捕捉;那么就需要听懂curiosity 后的内容，来辅助选择。 原文：Passage One
Removing foreign objects from ears and noses costs England almost £3m a year, a study suggests. Children were responsible for the vast majority of cases - 95% of objects removed from noses and 85% from ears. Every year, an average of 1,218 nose and 2,479 ear removals took place between 2010 and 2016. According to England’s Hospital Episode Statistics, children aged one to four were the most likely to need help from doctors for a foreign object in their nose. Five to nine years old come to the hospital with something in their ear the most. Jewelry items accounted for up to 40% of cases in both the ears and noses of children. Paper and plastic toys were the items removed next most from noses. Cotton buds and pencils were
also found in ears.
According to the study, the occurrence of foreign objects in children is generally attributed to curiosity. Children have an impulse to explore their noses and ears. This results in the accidental entry of foreign objects. Any ear, nose and throat surgeon have many weird stories about wonderful objects found in the noses and ears of children and adults. Batteries can pose a particular danger. In all cases, prevention is better than cure. This is why many toys contain warnings about small parts. Recognizing problems early and seeking medical attention is important.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A) It paid for her English lessons. C) It delivered her daily necessities.
B) It gave her a used bicycle. D) It provided her with physical therapy. 答案：B) It gave her a used bicycle
解析：细节题。关键词 bicycle反复出现，其他词汇未出现。
20. A) Expanding bike-riding lessons. C) Providing free public transport. B) Asking local people for donations. D) Offering walking tours to visitors. 答案：A) Expanding bike-riding lessons
解析：细节题。所听即所得，紧跟在第一题答案后出现。
21.A) It is a language school B) It is a charity organization C) It is a counseling center. D) It is a sports club. 答案：B) It is a charity organization
解析：主旨题。难。本题需要考生理解关键句子“please come join us at ReBicycle and make a difference in someone’s life”,帮助他人，因此是慈善组织。 原文：Passage Two
Good morning, I’d like to talk to you about my charity ReBicycle. But before that, let me introduce someone. This is Leila Rahimi. She was so scared when she first moved to New Zealand that she struggled to leave the house and would spend days working up the courage to walk to the supermarket for basic supplies. After a few months of being quite down and unhappy, she was invited to join a local bike club. At this time, ReBicycle got involved and gave Leila a second-hand bicycle. In weeks, her depression had begun to ease as she cycled. The bicycle totally changed her life, giving her hope and a true feeling of freedom.
To date, ReBicycle has donated more than 200 bikes to those in need, and is now expanding bike-riding lessons as demand soars. With a bike, you can travel farther but for almost no cost. The three hours a day that used to spend on walking to and from English language lessons has been reduced to just one hour. Our bike-riding lessons are so successful that we are urgently looking for more volunteers. Learning to ride a bike is almost always more difficult as an adult, and this can take days and weeks, rather than hours. So, if any of you have some free time during the weekend, please come join us at ReBicycle and make a difference in someone’s life.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 22. A) How mice imitate human behavior in space. B) How low gravity affects the human body. C) How mice interact in a new environment. D) How animals deal with lack of gravity.
答案：D) How animals deal with lack of gravity.
解析：主旨题。所听即所得，在原文第一第二句中出现关键词“lack of gravity”/low gravity两次，因此选择D。
23. A) They were not used to the low-gravity environment. B) They found it difficult to figure out where they were. C) They found the space in the cage too small to stay in.
D) They were not sensitive to the changed environment.
答案：A) They were not use to the low-gravity environment.
解析：细节题。难。本题需要听懂老鼠们先感到不适，然后又适应的过程描述。因此排除法D不对;B与C选项意义与原文内容意义不对等，排除，所以选A。 24. A) They tried everything possible to escape from the cage. B) They continued to behave as they did in the beginning. C) They already felt at home in the new environment. D) They had found a lot more activities to engage in.
答案：C) They already felt at home in the new environment.
解析：细节题。同义替换。原文“the mice are not just dealing with the gravity change but actually seem to be enjoying it”，不仅适应，而且享受，说明他们已经非常使用新环境。 25. A) They repeated their activities every day. B) They behaved as if they were on Earth. C) They begin to eat less after some time. D) They changed their routines in space.
答案：B) They behaved as if they were on Earth.
解析：细节题。24题与25题关联性很大，两者都是说老鼠已经适应了环境，并且就跟在地球上一样。 原文：Passage Three
Thanks to the International Space Station we know quite a bit about the effects of low gravity on the human body, but NASA scientists want to learn more. To that end, they have been studying how other species deal with low gravity, specifically focusing on mice (22). The results are both interesting and humorous.
The scientists first send some mice in a specially designed cage to the International Space Station. The cage allowed them to study the behavior of the mice remotely from Earth via video. As you noticed in the video, the mice definitely seem uncomfortable at the beginning of the experiment. They move around clumsily, drifting within the small confines of the cage and do their best to figure out which way is up, but without success. (23) However, it’s not long before the mice begin to catch on. They adapt remarkably well to their new environment and even using the lack of gravity to their advantage as they push themselves around the cage.
That’s when things really get wild. The 11th day of the experiment shows the mice are not just dealing with the gravity change but actually seem to be enjoying it. (24) Several of the mice are observed running around the cage walls.
The scientists wanted to see whether the mice would continue doing the same kinds of activities they were observed doing on Earth. The study showed that the mice kept much of their routines intact, including cleaning themselves and eating when hungry. (25)
Part III Section A
（第1套）答案：
26.B 27.G 28.K 29.L 30.C 31.H 32.I 33.D 34.N 35.O （第2套）
The things people make, and the way they make them, determine how cities grow and decline, and influence how empires rise and fall. So, any disruption to the world’ s factories 26 .
And that disruption is surely coming. Factories are being digitized, filled with new sensors and new computers to make them quicker, more 27 , and more efficient.
Robots are breaking free from the cages that surround them, learning new sill, and new ways of working. And 3D printers have long 28 a world where you can make anything, any-where, from a computerized
design. That vision is 29 closer to reality. These forces will lead to cleaner factories, producing better goods at lower prices, personalized to our individual needs and desires. Humans will be 30 many of the dirty, repetitive, and dangerous jobs that have long been a 31 of factory life.
Greater efficiency 32 means fewer people can do the same work. Yet factory bosses in many developed countries are worried about a lack of skilled human workers -and see 33 and robots as a solution.
But economist Helena Leurent says this period of rapid change in manufacturing is a 34 opportunity to make the world a better place. “Manufacturing is the one system where you have got the biggest source of innovation, the biggest source of economic growth, and the biggest source of great jobs in the past.” You can see it changing. That’s an opportunity to 35 that system differently and if we can, it will have enormous significance.” 26. K) matters 27. G) flexible 28. M) promised 29. L) moving 30. O) spared 31. F) feature 32. H) inevitably 33. A) automation 34. D) fantastic 35. N) shape
Section A（第3套）
Trust is fundamental to lie. If you cannot trust in anything, life becomes intolerable a constant battle against paranoia and looming disaster. You can’t have relationships without trust ,let alone good ones. Intimacy depends on it. I suspect more marriages are wrecked by lack of trust than by actual infidelity. The partner who can’t trust the other not to betray him or her will either drive them away or force them into some real or assumed act of faithlessness.
In the workplace too, trust is essential. An organization without trust will be full of back stabbing, fear and paranoid suspicion. If you work for a boss who doesn’t trust her people to do things right, you’ll have a miserable time of it. She ‘ll be checking up on you all the time, correcting \"mistakes\" and \"oversights\" and constantly reminding you to do this or that. Colleagues who don’t trust one another will need to spend more time watching their backs than doing any useful work. The office politics would make Machiavelli blush. All this extra work—plus the work we load onto ourselves because we don’t trust people either. The checking, following through, doing things ourselves because we don’t believe others will do them properly—or at all . If you took all that way, how much extra time would you suddenly find in your day? How much of your work pressure would disappear? 答案: 26-30 CMGAO 31-35 JKFIH 26.C)essential 27.M) suspicion 28.G)miserable 29.A) constantly 30.O) watching 31.J) records 32.K) removed 33.F) load 34.I) properly 35. H) pressure
Section B 【解析】
总体分析：
本次阅读考试段落匹配题难度与上次考试持平，文章较长，该题考查的是考生的查读和扫读能力，牢记找题干关键词的方法论及常考的同义替换方法。 36. E.
根据快速阅读段落的规律，应先读首尾端。E段首句中that a woman of color concerned about income inequality and programs that promote mobility must by definition be a single mom, 对应题目中that a woman of color who advocated affordable childcare must be a single mother. 37. H.
H段中economic instability stretches across race, gender, and geography. 为答案选择的根据，题干中financial security是对economic instability的同义替换。races, genders, and regions 则是对段中race, gender, and geography的替换。 38. M.
M段中的71 percent of respondents believe the country is spending too little on a”welfare”: 37 percent believe we are spending too much.是对应题干中的同义改写： the majority 对应71 percent of respondents; more than a third对应37 percent。注意有关数字的细节是常考点，而且一定要注意对数字的改写。 39. J.
J段中“When we see people who are struggling,” he says, those assumptions “lead us to the perception that people in poverty are lazy, they don’t care, and they haven’t made the right decisions.”对应句中who are struggling are thought to be lazy and to have made the wrong decisions. 基本是原词，很容易定位。 40. D.
D段中最后一句中的the vestiges(痕迹)) of a system that expected mothers to stay home with their children while their husbands worked. 对应句中a mother was supposed to stay home and take care of her children. 41. F.
F段中the Institute for Policy Studies found that 140 million people are poor or low-income. That’s almost half the U.S. population. 对应句子中的nearly 50% of Americans are poor or receive low pay.尤其是出现了数字的统一替换：almost half 对应nearly 50%。 42. N.
N段中的最后一句For example, Americans routinely overestimate the share of black recipients of public assistance programs.对应到了句中的overestimate the number of blacks receiving welfare benefits的动宾短语含义。 43. I.
I段中倒数第二句,The reality is that finding opportunity without help from families, friends, schools, and community is virtually impossible.原词对应句中impossible; on their owns同义替换without help from families, friends, schools, and community。 44. C.
C段中的首句：Today’s faces of inequality and lack of opportunity look like all of us.同义替换it seems none of us can get away from income inequality. all of us 和none of us can get away from 同义替换。 45. L.
L段中间句：Assumptions get worse when people who are poor use government benefits to help them survive. get worse对应even more negative; use government benefits to help them survive对应when they live on welfare.
Section C 【解析】
总体解析：仔细阅读部分文章脉络清晰，考题多为细节题，定位准确的情况下整体难度不高，只要考生掌握自然段定位原则以及设题点的准确辨别，也可以轻松解题。 46. A
题型：细节题 解题思路：根据题干定位到第二段，由 One widely accepted definition of boredom is “the distasteful experience of wanting, but being unable to engage in satisfying activity.” 可知，一个被广泛接受的对无聊的定义是“想要却没能得到的令人不快的经历，未能从事令人满意的活动。”，所以选A选项中When they don’t have the chance to do what they want.是对定位句的同义替换。 干扰选项分析：BCD文中未提到并且不符合文意，所以排除。 47. D
题型：细节题
解题思路：由第三段 “Boredom has been linked to behavior issues including inattentive driving, mindless snacking, excessive drinking, and addictive gambling.” 可知，无聊与粗心驾驶、盲目吃零食、酗酒和上瘾赌博等行为问题有关。所以无聊导致的都是不好的行为，选项D Harmful conduct是对原文的概括改写，因此正确答案为D项。。
干扰选项分析：A决心C专注度都是好的方面，反向干扰排除;B精神恶化，精神只是其中一方面，以偏概全排除。 48. B
题型：细节题 解题思路：根据题干定位到第三段 “One team of psychologists discovered that two-thirds of men and a quarter of women would rather self-administer electric shocks than sit alone with their thoughts for 15 minutes.” 可知，一个心理学家团队发现，三分之二的男性和四分之一的女性宁愿自己实施电击也不愿独自坐着思考15分钟。所以选B项Many volunteers choose to hurt themselves rather than endure boredom，许多志愿者宁愿选择伤害自己也不想忍受寂寞。 干扰选项分析：ACD不符合文意，所以排除。 49. B
题型：细节题
解题思路：根据题干定位到第四段 “But boredom isn’t all bad. By encouraging self-reflection and daydreaming, it can spur activity.” 可知，但无聊也不全是坏事。通过鼓励自我反省和白日做梦，它可以刺激活动。所以选B项It may promote creative thinking.。 干扰选项分析：A刺激记忆，这只是下文的一个例子，以偏概全排除;CD文中未提到，所以排除。 50. D
题型：推理题
解题思路：由第四段最后两句 “In our always-connected world, boredom may be a hard-to-define state, but it is a fertile one. Watch paint dry or water boil, or at least put away your smart phone for a while, and you might unlock your next big idea.” 可知，在我们这个始终保持联系的世界里，无聊可能是一种难以定义的状态，但它是一种丰富的状态。看着油漆变干或者水沸腾，或者至少把你的智能手机放一段时间，你可能会开启你的下一个伟大的想法。所以选D 项Allow oneself some time to be bored.。 干扰选项分析：ABC不符合文意，所以排除。 【解析】 51. B
题型：细节题
解题思路：根据定位词定位到第一段第二句South America and sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing deforestation on an enormous scale: every year almost 5 million hectares are lost. 对应B项中的 Forests
are fast shrinking in many developing countries. 其中lost和shrink同义替换，South America and sub-Saharan Africa 对应developing countries. ACD选项不符合文意，故排除。 52. C
题型：细节题
解题思路：根据题干定位词fastest forest growth定位到第二段第一句，Forests are spreading in almost all Western countries, with fastest growth in places that historically had rather few trees. 其中historically 对应used to，had rather few trees对应the lowest forest coverage。因此C项Those that used to have the lowest forest coverage.是正确答案。 53. A
题型：细节题
解题思路：根据题干的定位词可以定位到第三段第一句：Two things are fertilizing this growth. 定位句的下句出答案，可知段中提到两个原因：The first is the abandonment of farmland; The second is government policy and subsidy. 结合选项，A项The government’s advocacy.对应第二个原因，故选择A项。
54. C
题型：细节题
解题思路：根据题干可以定位到第三段倒数第三句 a desire to promote suburban house-building.为定位句，但是结合选项没有对应选项。本题下句出答案，.....because they suck in carbon pollution from the air.提到环境污染，对应选项中的C中improving air quality 55. D
题型：推理题
解题思路：本题的关键词只有 prospects of forestation，并且根据conclude可知是推理题。所以通读最后一段的文章，根据最后一句however. The growth of Western forests seems almost as unstoppable as deforestation elsewhere.其中Western forests对应developed，再根据一个是西方森林的增加是unstoppable，另一个是其他地方为deforestation，森林砍伐，可知两者是相反的，故符合D中的opposite direction。因此D项Developed and developing countries are moving in opposite direction是正确答案。 Part IV 【译文】
Fish is an indispensable dish on the table before the Spring Festival, because the pronunciation of “fish” in Chinese is the same as that of“Yu”(which means abundance). Because of this symbolic significance, fish are also given as gifts to relatives and friends during the Spring Festival. It is said that the symbolic meaning of fish derived from Chinese traditional culture. The Chinese have a tradition of saving, and they think that the more you save, the safer you feel. Today, although people are getting richer and richer, they still think that saving is a virtue worth carrying forward. 【解析】
① 鱼是春节前夕餐桌上不可或缺的一道菜，因为汉语中“鱼”字的发音与“余”字的发音相同。 句子结构：原因状语从句，主句和从句均为主系表结构。本句中“余”需要解释它代表的意思。 词汇：不可或缺 indispensable
Fish is an indispensable dish on the table before the Spring Festival, because the pronunciation of “fish” in Chinese is the same as that of “Yu” (which means abundance). ② 正由于这个象征性的意义，春节期间鱼也作为礼物送给亲戚朋友。
句二结构：被动句 本句介词短语较多， “正由于这个象征性的意义”用because of或 due to 加名词短语放句首表原因，“春节期间”时间状语可以放句尾。 词汇：象征性的 symbolic 亲戚 relative
Because of this symbolic significance, fish are also given as gifts to relatives and friends during the Spring Festival.
③ 鱼的象征意义据说源于中国传统文化。
句三结构：据说……，可以选择用it形式主语结构：it is said that… 词汇：源于 stem from; derive from;originate from
It is said that the symbolic meaning of fish derived from Chinese traditional culture. ④ 中国人有节省的传统，他们认为节省得愈多，就感到愈为安全。
句四结构：并列句，宾语从句，比较级。前半句较简单，可以翻译为主谓宾结构的简单句，后半句考查宾语从句以及the +比较级……，the +比较级……，比较结构。
The Chinese have a tradition of saving, and they think that the more you save, the safer you feel. ⑤ 今天，尽管人们愈来愈富裕了，但他们仍然认为节省是一种值得弘扬的美德。
句五结构：让步状语从句，宾语从句。本句中“值得弘扬的”定语较难，可以处理为worth doing结构，worth形容词做后置定语修饰 “美德”。 词汇：美德 virtue 弘扬 carry forward
Today, although people are getting richer and richer, they still think that saving is a virtue worth carrying forward.
卷二原文
春节前夕吃团圆饭是中国人的传统。团圆饭是一年中最重要的晚餐，也是家庭团聚的最佳时机，家人生活在不同地方的家庭尤其如此。团圆饭上的菜肴丰富多样，其中有些菜肴有特殊含义。例如，鱼是不可缺少的一道菜，因为汉语中的“鱼”字和“余”字听上一样。在中国的许多地方，饺子也是一道重要的佳肴，因为饺子象征着财富和好运。 译文：
It is Chinese tradition to have a family reunion meal on the eve of Spring Festival, which is the most important dinner in a year and the most proper time to reunite, especially for those families whose members live in different cities. The dishes served are various and abundant, of which involve peculiar meanings. For example, fish is an indispensable dish because/as the Chinese character “fish” sounds like “Yu” which means surplus. Dumpling is also served as an important dish in many places of China because of its symbolic meaning of wealth and fortune.
1 春节前夕吃团圆饭是中国人的传统。
句一比较短，主干是：吃团圆饭是传统。因为该句主语中含有动词，所以可以写成it做形式主语的句子。春节前夕可处理为介词加名词的结构。
It is Chinese tradition to have a family reunion meal on the eve of Spring Festival 2 团圆饭是一年中最重要的晚餐，也是家庭团聚的最佳时机，家人生活在不同地方的家庭尤其如此。
句二是个由也连接的一个并列句式。主干是：团圆饭是晚餐，也是最佳时机。一年中和后面的家庭尤其如此可以写成介词加名词的结构，要注意的是后面的家庭前面的修饰语中含有动词，可以写成定语从句。最后由于第一句比较短，为了拉长句子并显现句式的多样性，可以用非限制性定语从句与第一句相连接。
which is the most important dinner in a year and the most proper time to reunite, especially for those families whose members live in different cities.
3 团圆饭上的菜肴丰富多样，其中有些菜肴有特殊含义。
句三由两个短句构成，可以用“of which”引导的非限制性定语从句来连接。前半部分的主干是菜肴丰富多样，后半部分主干是有些菜肴有特殊含义。团圆饭上可以写成介词加名词的形式。 The dishes served are various and abundant, of which involve peculiar meanings.
4 例如，鱼是不可缺少的一道菜，因为汉语中的“鱼”字和“余”字听上一样。
句四是由因为引导的状语从句构成，前半句主干是鱼是一道菜后半部分主干是“鱼”字和“余”字听上一样。为了方便理解可以用定从的形式将“余”的意思进行解释。
For example, fish is an indispensable dish because/as the Chinese character “fish”sounds like “Yu”
which means surplus.
5 在中国的许多地方，饺子也是一道重要的佳肴，因为饺子象征着财富和好运。 句五句子主干是饺子也是一道佳肴，饺子象征着财富和好运可以处理为原因状语。 本句话不是很难，需要注意词汇不要写错。
Dumpling is also served as an important dish in many places of China because of its symbolic meaning of wealth and fortune.
卷一原文
生活在中国不同地区的人们饮食多种多样。北方人主要吃面食，南方人大多吃米饭。在沿海地区，海鲜和淡水水产品在人们饮食中占有相当大的比例，而在其他地区人们的饮食中，肉类和奶制品更为常见。四川、湖南等省份的居民普遍爱吃辛辣食物，而江苏和浙江人更喜欢甜食。然而，因为烹饪方式各异同类食物的味道可能会有所不同。 译文：
People living in different places have various dietary habits. People in the north prefer food made of flour while people in the south would like to eat rice. Seafood and aquatic/freshwater products account for high proportion of people’s diet along the coastal land while meat and dairy products are common in other areas. Residents in Sichuan, Hunan and other provinces are fond of spicy food while those in provinces like Jiangsu and Zhejiang prefer sweet food. However, different cooking styles may lead to different tastes with same ingredients. 解析
1 生活在中国不同地区的人们饮食多种多样。
句一比较简单，主干是人们饮食多种多样。由于修饰人们内容里含有动词，可以写成定语从句的形式也可以写成分词作后置定语的形式。
People living in different places have various dietary habits. 2 北方人主要吃面食，南方人大多吃米饭。 二句的句式也比较简单，句子直接呈现的就是主干，但要注意，英文中不能用逗号连接两个句子，可以用while进行连接。此外还需注意面食的表达。
People in the north prefer food made of flour while people in the south would like to eat rice. 3 在沿海地区，海鲜和淡水水产品在人们饮食中占有相当大的比例，而在其他地区人们的饮食中，肉类和奶制品更为常见。
三句比较长主要是由两部分构成，主干分别为：海鲜和淡水水产品占有相当大的比例和肉类和奶制品更为常见，中间用“while”来连接。翻译本句话中，难点在于单词的翻译。在沿海地区、在人们饮食中、在其他地区人们的饮食中均可以处理为介词加名词的结构。
Seafood and aquatic/freshwater products account for high proportion of people’s diet along the coastal land while meat and dairy products are common in other areas.
4 四川、湖南等省份的居民普遍爱吃辛辣食物，而江苏和浙江人更喜欢甜食。
四句句式也比较简单，主干分别居民爱吃辛辣食物和人更喜欢甜食，中间仍然用while连接两句话。但要注意辛辣的翻译。四川、湖南等省份以及江苏和浙江可以写成介词加名词的形式。
Residents in Sichuan, Hunan and other provinces are fond of spicy food while those in provinces like Jiangsu and Zhejiang prefer sweet food.
5 然而，因为烹饪方式各异同类食物的味道可能会有所不同。
五句主干为：烹饪方式各异味道可能会有所不同。可转化为不同烹饪方式导致不同味道。同类食物可以写成介词加名词的结构。
However, different cooking styles may lead to different tastes with same ingredients.
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容