2020年12月大学英语四级考试真题（一）Part I Writing (30 minut创切the阳yDirections: For this part, ）明，are allo阳对30minutes to write on t加ω乒cαangesE伽cation.You s加uldwrite at least 120阴，由butno more than 180阴阳Is.of Part ll ＆到ctiont附orListening Comprehemion you( 25 minutes) will hear A In this secti棚，will hear three m阴阳ports.At t加endof each m阴阳严刑，you胁哩ctions:three questions. Both t加M阴阳portand the questions will be s.严加nonly once. After you hear a question, you must choose t加阳tans附rfromt加如trcho也esma，大dA），酌，Oand D). Then mark t加con四pond切gletter on却回W即g帽时，witha single line through t加αntre.Questiom 1 and 2 are based佣伽em响呵JOl1you have just beanL 1. A) Many people have been attacked by Devil Fi ref i由．B）咀1eMediterranean is a natural habitat of De叫1Firefish. C) Invasive甲创部aredrivi昭awaycerta面natives防cies.D) A deadly fish has been spotted fn the Mediterranean waters. 2. A) It could badly pollute由esurrounding waters. B) Itα，，lid pose a threat to other marine speci臼．C) It could disrupt the f回到dchains there. D) It cαlid add to greenhouse em总sions.Qu剧阳dand 4 are based佣tbenewsE可刚tyou have just beanl 3. A) Cars will not be allowed to enter the city. B) Pedestrians will have free ace部sto the city. C) About half of its city center will be closed to cars. will be the only vehicl部allowedon its str臼ts.4. A)’The unbearable traffic noi钝.C）η1e ever-growingα>St of petrol. B)’The worsening global warming. D)’The rising air pollution in Paris. Questions 5 to 7 are based倒也enews E可JOl1you M四justbeard. 5. A) His hαJSeW部burntdown in a fire. C) His gα划luckcharm sank into the路a.D) His fi由ingboat got wrecked on a rock. B) Many of his pos邸sionswere stolen. C) Sell the防arlhe had kept for y臼rs.· 6. A)α1ange his fishing locations. D）·虱路esB) Find a ·job in a travel agency. D) Spend a few nights on a small island. displayed in a museum. 7. A) I丑sp侃rlα＞1.ddbeB) His monstrous p侃rlwas extremely valuable. The larg，创醉arlin the world weighs 14 pounds. C) D) A New York museum h掘出eworld’s bigg臼tpearl. 四级2020年12月1 Section B Directions, In this即ti棚，JOwill hear t附longαnvermtions.At t加endof eachαnvermtion you will hear four questions. Both t加conver.mtiona1id the questions will benonly once. After you hear a questionu must choose t加bestanswerOm伽fourchoic:.es marked A), B), C) and D). Then ma，大the co四严Jndiletteron \"'1s*r Shtwitha si1leline throiht加centre.由:m8 to 11 are h倒Ion the cmm伽nobavej四tbear也8. A) It boasts a fairly long history. C) It h部，ffic部·ound由eworld. ,”B) It has over 50 bln臼spartners. 9. A) It wartedby his father. B) It has about 50 employee10. A)αtdatedpr，叫1ctdesign. B) Isof competitive edge. 11. A) Introducing innovative marketistrategi部．B) Seeking new ways .to incre掘eits exports. C) ro叫dingtraining for its staff members. D) Conducting a financial analysis for it. J.StionsD) It pr出部oonstructionmaterials. C) It is over 100 y臼rsId.D) It is a family busin臼s.C) Shorteof raw material supply. D) Legal disput，部inmany countri部．12 to 15 are阳倒Ion由eco回回帽ubavej回hrel.12. A) She is a r臼I.epertat hou部decorations.B) She is really impre.ed by the man’s hou部．C) She is well inf，rmedabout由edesibllsin，部．D) She is attracted by the oolrof由esitting＞＞m.13. A) From a construction Mne.man.C) From home d创B) From his younger brother Greg. min，臼．er.D) From a prof，部sionalinterior desi14. A) The cost was affordable. C）1eeffort was wor由.while.B）be style was fashionable. D）be effect w部m明>ected.15. A) She’d like him to talk wi由Jona由mabout a new project. ’d like towhim around her newly-renovated b四lSC.B) SheC) She wants to diSCl!S the hou部decorationblldget wi由him.D) She wants him ω由arehis renovatineriencewi也her.＆到ction如uC tionDirections: In this, you will hear three passa，.At t加endof each passage, you will hear t加，questions. Both t加pt1J3wand t加uestionswill be加，only once. After-you hear aStion ' you must choose t加阳tanswer如mthe four choices madA ) , B ) , C ) and D ) • Then mark t加α>rrespond切gletter on Answer g时witha single I切et加ht加αntre.Questions 16 to 18 are ba倒IOD由ep回euhave just beanL 16. A) Paying hospital bills for emergency c部部．B) Doing research on臼r，即andthr，disea邸C) D）ngb，防部from伽gtientsnand回．routine care for small children. 17. A）αlil由maged one to four are often mecur阳1Sthan older children. ive-to nin，ar-oldsare the most likely to put things in their回B) FC) Many children like to put fore胁bjectsin由eirDlOI．D) Many children like to smell things也.eyfind or play wi也．四2020年12月.2 18. A) They want to attract attention. B）Q即侃hey tend to act out of imp.e.C) They are unaware of由epotential risks. D)’They are curious about，y四bawjmthn帽ebody parts. 19 to 21 are based on the pass19. A) It gave her a used bicycle. C) It delivered her daily Esiti臼．B) It paid for her English I臼sons.D) It provided her wi由physi臼1therapy. 20. A) E阳dingbike-riding lessons. C）αfering walking tours to visitors. B) Providing fr四publictransp.D) Asking local people for donations. 21. A) It is a sports club. C) It is a coun部lingcenter. B) It is a language school. D) It is a charity or1atln.Qu臼tions22 to 25 are based on the pyoohave Jmt beard. 22. A) How animals deal wi由lackof gravity. B) How mice interact in a new environment. C) How low gravity affects the human body. D) How mice imitate human behavior in space. 23. A) They found the s臼由.ecage too small to stay in. B) They f侃Mit difficult to figure out where由.eywere. C) They were ntu部dto由.elow-gravity environment. D) They were not sensitive t由echanged environment. 24. A) ’They continued to behave部也.eydid in the beginning. B）hey already felt at home in the new environment. C) ’They had found a 1tmeactiviti臼toengage in. D) They tried everything possible to臼capefrom由.ecage. 25. A)hey changed their routin部inspace. C) They beha四difthey were on Earth. B) They be1to臼tless after some time. D) They repeated由.eiractiviti臼everyday. “ction A Dir四tions:Part ][ Reading Con甲rehension(40 minoh），dfor each In this即tion, there is a paSSt.gwith ten blanks. You are required to select oneb阳ikfrom a list of cho阳givenin a word bank fol伽·t加passage.Read t加passagethrough carefully mak切before your choices. 'Each cho阳int加bankis identified by a letter. iuemarkt加con四严>nd切gletter for each item on却回weSheet2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of t加Oii由hthe bank mo're than once . haveTrust is fundamental to life. If you佣trustanything, life becomes intolerable. 1侃侃relatinshipswithout trust, let alneg剧n臼．In由.eworlace，胁，trustiswh由一.Anrgaation27 . If you work for a k邸trust由.eirwithout tr四willbe full of feandemploestdothings right, you'll have a and>end回.They'll be checking up on you all由etime, correctingmistak28 reminding you to do this or由at.Coll臼gueswho1ttrust one m由.erwneedtomore time 30 Audit （由ey伽irOrganbacks than dingany u部也1work. ationsealways trying tcutαsts.hinkof all由eadditi1entsonly e对，pliersnaltasks ca四edby lack of trust. l由m）depauseof it. Compani臼k臼plarge vohun臼of四级2020年12月don’t trust their S1their contractors or their customers. Probably more3 half of all administrative work is only there because of an ever-existing sense由at也ys.youcatptrust m1eeeven a sn时Ipart of such v1elesswork could be 一thewould run into millions of dollars. ourselbecausewe don’t trust，pie一echecking, All this is extra work we 33 following throu，doi也ingsourselves because we don’t believe others will do them 34 一rat all. If明tookall也ataway, how nmch etra由newoold we su创enlyfind in our life? ilow much ofαE work 35 would disapp臼rF) I侃dA) C侃stantlyK) removed L) stacks M) suspicion N) tracked 0) watching B) credible C）臼sentialG) miserable )pre剧D) exploring E) ga由.erSection B Direcons: In this section , you are go切sta.tement conta.ins inj加nationlet阳·.I) properly J) records “gto read a passage with ten sta.tements at阳hedto it. F:ach given切oneof the paragraroph.dentt加paragraphfromraphicht加dinformation is derived. You may choose a mAnswer t加uu阳u四laceWh.more than once. F:ac!i parwerSIis mwith a by marking t加con四rpondingletter on A，EE时2:Poor Once hrl回drollingA）lisis the land of opportunity. If由atweren’t already implied by the landsca防sleepy neighborb创andsegreen hills, palm tr邸，swi-kis.edflowers-then it’s evident in the many striesof pe，piewho grew t甲阴阳rin eto.e normous suα，:ess. People like Tri Tran, who fled Vietnam on a wi由n由ing1甲in臼nJcboat in 1986, showed dataB) Indeed, 回rlymade it to MI.and由.enfounded the fQOCdelivery start-up Munchery, which is valued at $ 300 million. 部tsthat this istoneof由ebest pla臼sto grow up poor ·in America. A child born in the ahigh臼mer19El>s into a low-income family M臼nJose had a 12. 9 percent chance of becomirdi部anadult，colleagu部froma Ian，伽studyreleased in 2014 by由.eeconomist ajα1etty and his mHarvard and Berkeley. That nmnber-12. 9 percent-may not sfetop甲lintile.remarkable, but it was, Kids in臼nJose whose famili部fellin the bottom quintile （由eincome nationally had best shot in the country at...r，臼chi，fC) By contrast, just 4. 4 per，5. 5 percent.nJchad 由.erprogr回siveciti部suchpoor kids in Charlotte moved up to由etop; in Detroit由efigure was mobility comlfableto Denmark’s and Canada’s and higher than lis.mbvious.rformedcialas Boston and MinntedD) The re掘侃skids in San. Jo回innovative compasubsuently部areloso well mightSome of也eworld’s most 到arehere, pro时dingopportuniti臼suchas the one部iedby a 12-y臼r-oldparts and ationificantMountain View E四identnamed Steve Jobs when he called William Hewlett to ask· forreceived a smnmer job.m-and1elisis a city of immigran.ts....,...38 percent of由ecity’s posiborntoday is foreiin 1）immigrants and their children have historically eperi侃侃dcity has long had a large foreiyupward 1mbility in America.回ictor, leading to broader diversity, which, the Harvard.and Berkeley economistsof mobility. 四级20年12月population (26. 5 percent is a g时4 E) Indeed，也estreets of San Jose seem, in some ways, to embc对y由ebest of America. It’s po~ible to drive in a mat阳rof minutes from sleek （i也部to四e）office towers near the ai，rtwhere，and1plepitch 部investors, to· silo-fnilyhom部明morangetrees in their yards, or to a ietnam臼emall. there are ar，臼sfilled wi由smallbuslibraries here off er progr.a few. in 17 languag1wnedby Vietnamese immigrants, M明创immigrants, Korean immigrants, and Filipino aren’t sure exactly why poor kids in臼nJose did so well.，andimmigran， tonneButr臼earchers咀1ecity h部alow prevalence of children growing up iii singlo-parent familiof由em臼sur部coon some 1由at由er臼earcherselatedwi由gα>1a low level of concentrated poverty, both factors ualplac部创tof由eation（．that usually mean a city allows for good intergenerational mobility. But San Jose also performs poorly mobility. It is one of由e·mostunmeasured, and it has high degrees of racial and economic segdIts schools underperform bapr，toralon how much money there is in the ar如t，saidBen Scuderi, a fellow at the Equality of Opportunity rat Harvard, which uses big data to study how se’t totally understand,”he said.“It’s inter，臼tingdonG) The α1etty data shows that neighbodebate. Some of由e“’There’s a lot going on here which we to improve economic opportunities for low-income children.becit kind of defi部oure，tations.areasand plac部matteredfor children born in the San J创hmeasuredof the 1980s. Whether the city still allows for upward mobility of poor kids tc对indicators such as income ine甲.iality1ualityis up for by Eualityof Opportunity become，由eProject for由eyear 2000, have only worsened in由epaH) Some San Jose r创dents臼y由atas inflo划of1pleyupwardhas grown in recent y臼路，tomobility h部，Sanmuch m:>re difficult to achieve. As Silicon Valley has become home to more succ臼sful companito the area has caused housing pric部skyrocket. By IOOSt m臼ScanJose is no iddlo-income famili邸，longer a place where low-income, or even mSan JoshuttiIn2014. grewduring由atafford to live. Rents in 42. 6 percent between 2006 and 2014, which was the largest increase in the country 部stime peri创.The city has a growing homel部le，neof由elarg，臼thomelproblem, which it tried .to address by 时）imynη1eJuualityu:ampments（-am臼surein the nation, in is extreme.’The Human Develo阴阳ntlnde）income---giv，臼Eastiv，臼 aof life expectancy, edu侃tionand per capita. （Cl甲ertinoSan Jose a score of 4. 85 out of 10, while nearby 9. 26. San Jose used to have .a happy mix of where Apple’s headquarters sits, retothattoge由erfactors-cheap housing, cl侃侃侃communitia rapidly developing industry, tightly-knit immigrant tyopened up由epc:of prosperity for even its poorest residents. But 钝gregatedin rentyears, housing pri侃shave skyrocketed，由eregion’s rich and poor have由isand middlo-cla~ jobs have disappeared. ivenbright as it once did. the future for the region’spoor daslooknearly部I) Leaders in San Jc附aredetermined to make sure由atthe city regains itsa place where even ainlyh掘出epoor kids can acchance to dl明Osniccardo出em>rcesto succ臼d.Wi由SiliconValley in its backyard, itn，1由inkthere is a broad consc阳lSll臼sin the alley由atwehdo better由mto San Jc附Mayorndsof our nehborsbehind由mid.a period of extraordinary sueincreasing钝gregationJ) But in tαiays Amerialand of rising in呵四级2lityand stagnatilmi创lo-clawag1臼一mthe臼nJose region really once again become a place of opportunity? 0年12月5 K)’The ideathe top is central to America’s ideas about itself.hat such 100bility h部becomemore difficult in San Jose rsesquestions about, the endurance of that foundational belief. After all，theone-time land of q>portunity ctbe fixed, what does由at臼y由at创eat由ebottom can dtofor the r臼tof America? San Jose, it h部becomemuch harder for the poor to get ahead due 36. According to some people living in ω由eincreased inequality. In American history, immigrants used to have a g时chanceto move upward in society. 37. 38. If由eproblems of San Jose ctbe solved, one of America’s fundamental beliefs about itself can be shaken. San Jose w部39. Whether40. >0rnong由e.best citi部inyAmerica for poor kids to move up由eialladder . . kids in San Jc附tcstill have the chance to move upward is q~tionable. 1.officialsare resolved to give poor kids access to由eresources n臼:essaryfor success in life. 42. San Jose appears to manif，臼tsome of由ebest fresof America. 43. As farcialmobility is concerned, San Jose beat many o由erprogr~ive cities in Ameri．.，eto some chang1臼likeincreasinhousing pri侃sin San Jose，也epr，部阴tsfor its poor people have dimmed. 45. ，臼earchersdo not have a clear idea why poor children in San Jose achieved such great succ部Sveraldecad臼ago.Section C There are·2 passa，切t胁section. F.ach passage is followed by someorun如iishedstatements. For f!OCh of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). ouuldctit.leon the_ best choice and mark the corresponding letter on却swerg阳et2 with a single line through t加centre.阴阳倒assEOne Questo so剧Ebd侃efollowi回咀ireechildren in every classroom have a diagnodisorders, while one由irdeblemental health condition. Half ofanietyherew部anastoni由ing2per由创eare in behaouralemotional disorders such as str，邸，gh钝If-harm.and depression, ntjnpof ten become outwardly apparent由which hosJ阳Iadmissions for children and youpeoplewho had harmed由emselv臼between2009 and 2015. Schools and teachers have consistently reported由escale of由eproblem sin臼200.Last year, over riencemental health problems than in the past. But of teachers reported也atmore of.由eirpupils ehalf dalack of training, epertialso consistently report how ill-euipped由eyfeel to meet pupils’mental health neeteachers andsupport from the National Health Service （由at，andoften ．臼rlyPart of the rnfor the increased pressure on .s chools is创ethere are now fewerintervention （·budgets sin2010and low-level mental health services based in the community. Oits to lohave r倒.tltedin a significant decline ofic，d部回telau由oritystrong evidence of由eiref f ectivene~ in preventing cri邸furtheri own由eline. The only way to break the pr臼surnbo由mentalhealth servic部and部hoolsis to reinvest h臼rlyintervention services inside schools. η1ere are strong arguments for why schools are best placed to provide me~tal health钝rvices.Schools youngsee ，plemore由m醉，pleany other service, which giv，臼relation由i四级2020年12月thema unique ability to get to hathem over time. ，四:entto-reachchildren and youngand build m臼ningfulwithstudi部have6 shown that children and yowig醉1ple.largely pref er to see a c1sellorin school rather than in ，outsideenvironment. young people have reported that for low-level conditions such部strand anxiety, a clinical setticansometimes be daunt切g（却．’There are already, examples of innovative schools which combine mental health and wellbeing pro叫sionwith a strong academic curriculum. Thisiwill, though, require a huge cultural shift. Politicians, policymakers, commiionersand school leaders nmst be brave enough to make the leap towar也reimagining schools as prodersof health as well as education services. 46. What are teachers complaining about? too many students requiring sialattention. A) There are ider too much stress counllingn倒ystudents. B) They are wC) Schools are inadequately euip防dto implement any intervention. D) They lack由enee臼saryresources to address pu回lsmentalproble邸.47. What do we learn from theeabout community health servic臼inBritain? A) They have deteriorated due to budget cuts., B) They facilitate local residenevdaylives. C）1eyprove ineffective in helping mental patients. theD) They cover preventative care for the local residents. author sugg部tmental health services be placed? A) At home. B) At school. C) In hos回tals.49. What do we learn from the recent studi臼A) Students pref er to rely on peers to relieve 防部sand anxiety. 48. Where也邸D) In commwiities. B) Yowtg people are keen on building m侃ngful relation由ips.C) Students are more comfortable seeking counselling in school. benefit from varioos kinds of outractivities. au由orn部anby a cultural由ift(Line 2, Para. 6)? 50. What d创theA) Simplification of叫1oolsacademiccurriculums. D) oung醉1ple’involvement in叫1oolspolicy-making.B) ParentsC) A change in teachers' attitudes to mental health. D) A change in the conception of what schools are. ass倒woto 55 are M伽followbPicture this: You’re at a movie theater fα1i stand loading up on snacks. You have a choice of small, or largeda.The small is $ 3. 50 and由elarge is $ 5. 50. It’s a tohdecision: The small siu medium may not last you ·through the whole mo，but$ 5. 50 for some sugaηdrink seems ridic咀ous.But there’s medium>lafor $ 5. 25. Medium may be the perfect amount of:>lafor y侃，butthe a third option, a a甲1artermore. If you’re like most people, you end up buying the large ( and ·taking a large is only bathroom break midshow) . a If you’re wondering who wα.tld buy也emediumgαi chan臼themarketing department pur防部lythe answer is aim侃t.noone. In fact, there’s a priced the medium soda部adecoy （）, makiyou:>lamore likely to buy the large soda rather than the small. I have written about this peculiarity in· human nature before with my friend Dan Ariely, who studied pricithis phenomenon extensively after noticing forsubscriptions （7 ）to The Economist . The digital 四级2000年-12月subscriI阳W部·，也eprint subd严ionwas $125, and the print Edigitalsubs创1ptionw部also$ 125. No one in their right mind would buy由eprintbscri阴阳whenyucould get digital as well for the same pri，sowhy w部iteven an option? Ariely ran an e到erimentidfα，md由atwhen only由etw，realchoic臼wereoffered, more people d由etheleepensivedigital subscri.pti侃.But由e a创itionof ion.bad option made people DD1ch imre likely to choc阴阳moreexpensive print plus digitalBrain叫enlistscall this eff叫1D1etricdominan，andit mi臼邸由atpeople gravitoward也echoice near回ta clearly inferior option. Marketing prof，部sorscall it the decoy effect, which is臼rtainly臼sierto remember. Lucky for consumers, almost no one in the business comnumity understands it. be decoy effect wsbecauf由eway our brains. assivaluevaluewhen making choic臼.Value is 由.erchoic臼.ab回lute1rather, we decide an ob如dalmost never introduced，也evalueare uationcharelative to ourIf more options 51. Why does由eA) To illustraB) To ilbD) au1由.orask us to imagine buying food in the mo叫etheateη ulishoppingbehavior. choosea由ink由.ere.部．，piesprate由eincr，倒.singvariety of snacks由.ere.are among miovi.e fC) To show how hard it can be t，由whowpulsnacks52. Why is由emedi1DD m也pri臼d也eway it is? A) To attract more customers to buy it. B) 1i由wthe pri臼mah部也eink由eamamt. right amount of时a.aC) To ensure customersD) To make αJStomers believe they are gettiWhat dwelearn from Dan Ar划53. bargain. 部perimentB) e&:momist’S prc:motional strategy works. C) 1eE，nomistsprint edition turns out to sell由ebest. D) More readers choose the digital ver由eprint edition. 54. For what pposeA) Lower-priced goods attract more cust
mparing it with由.erchoic臼.D) By examining its valuePart N Dineuldsl四slation(30 minuu）fromαinaeintoElish.For this part, )'?ll are allowed 80 minutes to translate a passiwrite yau ans附ronAnawergel2 . ．大，Yw ，．面，，．大，．，，四可．，四级2020年12月8