you want this painkiller, you’ll have to ask the doctor for a ______. A)transaction B)permit
C)settlement D)prescription
______ form childhood to adulthood is always critical time for everybody. A)conversion B)transition C)turnover
D)transformation
is hard to tell whether we are going to have b boom in the economy or a ______. A)concession B)recession C)submission D)transmission
use of color, light and form quickly departed from the conventional style of his as ______ he developed own technique. A)descendants B)predecessors C)successors D)ancestors
in a required subject may result in the ______of a diploma. A)refusal B)betrayal C)denial D)burial
help students understand how we see, teachers often draw an ______between an eye and a camera. A)image B)analogy C)imitation D)axis 1994 World Bank report concluded that ______girls in school was probably the single most effective anti-poverty policy in the developing world today. A)assigning B)admitting C)involving D)enrolling 二
______ on this apartment expires in a year's time. A) treaty B) lease
C) engagement
D) subsidy
elderly Russians find it hard to live on their state ______. A) pensions B) earnings C) salaries D) donations
is supposed to be a safety ______ which makes it impossible for trains to collide. A) appliance B) accessory C) machine D) mechanism
four years in the same job his enthusiasm finally ______. A) deteriorated B) dispersed C) dissipated D) drained
one can function properly if they are _______ of adequate sleep. A) deprived B) ripped C) stripped D) contrived years now, the people of that faraway country have been cruelly ______ by a dictator. A) depressed B) immersed C) oppressed D) cursed
since the rise of industrialism, education has been ______ towards producing workers. A) harnessed B) hatched C) motivated D) geared 三
4. The director gave me his ________ that he would double my pay if I did my job well.
A) warrant B) obligation C) assurance D) certainty
5. The Christmas tree was decorated with shining ________ such as colored lights and glass balls. A) ornaments B) luxuries C) exhibits
D) complements
6. The two most important ________ in making a cake are flour and sugar . A) elements B) components C) ingredients D) constituents
7. Cultural ________ indicates that human beings hand their languages down from one generation to another. A) translation B) transition C) transmission D) transaction
8. We must look beyond ________ and assumptions and try to discover what is missing. A) justifications B) illusions
C) manifestations D) specifications
9. No one imagined that the apparently ________ businessman was really a criminal. A) respective B) respectable C) respectful D) realistic
10. If nothing is done to protect the environment, millions of spedes that are alive today will have become ________ . A) deteriorated B) degenerated C) suppressed D) extinct 四
Almost every new innovation goes through three phases. When initially introducing into the market, the process of adoption is slow. The early models are expensive and hard to use, and perhaps even unsafe. The economic impact is relatively great. 2. _______________
The second phase is the explosive one, where the innovation was rapidly adopted by a large number of people. It gets 3. _______________ cheaper and easier to use and becomes something familiar. And then in the third stage, diffusion of the innovation slows down again, as if it permeates out across the
economy. 4. _______________
During the explosive phase, whole new industries spring up to produce the new product or innovation, and to service it. For example, during the 1920s, there was dramatic 5. _______________ acceleration in auto production, from million in 1920 to million in 1929. This boom was accompanied with all
sorts of other essential activities necessary for an
auto-based nation: Roads had to been built for the cars to 7. _______________ run on; refineries and oil wells, to provide the gasoline; and garages, to repair it. 8. _______________
Historically, the same pattern is repeated again and again with innovations. The construction of the electrical system requested an enormous early investment in generation and 9. _______________ distribution capacity. The introduction of the radio was followed by a buying spree (无节制的狂热行为) by Americans what quickly brought radios into almost half of all households 10. _______________ by 1930, up from nearly none in 1924. 五
After months of speculation about what would
do with its mysterious search-engine company, A9, Web surfers finally got their first taste on Apr. 14.
Yet despite of some intriguing new features not yet found on leading sites such as Google and Yahoo! , the site
-- still in test mode -- rises as many questions 2_______________ as it answers. The biggest question remains is whether Amazon, through A9, would clash into Google more directly.
Google itself is testing a search engine for products called Froogle that's starting to appeal Web shoppers. At the same time, Amazon clearly isn't looking to limit A9's horizons. How directly A9 eventually goes up against the reigned 6. _______________ search champion, it faced lots of challenges. For one,
it may run into some of the same privacy issues that recently have plagued Google. A9's privacy policy points out that information provided through entering search term
or by signing into one's Amazon account could supply the company with information that could personally identify the searcher.
Those may be somewhat less intrusive（打扰的，冒犯的） than Google's upcoming Gmail free e-mail offering, which could search
the contents of messages to pitch personalized ads. But comments posted on some sites already indicate some people are uncomfortable with Google's potential threats privacy. 六
The European Union had approved a number of genetically modified crops until late 1998. But growing public concern over its supposed environmental and health risks several 1. _______________ EU countries to demand a moratorium (暂时禁止) on imports of any new GM produce. By late 1999 there were enough such country to block any new approvals of produce. 2. _______________ Last year, America filed a complaint at the WTO about the moratorium, arguing that it was an illegal trade barrier because there is no scientific base it. As more studies have been completed on the effects
of GM crops, the greens’ case for them has weakened.
Much evidence has emerged of health risks from eating _______________
them. And, overall, the studies have shown that the
environmental effects on modified crops are not always as serious as the greens claim. Nevertheless, environmentalists
continue to find fault of such studies and argue that they are inconclusive.
While Americans seem happy enough to consume food made from GM crops, opinion polls continue to show that European
consumers dislike the idea. Europeans seem be taking the attitude _______________
which , since there remains the slightest possibility adverse 9. _______________
consequences and since it is clear how they, as consumers, benefit _____________
from GM crops, they would rather not run the risk.
to led GM for 5. 8. of 10. 七
Many Americans mindlessly oppose hunting. They do so even in
cases where animal populations are dangerous high. In
some areas of Alaska, wolves have become so rare that they 2________________
are running out of hunting ground and prey heavily on moose, deer, and occasionally dogs. In past, game 3_______________ managers curbed wolf populations for trapping and aerial 4_______________ hunting without wiping away the species. Still, whenever 5______________ they propose do this nowadays, they receive tens 6_______________ of thousands letters of protest. Growing deer populations in 7________________
parts of California threat to starve themselves out. Seaotter 8_______________ colonies, booming in the Pacific coast, are fast running 9________________ out of food, too, as good as putting commercial fisher- 10____________ men out of business. 八
Many describe Freud as the most influential psychologist of all time. Yet not everyone recognize the profound effect of psychoanalytic theory in the way most of us look at human
behavior, regardless of any formal exposure to Freud’s works. For example, most adults in Western society accept the idea that behavior can be influenced by an unconscious part of the mind.
We say things like “I must have done that consciously” or “Even though I didn’t realize it consciously, maybe unconsciously I did.” Although Freud was not the first to talk about the unconscious, no one ago, or probably since, has placed
so many emphasis upon unconscious processes in explaining human behavior.
Do you believe that dreams hold important psychological information, revealing inner fears and desires? If so, you are backing on an idea that Freud popularized. As people had been interpreting dreams for thousands of
years, Freud was the first to incorporate dream interpretation
into a larger psychological theory. When we talk about our dreams and try to figure it out, we are informally following a therapeutic procedure outlining by Freud at the turn of the century.
Numerous examples of Freudian thought can be found in our
daily language, as well as in modern literature and in motion pictures. Thus, an understanding of Freudian psychology
is part of a good liberal arts education; it can aid the observant student to appreciating subtle and not-so-subtle references 九
Learning does not happen passively. It is an activity which a person does. It is a task which can be attempted in various of ways, some of which are
more appropriate than others. When the material to be learned is
a brief and simple kind which is familiar with the person and of intense
interest to him, effective learning usually proceeds automatically. In the first place, the person at once relates the material to other
material which has already securely learned. Subsequently, the relevance
of the newly learned material to his interests assures its being recalled on many occasions; and one repetition minimizes
the likelihood of remembering. Furthermore, the subsequent use
of the new material is likely to take place in a variety of contexts
and, so, the material becomes related to a narrower range of other material.
Because of all this, the material is rapidly learned, long retained, and recalled with increasingly readiness in a variety of
contexts. Without really trying, the person had fulfilled a few important conditions of effective learning.
三答案：
4. C 参考译文：主任向我保证，如果我工作干得好，他就会给我双倍的工资。 A) warrant 证明 B) obligation 责任 C) assurance 确信 D) certainty 明确
5. A 参考译文：圣诞树上点缀着闪光的饰物，如彩灯和玻璃球。 A) ornament 装饰 B) luxury 奢侈的 C) exhibit 展览 D) complement 补充
6. C 参考译文：制作蛋糕时所需的两种最重要的原料是面粉和糖。 A) element 元素 B) component 部件 C) ingredient 配料 D) constituent 成分
7. C 参考译文：文化传播意味着人类将语言代代相传。 A) translation 翻译 B) transition 过渡 C) transmission 传播 D) transaction 交易
8. B 参考译文：我们必须看破那些幻觉和设想，努力去发现遗漏的东西。 A) justification 理由 B) illusion 幻想
C) manifestation 证明 D) specification 产品说明
9. B 参考译文：没有人想象到这位表面上受人尊敬的商人实际上是个罪犯。 A) respective 分别的 B) respectable 可尊敬的 C) respectful 尊敬的 D) realistic 现实的
10. D 参考译文：如果不采取措施保护环境，数百万的现存物种就会灭绝 A) deteriorate 恶化 B) degenerate 堕落 C) suppress 压制 D) extinct 灭绝
二答案：
参考译文：这套公寓的租约一年到期。 A) treaty 条约 B) lease 租期
C) engagement 订婚 D) subsidy 补助
参考译文：俄罗斯的老年人觉得只靠国家发给的养老金生活非常困难。 A) pension 退休金 B) earning 收入 C) salary 薪水 D) donation 捐款
参考译文：据推测那儿有一种安全机械装置保证火车不相撞。 A) appliance 器具 B) accessory 附件 C) machine 机器 D) mechanism 机制
参考译文：相同的工作做了四年之后他的热情终于耗竭了。 A) deteriorate 恶化 B) disperse 驱散 C) dissipate 消耗 D) drain 耗尽
参考译文：如果被剥夺了充足的睡眠，没有人能够正常工作。 A) deprive 剥夺 deprive sb. of sth.; be deprived of B) rip 撕破 C) strip 脱衣 D) contrive 设计
参考译文：这些年来，那个偏远国度的人民一直被独裁者残酷地压迫着。 A) depress 抑制 B) immerse 浸入 C) oppress 压迫 D) curse 诅咒
参考译文：自从工业化兴起之后教育已经开始适应产业工人的需要。 A) harness 利用 B) hatch 盖住 C) motivate 激励
D) gear 使准备好 gear towards/to 调整以适应 一答案：
如果你想买这个止痛药，就必须有医生开的处方。 A)transaction 交易 B)permit 允许 C)settlement 解决 D)prescription 处方
由童年到成年的过渡阶段对每个人来说往往都是很重要的一段时期。 A)conversion 转变信仰 B)transition 过渡 C)turnover 成交量 D)transformation 变化
很难判断我们的经济是要经历繁荣还是衰退。 A)concession 妥协 B)recession 衰退 C)submission 屈服 D)transmission 传播 当他形成自己的技艺后，在使用色彩、光线和图形方面很快摆脱了前辈们的那些传统风格。 A)descendant 后代 B)predecessor 前人 C)successor 继任者 D)ancestor 祖先
必修科目考试不及格可能会导致得不到毕业证。 A)refusal 拒绝 B)betrayal 背叛 C)denial 否认 D)burial 埋葬
为了帮助学生更好地理解我们是如何看见东西的，老师们经常把眼睛和照相机作类比。 A)image 意象 B)analogy 类比 C)imitation 模仿 D)axis 轴
世界银行1994年的一份报告得出这样的结论：学校招收女生可能是发展中国家消除贫困的惟一最为有效的途径。 A)assign 指派 B)admit 承认 C)involve 包含 D)enroll 招收 四答案：
1. introducing改为 introduced； 2. great 改为 small； 3. was改为is；
4. as 后面的 if 去掉； 5. was 后面加a； 6. with改为by； 7. been改为be； 8. it改为them；
9. requested改为required； 10. what改为that。
五答案：
去掉，despite sth.;
2. rises 改raise (提出，引起问题) ； 3. question后加that;
4. into 改with , clash with 与…冲突； 5. appeal 后面加to, appeal to 吸引；
6. reigned 改reigning,此处是指占搜索引擎统治地位的Google, 不能用被动； 7. faced 改 faces; 8. term 改 terms 条款；
9. Those 改That , 这里that指上句话的意思，不用复数指代； 10. Google改A9, 逻辑上的错误。
六答案： 1. its改为their; 本题考查了大家识别代词所指的能力，its 指代genetically modified crops（为复数）, 所以应该改成their;
2. country改为countries; such country是指前面要求暂停进口转基因农产品的某些欧盟国家, 所以应该改成复数; 3. base 改为basis; 此处意为: 因为没有科学根据支持暂停(进口), it 指the moratorium; base 基础, 基地, 根据地; basis (for) 基础, 基本, 根据; 科学根据只能说scientific basis, 有的同学把base 后面的for 改为 on , 应该是受到了base on 这个短语的影响; 4. for 改为 against; the greens = the environmentalists 环保主义者。 Case 论点，论据， case for 后面的them指GM crops, case for sth. 支持某物的论点，case against sth. 反对某物的论点（削弱了）；
5. much 改为little; 逻辑错误，本句正常语序为Much evidence of health risks from eating them has emerged. 根据And, overall, 或后的语意，此行应该把much 改为little, 说明没有什么迹象、根据表明吃GM crops对健康有什么危险。
6. on 改为of; 本句的意思为：研究表明modified crops对环境造成的后果并没有环保主义者所声称的那样严重。 Environmental effects of modified crops (modified crops对环境造成的后果); 很多同学看到effects 以为后面一定跟on 就错了。 7. of 改with; find fault with 批评，找茬；
8. seem后面加to; seem to be taking固定结构，be 不能少；
9. which 改为that; taking the attitude that ..后为同位语从句，不能用which; 10. clear 改为unclear或者前面加not. 注意since 前面的and 表示前后语意一致。 因为欧洲人觉得仍然存在使用GM food的不利后果，并且他们作为消费者从GM food中会如何获得好处也不清楚，所以他们不愿意冒风险。
七答案：
改为dangerously 改为 numerous
past 改为in the past 改为 by 改为 out 改为 doing
letters 改为 thousands of letters 改为 threaten
改为 along 改为 well
八答案：
1. recognize 改为 recognizes 2. in 改为 on
3. consciously 改为 unconsciously 4. ago 改为 before 5. many 改为 much 6. on 去掉或者改成up 7. As 改为 Although 8. it 改为 them
9. outlining 改为 outlined 10. to 改为 in
九答案及详解：
1. of 去掉 ； in various ways或者说in a variety of ways 以各种各样的方式； 2. is 后加 of； be of a brief and simple kind 属于简短和简单的类型； be of …. kind是固定表达,意思为：属于…类型，比如说: sth of the same kind 同样类型的事物； 3. with 改为to；sb. be familiar with sth; sth be familiar to sb. ; 4. has改为 is 或者在has后加been; other material which has already securely learned 这里应该是已经被学习的材料的意思，所以应该用被动；
5. assures 改为 ensures；本句意思：所学习材料与他兴趣的相关性确保了这个学习材料可以在很多场合被回忆起来；assure和ensure是四六级常见考点；
6. one 改为this / the；这里是特指，“这个重复”指上文中新学习的材料与其它已经学习的材料以及个人兴趣的联系，也就是材料被学会之后被“重复”地使用； 7. remembering改为 forgetting；重复将遗忘的可能性减到最少；
8. narrower 改为 wider； 新材料的后续使用可能在很多背景下发生，因此，这个材料就与更广泛范围的材料联系在一起；
9. increasingly改为 increasing；副词修饰形容词或者动词等，比如increasingly popular; speak loudly; 形容词修饰名词；increasing readiness 表示“越来越方便；越来越迅速”；
10. had 改为 has；综合全段，这里应该是现在完成时。
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