高三英语新一轮复习(基础训练提高强化)名词

基础训练

1. (高三起点)As second-hand smoking is more harmful and dangerous, people want a total _____against smoking in public． A. ban B. brake C. breakthrough D. boundary

解析：A考查名词辨析。句意：因为二手烟更有害更危险，人们想完全禁止公共场合抽烟。ban禁止；brake刹车；breakthrough突破；boundary边界。根据句意可知该选择A项。

2.（润德高中高三月考）The doctors and nurses arrived at the _______ soon after the accident happened, so no people died from it . A .grave B. buffet C. scene D. passage

解析：C考查名词辨析。句意：医生和护士们在事故发生后很快赶到了现场，因此没有人在事故中死亡。grave坟墓，死亡；buffet自助餐，餐车；scene现场；passage通道，段落，经过。根据句意可知该选择C。

3. (高中高三期末)The speech from the new government is a _______ that major changes are on the way.

A .warning B. symbol C .goal D. signal

解析：D考查名词词义辨析。句意：来自于的讲话是一个信号，那就是主要的正在进行。warning警告；symbol 符号；goal目标；signal信号，根据句意可知该选择D。

4. （八市高三调考） Many people see the use of “dama” as_____ that the more advanced a country becomes, the more influential its

language is.

A. evidence B. balance C. reference D. preference

解析：A考查名词词义辨析。句意：很多人认为“大妈”一词的使用证明一个国家越发达，这个国家的语言影响力也会越大。Evidence证据，证明；balance平衡；reference参考；preference喜欢；偏好。根据句意可知选A。

5. （八市高三月考）If a young man wants the to move to a different city in future years, he should keep renting instead of buying a house. A. qualification B. flexibility C. benefit D. privilege

解析：B句意：如果年轻人将来想要可以灵活地迁移到另外的城市生活，他就该租房而不是买房。qualification资格; flexibility机动性，灵活性; benefit利益，好处; privilege特权。根据句意可知选B。

6. (高三质检)Sometimes the ______ between the reality and the dream is so great that it produces disappointment.

A. combination B. application C. contrast D.

disapproval 解析：C考查名词词义辨析。句意：现实和梦想之间的“反差”往往让人失望。contrast对照、对比；combination、集合；application 申请、用；disapproval不赞成。根据句意可知该选择C项。

7. (高中高三) The incident caused a hot discussion on the Internet, but the local government had no immediate _______ on it.

A. adjustment B. commitment C.

comment D. document

解析：C考查名词词义辨析。句意：这件事在上引起热烈的讨论，但是当地迅速对它做出了评论。adjustment调整；commitment 承诺，奉献；comment品论；document文件。根据句意可知该选择C项。

8. (高三起点)Future will be a marvelous world of artificial ______---- robots might have their emotions and we human beings might have robots as friends．

A． preference B． intelligence C． exhibition D． communication

解析：B考查名词辨析。句意：未来将是工智能的辉煌时代，机器人可能有情感，我们人类可能和机器人成为朋友。preference偏爱；intelligence智力；exhibition展览；communication 交流。根据句意可知该选择B项。

9. (高三)As second-hand smoking is more harmful and dangerous, people want a total _____against smoking in public． A． ban B． brake C． breakthrough

D． boundary

解析：A考查名词词义辨析。句意:因为二手烟更有害和更危险，人们想完全禁

止公共场合抽烟。ban禁止；brake刹车；breakthrough突破；.boundary边界。根据句意可知该选择A项。

10. (高三检测)As the world’s population continues to grow, the ___of food becomes more and more of a concern.

A. worth B. supply C. package D. list 解析：B考查名词词义辨析。句意:随着人口的持续增长，食物的供成为了人们越来越关心的问题。Worth价值；supply供；package包裹；list清单。根据句意可知该选择B项。

11. （中学高三月考） To create a harmonious society, we need to show greater ______ towards each other. A. response B. conflict C. expectation D. tolerance 解析：D句意：为了创造和谐社会，我们需要相互忍让。Response反映；conflict冲突；expectation期望； tolerance忍耐。根据句意可知该选择D项。 12.（高中高三9月）The two Chinese scientists have made a wonderful discovery, which marks a major _______ in the basic research in the field. A. reform B. approach C. boundary D. breakthrough

解析：D考查名词辨析。句意:这家做出重大发现，这标志看这个领域的重大

突破。reform； approach方式，方法；boundary边界；breakthrough突破。根据句意可知该选择D项。

13. （三校高三）Mr Wang has taught for thirty years. Everybody sings high

praise for his _______to the cause of education. A. application

B. invitation C. reception D.

devotion 解析：D考查名词辨析。句意:王先生已经教书十年了。每个人都高度赞扬他对事业的奉献。application申请，用；invitation邀请；reception接待；devotion奉献。根据句意可知该选择D项。

提高强化

1. (高三质检)The CCTV show Chinese Characters Dictation Competition has taken the country by storm, which is partly designed to arouse people's ________ in Chinese.

A. response B. enthusiasm C. significance D. consequence

解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：CCTV汉字听写大赛设置的初衷是为了唤起人们对中文的\"热情\"。 response to sth 对……的反；significance:意义、重要性；consequence:后果、结果。均不合题意。enthusiasm热情。故B项正确。

2. （中学高三）Often looking at your daily behavior from a different ______ will help you change your actions for the better. A .procedure B .perspective C. principle D .prediction

解析：B考查名词词义辨析。句意：经常从不同的角度审视自己的日常行为将会帮助你把自己的行为改变的更好。procedure程序；perspective角度；principle原则；prediction预测，根据句意可知该选择B。

3. (襄三)For many foreign learners, even if they have learnt Chinese for some years, they only have some _______with it, far from expert at this complex language．

A. addition B. commitment C. acquaintance D. capacity 解析：C考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于很多外国学习者而言，即使他们学习汉语几年了。

addition增加；commitment投入，奉献；acquaintance熟人，相识的人；capacity容量，才能，性能，生产能力。根据句意可知该选择C。

4. （三月） Mr Green often says “what is learnt in the ______ lasts to the grave”, intending to impress on us the significance of reading more books while we’re young.

A. brochure B. association C. encyclopedia D. cradle

解析：D考查名词辨析。句意：格林老师说“幼年时期学习的东西会伴随终身”，为了让我们意识到看书的重要性。brochure小册子；association协会，联想，交往；encyclopedia百科全书；cradle摇篮，发源地。in the cradle在幼年时期。故选D。

5. （中学高三月考）The accused man, who used to be an influential political chief in Chongqing, was sentenced to life in jail for taking bribery as well as ___ of power.

A. possession B. abuse C. occupation D. accusation

解析：B考查名词辨析。句意：被告曾是一个颇具影响力的政治领袖，因受贿和滥用职权被判终身监禁。possession所有；拥有；占有物； abuse滥用；侮辱； occupation 占用；占领；； accusation 谴责；指控。根据句意可知该选择B项。

6. （中学高三）“The Voice of China”, the program which is the Chinese

version of Dutch series ”The Voice of Holland”, has become very popular for it provides audience with a wide ___ of music styles that suit various tastes of music lovers.

A. division B. area C. range D. circle

解析：C本题考查的是名词辨析。句意：“中国好声音”是中国的“荷兰好声音”，这个节目很受欢迎因为它给观众提供各种各样的音乐风格，适合各种口味的音乐爱好者。division分开；分隔；area ；区域； range 范围；类别 ； circle圆圈；周期。根据句意可知该选择C项。

7.（八校高三）The lead singer was ill and couldn't sing that night, and her _______ didn't perform well, which made the audience disappointed. A .attitude B .substitute C. institute D .altitude

解析：B本题考查的是名词辨析。句意：那天晚上领衔歌手生病无法演出，她的替补表现得也不好，这让观众很失望。 substitute意为\"替换者；替补\"，符合句意。attitude意为\"态度\"， institute意为\"，协会；\"， altitude意为\"高度；海拔\"，这三项均不符合句意。

8. （八校高三第一次）Unlike a stage actor, a film actor must be able to perform small scenes out of __________ and often days apart in time. A. compliment B. strategy C. interruption D. sequence

解析：D考查名词词义辨析。句意：与戏剧演员不同，电影演员必须能够在打乱了先后顺序，常常是在相隔几天的情况下拍一些短镜头。sequence意为“次序，顺序”，compliment意为“恭维；称赞；问候；致意”，strategy意为“，

策略”，interruption意为“中断；干扰”。 根据句意可知选D。

9. (高月)When a good deed turns out to be part of a dishonest and untrue ______, it really hurts people and can make them indifferent (冷漠的) to others’ sufferings.

A. compromise B. scheme C. promotion D. discount 解析：B考查名词辨析。句意：当一件好事被证明是一场欺骗和虚伪的策划时，它能伤害人们并使人们对他人所遭受的苦难漠不关心。scheme“设计；策划，谋划”；compromise意为“折衷：妥协”，promotion“晋升；推销，促销；促

进”，discount“折扣”。 根据句意可知该选择B项。 10. （中学高三检测）It’s said that we are now living in an age in which the ______ of wealth appears to be more important than reputation. A. administration B. direction C. acquisition D. consideration

解析：C 考查名词辨析。句意：据说我们如今生活在追求发财致富似乎比追求名誉更重要的时代。acquisition“获得；取得”，administration“管理；行

政”，direction“指示，命令，指令”，consideration“考虑，关心”。 根据句意可知该选择C项。

11. （高三期末） One hundred percent _______ to your studies, though it can be lonely and no fun at all, will leave precious marks on your youth. A. commitment B. attention C. reference D. reaction

解析：A考查名词词义辨析。句意：百分百的致力于你的学习，尽管它可能会使你感到孤独和根本没有乐趣，但是它会在你的少年时期留下珍贵的印记。commitment致力; attention注意力; reference参考; reaction反。根据句意可知该选择A项。

12. (襄三)With the successful launch of Chang'e 3, China has received worldwide for its advances in the most complicated and difficult task in exploration of space．

A． recognition B． occupation C． encouragement D． progress

解析：A考查名词辨析。句意:随着嫦娥三号的发射，中困因为它在很多之岌杂的最困难的太空探险方面的任务的进步已经受到全的认可。recognition认可；occupation;encouragement鼓励;progress进步。根据句意可知该选择A项。