What’sclosetothemen’sclothingstore?A.Abank.B.Afoodstore.C.Atheater.10.Wheredoesthepostofficelie?A.Acrossthestreet.B.Nexttothetheatre.C.Threeblocksaway.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howdoesthemanadvisegoingtothepark?A.Onfoot.B.Bybus.C.Bybike.12.WhatwillthespeakersdoonSaturdaynight?A.Relaxathome.B.Organizeaparty.C.Havedinnerwithfriends.13.WhenwilltheyvisitthemuseumonSunday?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatisthemanspeaker?A.Asecretary.B.Amanager.C.Aroommate.15.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Herwindowwasbroken.B.Herhousewasbrokeninto.C.Somechildrenscoldedher.16.Whywillthemancomeover?A.Tocomfortthewoman.B.Toknowaboutthedamage.-2-C.Toseekforsomeclues.17.Howdidthewomanfeelwhenhearing“hecanbillmedirectly”?A.Joyful.B.Surprised.C.Calm.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhydidStevelikestayingonthehills?A.Theviewswereexcellent.B.Itcontributedtoimagination.C.Hecouldgetfullrelaxation.19.WhatstoriesdoesStevelovewriting?A.Fairytales.B.Fantasticstories.C.Horriblestories.20.WhatlifeisSteveliving?A.Abusylife.B.Ahardlife.C.Aquietlife.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AReadingmaybefundamental,buthowthebraingivesmeaningtolettersonapagehasbeenamystery.Twonewstudiesfillinsomedetailsonhowthebrainsofefficientreadershandlewords.Oneofthestudies,publishedintheApril30Neuron,suggeststhatavisual-processingareaofthebrainrecognizescommonwordsaswholeunits.Anotherstudy,publishedonlineApril27inPLOSONE,makesitknownthatthebrainoperatestwofastparallelsystemsforreading,linkingvisualrecognitionofwordstospeech.MaximilianRiesenhuber,aneuroscientistatGeorgetownUniversityinWashington,D.C.,wantedtoknowwhetherthebrainreadswordsletterbyletterorrecognizeswordsaswholeobjects.Heandhiscolleaguesshowedsetsofrealwordsornonsense(无意义的词语)wordstovolunteersundergoingfMRIscans.Thewordsdifferedinonlyoneletter,suchas“farm”and“form”or“soat”and“poat”,orwerecompletelydifferent,suchas“farm”and“coat”or“poat”and“hime”.Theresearcherswereparticularlyinterestedinwhathappensinthevisualwordformarea,orVWFA,-3-anareaontheleftsideofthebrainjustbehindtheearthatisinvolvedinrecognizingwords.Riesenhuberandhiscolleaguesfoundthatneurons(神经元)intheVWFArespondstronglytochangesinrealwords.Changing“farm”to“form”,forexample,producedasgreatachangeinactivityaschanging“farm”to”coat”,theteamreportsinNeuron.Thearearespondedslowlytosingle-letterchangesinmade-upwords.Thedatasuggeststhatreadersgrasprealwordsaswholeobjects,ratherthanfocusingonlettersorlettercombinations.Andasareader’sexposuretoawordincreases,thebraincomestorecognizetheshapeoftheword.Meaningispassedonafterrecognitioninthebrain,Riesenhubersays.Theresearchersdon’tyetknowhowlongerandlessfamiliarwordsarerecognized,orifthebraincanbetrainedtorecognizenonsensewordsasaunit.1.Riesenhuber’sresearchprobablyfocusesonwhetherthebrain______.A.recognizeswordsasaunitorreadsthemletterbyletter.B.operatestwofastparallelsystemsforreadingC.takeslongertoreadlessfamiliarwordsornotD.handlesnonsensewordsasaunit2.Riesenhuberandhiscolleaguescarriedouttheirresearchby______.A.givingpairsofrealwordstotallydifferentB.arrangingthewordsindifferentorderC.showingpairsofdifferentwordswords3.Riesenhuber’sresearchissignificantinthatitshowshowthebrain______A.respondstofamiliarwordsC.recognizestheformofaword【答案】1.A【解析】本文为说明文。阅读可能是最基本的，但大脑如何赋予一页纸上的字母以意义一直是个谜。2.C3.CB.relatesmeaningtolettersD.reactstomade-upwordsD.makingvolunteersreadsomelonger.
-4-两项新的研究填补了一些关于高效阅读者大脑如何处理单词的细节。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的MaximilianRiesenhuber,aneuroscientistatGeorgetownUniversityinWashington,D.C.,wantedtoknowwhetherthebrainreadswordsletterbyletterorrecognizeswordsaswholeobjects.可知，MaximilianRiesenhuber是华盛顿乔治敦大学的神经学家，他想知道大脑是逐字逐句地读单词，还是把单词当成一个整体来识别的。故A选项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的Heandhiscolleaguesshowedsetsofrealwordsornonsense(无意义的词语)wordstovolunteersundergoingfMRIscans.Thewordsdifferedinonlyoneletter,suchas“farm”and“form”or“soat”and“poat”,orwerecompletelydifferent,suchas“farm”and“coat”or“poat”and“hime”.可知，Riesenhuber和他的同事通过展示成对不同的单词进行的研究。故C选项正确。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的buthowthebraingivesmeaningtolettersonapagehasbeenamystery.（但大脑如何赋予一页纸上的字母以意义一直是个谜）及倒数第二段中的Thedatasuggeststhatreadersgrasprealwordsaswholeobjects,ratherthanfocusingonlettersorlettercombinations.Andasareader’sexposuretoawordincreases,thebraincomestorecognizetheshapeoftheword.（数据表明，读者将真实单词作为整体来把握，而不是把注意力集中在字母或字母组合上。随着读者对一个单词接触的增加，大脑开始识别这个单词的形状。）可推知，Riesenhuber的研究意义在于它展示了大脑如何识别一个单词的形式。故C选项正确。BOverthepastcoupleofdays,onourlocalFreecyclepagetherehavebeenalotofwantedposts,allfromthesameperson,basicallyaskingforeverythingyou’dneedtosetupahousefromscratch.Oneofthethingstheyaskedforwasaqueen-sizedbed.Atthattimewejusthappenedtohaveanextraone,soImessagedthem.Theyimmediatelycameintheafternoon.Thepeoplewhocame,twoladiesandaman,areactuallyfriendsofanotherwomannamedJennywhoownedayoungboy.Thiswomanhasescapedfromadangerous,-5-violentrelationshipandthesefriendsofhersarehelpingherandhersonstartoveragain,witheverythingfromfurnituretotoothbrushesontheirlistofneeds.Whiletheywerehere,Ialsogavethemoneofoursparebookcaseandsomecoffeecups.Ievenaskedthemtokeepintouchincasetheyneededanythingelse—Ihaveawayofconnectingpeoplewiththings.Iofferedthewomanacupboardwehadaswell;herfriendsjustneededtoseeiftherewasaplaceand/oraneedforitintheirfriend’snewhome.Iwassoexcitedtomeetthoselovingpeople,whowereobviouslywillingtohelptheirfriend.Itwasclearhowprotectivetheyfeltofthiswomanandherboy,howmuchtheyloveherandwantedhertohaveahappyandsafelife,andtospendevenafewminuteswithpeoplelikethatisanexperienceI’llrememberforalong,longtime.Aquickthank-youtoallwhohavesentmoredonationsoverthelastcoupleofdays,aswellaslovelymessagesofthanksandblessings.Sometimesit’shardtokeepupwithitall,butit’saproblemI’mhappytohave.4.Whatwerethepeoplewhoarrivedattheauthor’sintheafternoongoingtodo?A.Promotesomeproductscustomersneeded.away.C.Recyclesecond-handfurniture.furniture.5.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Warm-hearted.Intelligent.6.Fromthelasttwoparagraphs,wecaninferthat________.A.theauthordoesn'tliketospendtoomuchtimewiththosepeoplelikeJenny'sfriendsB.Jennyandherboywillhardlygethelpfromtheauthor'sfriendsC.theauthorwasdisappointedwiththoseonlysendingmessagesofthanksandblessingsD.Jennyandherboywillhaveanewstartwiththehelpofpeople7.Thesuitabletitleforthetextshouldbe“_________”.A.Nopains,nogainsB.Godhelpsthosewhohelp-6-B.FetchthebedtheauthorwouldgiveD.Helprepairtheauthor'sB.Mean.C.Narrow-minded.D.themselvesC.Manyhandsmakelightwork【答案】4.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者通过物品利用网站上帮助了一位遭受家庭暴力的女性和孩子；给他们赠送了一些自己不用的生活用品，这位女性和孩子在朋友、作者以及其他好心人的帮助下也将重新开始，这些都给予作者一种做善事的精神慰藉。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Oneofthethingstheyaskedforwasaqueen-sizedbed.Atthattimewejusthappenedtohaveanextraone,soImessagedthem.Theyimmediatelycameintheafternoon.(他们要的东西之一是一张大号床。当时我们刚好多了一个，所以我给他们发了短信。他们下午马上就来了。)可知，下午来到作者家的人是去取作者要赠送的床。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中Whiletheywerehere,Ialsogavethemoneofoursparebookcaseandsomecoffeecups.Ievenaskedthemtokeepintouchincasetheyneededanythingelse—Ihaveawayofconnectingpeoplewiththings.（当他们在这里的时候，我也给了他们一个多余的书架和一些咖啡杯。我甚至要求他们保持联系，以防他们需要其他东西——我有一种把人和事物联系起来的方法。）可知，作者是一个热心肠的人。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后两段中Itwasclearhowprotectivetheyfeltofthiswomanandherboy,howmuchtheyloveherandwantedhertohaveahappyandsafelife,andtospendevenafewminuteswithpeoplelikethatisanexperienceI’llrememberforalong,longtime.（很明显，他们对这个女人和她的儿子是多么的保护，他们是多么的爱她，多么希望她有一个幸福和安全的生活，哪怕是和这样的人呆上几分钟，这段经历我也会记得很久很久。）和Aquickthank-youtoallwhohavesentmoredonationsoverthelastcoupleofdays,aswellaslovelymessagesofthanksandblessings.Sometimesit’shardtokeepupwithitall,butit’saproblemI’mhappytohave.（向所有在过去几天里捐了更多钱的人表示快速的感谢，以及表达感谢和祝福的可爱信息。有时很-7-D.Wherethereiswill,thereisaway7.C5.A6.D难跟上，但这是一个我很高兴的问题。）可知，从最后两段，我们可以推断，在人们的帮助下，珍妮和她的儿子将有一个新的开始。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。文章介绍了在物品利用网站上帮助了一位遭受家庭暴力的女性和孩子；给他们赠送了一些自己不用的生活用品，这位女性和孩子在朋友和我们这些陌生好心人的帮助下也将有一个新的开始。这给了作者一种做善事的精神慰藉。所以本文最佳主题是“众人拾柴火焰高”。故选C。【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第2小题，根据第三段中Whiletheywerehere,Ialsogavethemoneofoursparebookcaseandsomecoffeecups.Ievenaskedthemtokeepintouchincasetheyneededanythingelse—Ihaveawayofconnectingpeoplewiththings.（当他们在这里的时候，我也给了他们一个多余的书架和一些咖啡杯。我甚至要求他们保持联系，以防他们需要其他东西——我有一种把人和事物联系起来的方法。）可知，作者是一个热心肠的人。故选A。CWhenyoustartworkingonsomethingbutdon’tfinishit,thoughtsoftheunfinishedworkcontinuetojumpintoyourmindevenwhenyou’vemovedontootherthings.PsychologistsrefertothispsychologicalphenomenonastheZeigarnikeffect.TheeffectwasfirstobservedbyaRussianpsychologistnamedBlumaZeigarnik.WhilesittinginabusyrestaurantinVienna,shenotedthewaitershadbettermemoriesofunpaidorders.Oncethebillwaspaid,however,thewaitershaddifficultyrememberingtheexactdetailsoftheorders.Inoneofherstudies,participantswereaskedtocompletesimpletaskssuchasputtingtogetherpuzzles,orsolvingmathproblems.Halfoftheparticipantswereinterruptedhalfwaythroughthesetasks.Afteranhour-longdelay,Zeigarnikaskedtheparticipantstogiveanaccountofwhatthey’dbeenworkingon.Shediscoveredthatthosewhohadtheirworkinterruptedweretwiceaslikelytorememberwhattheyhadbeendoingasthosewhohadactuallycompletedthetasks.Wecanusethiseffecttoouradvantage.Forexample,ifyou’restrugglingto-8-memorizesomethingimportant,momentaryinterruptionsmightactuallyworktoyouradvantage.Ratherthansimplyremembertheinformationoverandoveragain,reviewitseveraltimesandthentakeabreak.Whileyou’refocusingonotherthings,you’llfindyourselfmentallyreturningtotheinformationyouwerestudying.Weoftenputofftasksuntilthelastmoment,onlycompletingtheminarushatthelastpossiblemoment.Unfortunately,thistendencycanleadtoheavystressandevenpoorperformance.OnewaytoovercomethisistoputtheZeigarnikeffecttowork.Startbytakingthefirststep,nomatterhowsmall.Onceyou’vebegun，butnotfinishedyourwork,you’llfindyourselfthinkingofthetaskuntil,atlast,youfinishit.Youmightnotfinishitallatonce,buteachsmallstepyoutakeputsyouclosertoyourfinalgoal.8.WhatdoestheZeigarnikeffectreferto?A.Waiterstendtohavegoodmemories.B.Onceinterrupted,onewillforgetthingseasily.C.Mostpeoplecan’tfocusononethingforalongtime.D.Peoplerememberunfinishedtasksbetterthancompletedones.9.Whatwerealltheparticipantsrequiredtodointhestudy?A.Describetheirtasks.C.Testtheirintelligence.B.Expresstheirfeelings.D.Designsimpleactivities.10.HowshouldwestudyaccordingtotheZeigarnikeffect?A.Repeatoverandoveragain.C.Focusonseveraltasksatatime.B.Divideupourstudysession.D.Haveenoughrestbeforestudying.11.What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Howtogetridofheavystress.B.Whyweshouldsetafinalgoal.C.Howtobreakthehabitofdelayingwork.D.Whywealwayscompletetasksinarush.【答案】8.D【解析】本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了一种常见的心理现象—蔡加尼克效应。这种心理现象对我们-9-9.A10.B11.C的生活与学习有诸多启示。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中WhilesittinginabusyrestaurantinVienna,shenotedthewaitershadbettermemoriesofunpaidorders.Oncethebillwaspaid,however,thewaitershaddifficultyrememberingtheexactdetailsoftheorders.(当她坐在维也纳一家繁忙的餐馆里时，她注意到服务员对未付订单有更好的记忆。然而，一旦账单被支付，服务员就很难记住订单的确切细节。)和第二段的Shediscoveredthatthosewhohadtheirworkinterruptedweretwiceaslikelytorememberwhattheyhadbeendoingasthosewhohadactuallycompletedthetasks.(她发现，那些工作被打断的人比那些实际完成任务的人更有可能记住他们所做的事情)可推断，蔡加尼克效应指人们对于尚未处理完的事比已处理完成的事情印象更加深刻。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的Afteranhour-longdelay,Zeigarnikaskedtheparticipantstogiveanaccountofwhatthey’dbeenworkingon.可知，Zeigarnik要求参与者描述他们一直在做什么。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的ifyou’restrugglingtomemorizesomethingimportant,momentaryinterruptionsmightactuallyworktoyouradvantage.Ratherthansimpleremembertheinformationoverandoveragain,reviewitseveraltimesandthentakeabreak.（如果你在努力记住一些重要的东西，短暂的中断实际上可能对你有利。不是简单地一遍又一遍地记住信息，而是复习几遍，然后休息一下.）可推断，我们应该分几个时间段学习。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段的OnewaytoovercomethisistoputtheZeigarnikeffecttowork.（克服这一问题的一种方法是使蔡加尼克效应发挥作用。）以及下文讲述的实施过程可知，本段主要告诉我们如何有效利用蔡加尼克效应来改善拖延症。故选C。DTheSilkRoadisarguablythemostfamouslong-distancetraderouteoftheancientworld.ThispassageconnectedEuropeintheWestwithChinaintheEast,andallowedtheexchangeofgoods,technology,andideasbetweenthetwocivilizations.Although-10-merchantscouldmakehugeprofitstravellingtheroad,itwasnotwithoutrisk.ThemainSilkRoadstartedinChang’an(knowntodayasXi’an),theearlyHancapital.TravelerscommencingtheirjourneyfromthiscitycouldtakeanorthernroutethatwouldtakethemacrossChina’snorthwesternprovinces.Afterthis,theywouldfacetheGobiDesert,arguablythegreatestdangeroftheSilkRoad.TheGobiDesert,thelargestdesertinAsia,consistsmainlyofrocky,hardearth.Thisfeaturemadeiteasierfortraderstotravelacross,comparedtosandydesertsliketheneighboringTaklamakanDesert.Likeotherdeserts,theGobiDesertisdryandhot,andthereforethebiggestchallengetravelersfacedwasobtainingenoughwaterforthemselvesaswellasfortheircamels.So,reststopswerecreatedalongtheroute,allowingtravelerstorest,anddrink.Theseeatplacesalsopromotedtheexchangeofgoods,andevenideas,amongstthetravelerswhostoppedthere.Usually,thereststopswereplacedwithinaday’sjourneyofeachother.Inthisway,travelerscouldavoidspendingtoomuchtimeinthedesert,whichwouldmakethemtargetsforrobbers,anotherdangeroftheSilkRoad.OncethroughtheGobiDesert,travelerswouldcontinuetheirjourneyintoIran,Turkey,andfinallyEurope.Whilstthispartofthejourneymayhavebeenlessdangerous,itisnotentirelywithoutitsperils.12.Theunderlinedword“it”inthefirstparagraphrefersto_____.A.makinghugeprofitsC.exchanginggoodsandideascivilizations13.WhywastheGobiDeserteasiertocrossthanotherdeserts?A.Thedesert’ssurfacewaseasiertowalkon.B.Camelsfortransportationwereeasiertofind.C.Itwassmallerandcouldbecrossedinlesstime.D.Thereweremorenaturalwatersourcesavailable.14WhatcanweguessaboutthereststopsintheGobiDesert?B.travelingtheSilkRoadD.connectingdifferent.
-11-A.Travelerswereofferedfreeaccommodation.B.Theywerelocatedaroundtheedgesofthedesert.C.Travelersstayingtherewereoftenattackedbycriminals.D.Theyweresharedbytravelersfromdifferentcountries.15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.TheoriginsoftheSilkRoad.B.ThebenefitsoftheSilkRoad.C.ThedifficultiesfacedbySilkRoadtravelers.D.TheculturalexchangesamongSilkRoadtravelers.【答案】12.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。尽管穿越丝绸之路的商人可以挣大钱，但穿越丝绸之路并非毫无风险。文章主要说明了丝绸之路危险重重，丝绸之路商人面临的两大挑战一是沿途地理环境恶劣，二是路途可能遭遇的歹徒抢劫。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文Althoughmerchantscouldmakehugeprofitstravellingtheroad可知，尽管穿越丝绸之路的商人可以挣大钱，但穿越丝绸之路并非毫无风险。根据该句表达的含义可推断出it指“穿越丝绸之路”。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中TheGobiDesert,thelargestdesertinAsia,consistsmainlyofrocky,hardearth.Thisfeaturemadeiteasierfortraderstotravelacross,comparedtosandydesertsliketheneighboringTaklamakanDesert.可知，戈壁沙漠是亚洲最大的沙漠，主要由坚硬的岩石构成。与邻近的塔克拉玛干沙漠等沙质沙漠相比，这一特点使商人更容易穿越。由此可知，戈壁沙漠之所以比其他沙漠容易穿越，是因为戈壁沙漠地表主要是坚硬的岩石，比较容易走。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中So,reststopswerecreatedalongtheroute,allowingtravelerstorest,eatanddrink.Theseplacesalsopromotedtheexchangeofgoods,andevenideas,amongstthetravelerswhostoppedthere.可知，因此，沿途设立了休-12-13.A14.D15.C息站，让旅客休息、吃饭和喝水。这些地方也促进了停留在那里的旅客之间的货物甚至思想的交流。由此推知，丝绸之路沿途驿站是世界各国旅行者共享的。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一段Althoughmerchantscouldmakehugeprofitstravellingtheroad,itwasnotwithoutrisk.可知，尽管穿越丝绸之路的商人可以挣大钱，但穿越丝绸之路并非毫无风险。结合文章主要说明了丝绸之路危险重重，丝绸之路商人面临的两大挑战一是沿途地理环境恶劣，二是路途可能遭遇的歹徒抢劫。故选C。【点睛】代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系、判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象，包括考查it(指动物，无生命的事物、特定的事件或人)，they/them(指代人、物、事件的复数名词)，he/she等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意义，考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人，物，事件的认知能力。解答这类题时，同学们要认真阅读画线词所在句和前后临近句的内容，分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程，理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而准确推断其指代的对象。如第一小题，根据上文Althoughmerchantscouldmakehugeprofitstravellingtheroad可知，尽管穿越丝绸之路的商人可以挣大钱，但穿越丝绸之路并非毫无风险。根据该句表达的含义可知推断出it指“穿越丝绸之路”。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。LeonardodaVinciandNatureInthemodernworld,artandsciencearetwoveryseparateactivities,butinLeonardo’stimetheywerecloselyconnected.Sciencemeantmathematicsandmedicalstudies.___16___Mathematicsincludedpracticalworklikesurveyinglandformakingmapsaswellasmeasuringthemovementsofthestarsinthesky.Anartistmightneedtomeasurethedifferentpartsofthebody.Hecouldalsousemathematicstoplacethingsinrelationshiptoeachotherinadrawingorpaintingsothescenelookedcorrect.___17___Mathematicswasalsoconnectedtomusicbecausemusicalsoundshaveafixedrelationshipwitheachotherthatcanbedescribedinnumbers.___18___Morethanthis,though,Leonardobelievedthatnumberswereapartofallthingsintheworld,includingmusic,andhesaidthat“withoutthemnothingcanbedone.”-13-“Naturehaskindlygivenusthingseverywheretocopy,”wroteLeonardo.Inallhisactivities,Leonardowastryingtodiscovertherulesthatcontrolnature.Inhissearchforthoserules,helookedverycarefullyatalotofexamplesanddetails.Actualexperiencewasmoreimportanttohimthanopinion,andheworkedfromfactstoideas.___19___Hispurposewastoexaminetheworldsohecouldcopyitinbeautifulpaintingsandsculptures.Healsowantedtolearnfromthecleversolutionsofnature.___20___Hisquicklittlesketches(素描),oftendonewhilewanderingoutside,helpedhimtocatchamovementorashape.Morecarefuldrawingswouldbedoneatadeskwithapenandruler.InJuly2001,asmalldrawingbyLeonardowassoldfor$12million.Itwasthemostexpensivedrawingintheworld.A.Leonardowasalwaysdrawing.B.Howcouldthesebeconnectedwithart?C.Leonardo’sideaswerevastlyaheadofhistime.D.Mathematiciansanddoctorsworkedtodiscovertheunknown.E.Aboveall,Leonardowantedtounderstandhowandwhythingsworked.F.YouwillseeagoodexampleofsuchpositioninginthepaintingofTheLastSupper.G.Leonardohimselfwasaverygoodmusicianandlikedtoplayaninstrumentandsing.【答案】16.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在现代世界，艺术和科学是两个非常的活动，但在达芬奇的时代，它们是紧密联系在一起的。文章主要介绍了LeonardodaVinci对音乐和思想的方面的见解。【16题详解】根据上文Inthemodernworld,artandsciencearetwoveryseparateactivities,butinLeonardo’stimetheywerecloselyconnected.Sciencemeantmathematicsandmedicalstudies.可知，在现代世界，艺术和科学是两个非常的活动，但在达芬奇的时代，它们是紧密联系在一起的。科学意味着数学和医学研究。由此可知，此处应是提出疑问——科学与艺术有什么联系。故B选项“这些与艺术有什么联系呢？”符合上下文语境。故选B。【17题详解】根据上文Hecouldalsousemathematicstoplacethingsinrelationshiptoeachother-14-17.F18.G19.C20.Ainadrawingorpaintingsothescenelookedcorrect.可知，他还可以用数学来把事物之间的关系画在一幅画或油画中，使场景看起来是正确的。由此可知，本句应当承接上文说明他的哪一副作品体现了这种用数学来联系事物之间的关系。故F选项“你会在《最后的晚餐》这幅画中看到这种定位的一个很好的例子”符合上下文语境。故选F。【18题详解】根据后文Morethanthis,though,Leonardobelievedthatnumberswereapartofallthingsintheworld,includingmusic,andhesaidthat“withoutthemnothingcanbedone.”可知，不仅如此，Leonardo相信数字是世界上一切事物的一部分，包括音乐。他说：“没有数字，什么也做不成。”由此可知，Leonardo喜欢音乐，他相信数字是世界上一切事物的一部分，包括音乐。故G选项“Leonardo本人是一个非常好的音乐家，喜欢演奏乐器和唱歌”符合上下文语境。故选G。【19题详解】根据上文Actualexperiencewasmoreimportanttohimthanopinion,andheworkedfromfactstoideas.可知，对他来说，实际经验比意见更重要，他从现实到思想进行工作。由此可知，本句承接上文继续说明Leonardo的思想。上文中ideas可知对应到C选项中Leonardo’sideas。故C选项“Leonardo的思想远远超前于他的时代”符合上下文语境。故选C。【20题详解】根据后文Hisquicklittlesketches,oftendonewhilewanderingoutside,helpedhimtocatchamovementorashape.可知，他经常在外面闲逛的时候画一些速写，帮助他捕捉一个动作或一个形状。由此可知，本段是在说明Leonardo日常喜欢绘画的情况。故A选项“Leonardo总是在画画”符合上下文语境。故选A。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mysondidwellinhisfinalexam,soItookhimtoapopularrestauranttodayforalunchtime___21___.Itseemedeveryoneelsehadthe___22___idea.Sotheplacewas___23___!Idrovearoundthesmallparkinglotfor30minutes___24___foraspotandI___25___foundone.Aladyreturningtoher___26___waspreparedtoleave,which-15-wasareliefforme.Ifollowedherandwaitedwith___27___forhertomakeroomforme.___28___IdidthisIlookedinmyrearvisionmirror(后视镜)andnoticedayoungmanswiftlypullupbehindme.Assoonashesawmycarlightonforthespot,hebeganhittinghissteeringwheelangrilyand___29___.Iknewthoseunpleasantwordsweren’tdirectedatmebutatthe____30____thathehadmissedaspot.Ifelthis____31____forItoohadbeen____32____theplaceforages.Astheladydroveoutofthespot,Ididsomethingthat____33____shockedmyself.I____34____mycarlightanddrovestraightpast.____35____,themanwassoshockedandpuzzledthathewasn’t____36____whattodonext.Iwoundmywindow,reachedoutmyhandand____37____forhimtotakeit,callingoutatthesametime“It’syours.”ButafterIdidthatIdroveaway____38____.MaybeitwasbecauseIhadwaitedsolongforaspotIhadjustgivenaway.ThereasonwhyIletthatmanhavemyspotwasn’ttobekind.Honestly,thethoughthadn’teven____39____mymind.ItwasbecauseseeinghisreactionIknewthespot____40____moretohim.21.A.decoration22.A.strange23.A.packed24.A.applying25.A.directlyeventually26.A.restaurant27.A.anxiety28A.AsB.roomB.patienceB.ThoughB.swearingC.carC.jealousyC.IfC.whisperingD.spotD.cautionD.SinceD.B.treatB.grandB.ruinedB.accountingB.immediatelyC.recipeC.sameC.dangerousC.payingC.firstlyD.chanceD.normalD.distantD.seekingD..
29.A.staringtrembling30.A.amusementexcitement31.A.envyB.disappointmentC.embarrassmentD.B.terrorC.sufferingD.crime-16-32.A.inspectingcirculating33.A.even34.A.turnedoffout35.A.Atrandomresult36.A.careful37.A.concludedapplauded38.A.weeping39.A.missed40.A.provedconnected【答案】21.BB30.B22.C31.CB.coveringC.circlingD.B.justB.tookawayC.stillC.knockeddownD.yetD.pulledB.BycoincidenceC.OnthecontraryD.AsaB.afraidB.signaledC.ashamedC.queuedD.sureD.B.smilingB.caughtB.broughtC.cheeringC.threwC.meantD.teasingD.crossedD.23.A32.C24.D33.A25.D34.A26.C35.D27.B36.D28.A37.B29.38.A39.D【解析】【分析】40.C本文是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子期末考试考得很好，所以作者带他去一家很受欢迎的餐馆吃午饭，结果那个地方人很多，作者开着车在那个小停车场转了30分钟，想找个停车位，终于找到了一个。但是最终把车位让给了一个年轻人，因为作者认为那个车位对那个年轻人更重要。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我儿子期末考试考得很好，所以今天我带他去一家很受欢迎的餐馆吃午饭。A.decoration装饰；B.treat请客，款待；C.recipe配方；D.chance机会。根据上文Mysondidwellinhisfinalexam可知，我请儿子去吃午饭。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：似乎每个人都有同样的想法。A.strange奇怪的；B.grand壮丽的；C.same同样的；D.normal正常的。根据下文Idrovearoundthesmallparkinglot-17-for30minutes___4___foraspotandI___5___foundone.可知，这里人很多，似乎每个人都有同样的想法。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以这个地方挤满了人！A.packed拥挤的；B.ruined荒废的；C.dangerous危险的；D.distant遥远的。根据下文Idrovearoundthesmallparkinglotfor30minutes___4___foraspotandI___5___foundone.可知，这个地方挤满了人。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开着车在那个小停车场转了30分钟，想找个停车位，终于找到了一个。A.applying申请；B.accounting解释；C.paying支付；D.seeking寻找。根据语境可知，此处指寻找车位。故选D。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我开着车在那个小停车场转了30分钟，想找个停车位，终于找到了一个。A.directly直接地；B.immediately立刻；C.firstly首先；D.eventually最终。根据上文Idrovearoundthesmallparkinglotfor30minutes___4___foraspot可知，此处指最终找到了一个停车位。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位女士回到车上准备离开，这让我松了一口气。A.restaurant餐馆；B.room房间；C.car汽车；D.spot地方。根据语境可知，此处指一位女士回到车上准备离开。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我跟着她，耐心地等着她给我腾出地方来。A.anxiety焦虑；B.patience耐心；C.jealousy嫉妒；D.caution谨慎。根据上文Aladyreturningtoher___6___waspreparedtoleave,whichwasareliefforme.可知，我耐心地等着。故选B。【28题详解】考查连接词辨析。句意：就在我这么做的时候，我从后视镜里注意到到一个年轻人迅速地停在我后面。A.As当……的时候；B.Though虽然；C.If如果；D.Since既然，自从。根据下文noticedayoungmanswiftlypullupbehindme.可知，就在我这么做的时候。故选A。【29题详解】-18-考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一看到我的车灯照着那个车位，就开始愤怒地打方向盘，骂骂咧咧。A.staring开始；B.swearing咒骂；C.whispering耳语；D.trembling颤抖。根据上文hebeganhittinghissteeringwheelangrily可知，此处指那个年轻人骂骂咧咧。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道那些不愉快的话不是针对我的，而是针对他错过了一个机会而感到的失望。A.amusement消遣，娱乐；B.disappointment失望；C.embarrassment尴尬；D.excitement兴奋。根据上文Iknewthoseunpleasantwordsweren’tdirectedatme可知，年轻人因为错过了一个机会而感到失望，从而愤怒地打方向盘，骂骂咧咧。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到了他的痛苦，因为我也在这个地方转了很久了。A.envy嫉妒；B.terror恐怖；C.suffering痛苦；D.crime犯罪。根据下文forItoohadbeen___12___theplaceforages.可知，我感到了他的痛苦。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到了他的痛苦，因为我也在这个地方转了很久了。A.inspecting检查；B.covering覆盖；C.circling打转；D.circulating循环。根据上文Idrovearoundthesmallparkinglotfor30minutes___4___foraspotandI___5___foundone.可知，我也在这个地方转了很久了。故选C。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当那位女士开车离开现场时，我做了一件连我自己都震惊的事。A.even甚至；B.just只是；C.still仍然；D.yet但是。根据下文可知，我把车位让给了年轻人，这是一件连我自己都震惊的事。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我把汽车灯关掉，径直开过去了。A.turnedoff关掉；B.tookaway带走；C.knockeddown击倒；D.pulledout撤退。根据上文Assoonashesawmycarlightonforthespot可知，我把汽车灯关掉，径直开过去了。故选A。【35题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：结果，那个人如此震惊和困惑，以至于他不确定下一步该做什么。A.Atrandom随便地；B.Bycoincidence碰巧；C.Onthecontrary正相反；D.Asaresult-19-结果。根据语境可知，此处描述的是我那样做后的结果。故选D。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果，那个人如此震惊和困惑，以至于他不确定下一步该做什么。A.careful仔细的；B.afraid害怕的；C.ashamed羞愧的；D.sure确定的。根据上文themanwassoshockedandpuzzled不确定下一步该做什么。故选D。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打开窗户，伸出手示意他使用它，同时喊道：“它是你的了。”A.concluded推断；B.signaled(打手势或发声音)向……示意；C.queued排队；D.applauded鼓掌。根据上文Iwoundmywindow,reachedoutmyhand可知，我伸出手向他示意。故选B。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样做之后，我悲哀地开车离开了。A.weeping哭泣；悲哀；B.smiling微笑；C.cheering欢呼；D.teasing取笑。根据下文MaybeitwasbecauseIhadwaitedsolongforaspotIhadjustgivenaway.可知，这样做之后，我也感到很难过。故选A。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，这种想法甚至都没有闪过我的脑海。A.missed错过，思念；B.caught抓住；C.threw扔；D.crossed闪过。根据上文ThereasonwhyIletthatmanhavemyspotwasn’ttobekind.可知，这种想法甚至都没有闪过我的脑海。故选D。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是因为看到他的反应，我知道那个地方对他更重要。A.proved证明；B.brought带来；C.meant意味着；D.connected联系。根据becauseseeinghisreaction可知，看到他的反应，我知道那个地方对他来说更重要。故选C。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第3小题，根据下文Idrovearoundthesmallparkinglotfor30minutes___4___foraspotandI___5___foundone.可知，我开着车在那个小停车场转了30分钟，想找个停车位。由此可知，这个地方挤满了人。A.packed拥挤的；B.ruined荒废的；C.dangerous危险的；D.distant遥远的。句意：所以这个地方挤满了人！故选A。-20-可知，那个人对于我把车位让给他感到非常震惊，第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。IcanwellrememberthatIwasonceaskedtodeliveraspeech___41___(title)—“ARealTestinMyLife”—beforethewholeclassattheageof9!Youcanimaginehow___42___(terrible)shyIwasthemomentIthoughtofthatwithsomanyeyesfixed___43___me.Ihadnochoicebut___44___(prepare)forit,though.Firstofall,Iwastodraftthespeech,whichwasjustapieceofcakeforme,agoodwriter.Butthehardestpartlayinmyoral___45___(present)frommymemory—forreadingfromthepaper____46____(forbid).TherealmomentbeganwhenIstoodontheplatformwithmylegstremblingandmymindblank.Butmylistenerswerewaitingpatientlywithoutanysignsofrushingme.GraduallyIfound___47___back,deliveringmyspeechwithoutdifficulty.After___48___seemedtobeahundredyears,Ifoundmyaudienceapplauding—Imadeit.Fromthenon,myfearoftalkingbefore___49___bigaudiencedisappeared.Actuallywithmyconfidencebuiltup,Inowturnouttobeagreatspeaker.Lookingback,Iknowthegreatestdifficultyonourwaytosuccessisourfear.Overcomeit,_____50_____wewillbeabletoachieveourgoals.【答案】41.titled42.terribly43.on/upon44.toprepare45.presentation46.wasforbidden47.myself49.a【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在9岁时，在全班面前做演讲的经历。作者明白了通往成功路上最大的困难是我们的恐惧。克服它，我们就能实现我们的目标。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我还清楚地记得，9岁的时候，我曾被要求在全班同学面前做一次题-21-48.what50.and为“我生命中真正的考验”的演讲。title与speech是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词作定语。故填titled。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：你可以想象当我想到这件事的时候，有那么多的眼睛盯着我，我是多么地害羞。此处修饰形容词shy，应使用副词。故填terribly。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：你可以想象当我想到这件事的时候，有那么多的眼睛盯着我，我是多么地害羞。fixone’seyeson/upon“某人的眼睛注视着，盯着看”。故填on/upon。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，我别无选择，只能做好准备。此处是固定短语：havenochoicebuttodosth.“除了做某事之外别无选择”。故填toprepare。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：但我记忆中最难的部分是我的口头陈述——因为阅读论文是被禁止的。根据空前myoral可知，此处指“我的口头陈述”，应使用名词。故填presentation。【46题详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：但我记忆中最难的部分是我的口头陈述——因为阅读论文是被禁止的。readingfromthepaper与forbid是被动关系，且句子描述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wasforbidden。【47题详解】考查代词。句意：渐渐地，我发现自己又回来了，毫无困难地发表了我的演讲。根据语境可知，此处指“我自己”，应使用反身代词。故填myself。【48题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：似乎一百年后，我发现我的观众在鼓掌——我成功了。此处引导after之后的宾语从句，从句缺少主语，应使用what引导。故填what。【49题详解】考查冠词。句意：从那以后，我不再害怕在一大群观众面前讲话了。此处泛指“一大群观众”，且big是以辅音音素开头的词，应使用不定冠词a。故填a。【50题详解】考查连词。句意：克服它，我们就能实现我们的目标。此处是固定句型：祈使句，and/or+将来时的陈述句。根据句意可知，前后是顺承关系，应使用and。故填and。-22-第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。LiMingisafriendofmine.I'mgladhechangedgreatlyinthepasttwoyears.Iclearlyrememberhewasquitefattwoyearsbefore.Hegottiredsoeasythathecouldn'ttakeexercise,thatmadehimveryupset.Later,herealizedunlesshewentonlikethat,hewouldendupachievenothing.So,hemadeuphismindstomakeachange.Hewentrunningeverymorningandplayedthebasketballeveryafternoon.Besides,hefollowedadietofmorevegetablesorlessmeat.Graduallyhebegantoloseweight.Heisnowanenergeticboyingoodhealth.Sowhenfacedwithproblems,weshouldovercomeitwithgreatdeterminationandstrongwillpower.【答案】1.在changed前加has；2.before→ago；3.easy→easily；4.that→which；5.unless→if；6.achieve→achieving；7.minds→mind；8.把basketball前的the去掉；9.or→and；10.it→them【解析】1.根据inthepasttwoyears可知，句子用现在完成时态，故在changed前加has。2.句意：我记得两年前他很胖。句子用一般过去时态，表示两年前用twoyearsago，故把before改为ago。3.副词修饰动词，故把easy改为easily。4.整个句子作先行词，后面是非性定语从句，that不能引导非性定语从句，指代整个句子用which；故that改为which。5.句意：后来，他意识到如果继续像那样。此处是if引导的宾语从句，表“如果”，故unless改为if。6.固定搭配：endupdoingsth.以做某事而结束，故把achieve改为achieving。-23-7.固定词组：makeupone’smind下决心。故把minds改为mind。8.固定结构：playbasketball打篮球。play和球类连用不用冠词，故把playthebasketball中的the去掉。9.句意：更多的蔬菜和较少的的肉。故or改为and。10.因为前半句的problems是名词复数，所以后面用them替代，故it改为them。【名师点睛】与现在完成时态连用的时间有since（自从……以来）；lately（近来，最近）；sofar（到目前为止）；in(during)thelast(past)fewyears（在最近的几年里）等。Hehaslivedheresincehewasborn。本题第1小题含有时间状语inthepasttwoyears（在最近的两年里），故句子应用现在完成时态。第二节书面表达(满分25分)52.假定你是李华，最近中国日报（ChinaDaily）专门为外国人举办2020“最美中国”（AmazingChina）手机摄影大赛。请你写信建议你校英国留学生Geroge参加。信的内容包括：1.作品内容形式；2.提交的时间和方式；3.表示愿意提供帮助。注意：1.词数100左右；2.适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearGeroge,Howiseverythinggoing?Ihavesomeexcitingnewsforyou!ChinaDailywillholdamobilephotocontestnamed“AmazingChina”,onlyopentoforeigners.Iknowyoulovephotography,sowhynothaveatry?Thecontestwelcomessubmissionsaboutnaturalscenery,famousplacesorhistoricalsites,localcustomsofChinaandsoforth.Andeveryphotoshouldbeaccompaniedwithanexplanation:thetime,place,nameofthework,andstoriesbehind-24-it.PhotoseditedwithPhotoshoporanyothersoftwarewillnotbeaccepted.EachparticipantcanturninthreephotosatmosttoLiuyingchinadaily.com.ThedeadlineforentriesisOct.15,2020.Formoreinformation,youcanrefertoChinaDaily’sofficialwebsite.Ifyouareinterested,I’mmorethanhappytobeyourphotographycompanion.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封信件；假定你是李华，最近中国日报（ChinaDaily）专门为外国人举办2020“最美中国”（AmazingChina）手机摄影大赛。请你写信建议你校英国留学生Geroge参加。信的内容包括：1.作品内容形式；2.提交的时间和方式；3.表示愿意提供帮助。人称主要是第三人称，时态主要是一般将来时和一般现在时。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：excitingnews(令人兴奋的的消息)，amobilephotocontestnamed“AmazingChina”(“最美中国”手机摄影大赛)，photography(摄影)，submission(提交)，yourphotographycompanion(你摄影的伴侣)等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如非谓语动词ChinaDailywillholdamobilephotocontestnamed“AmazingChina”,onlyopentoforeigners.被动语态Andeveryphotoshouldbeaccompaniedwithanexplanation:thetime,place,nameofthework,andstoriesbehindit.条件状语从句Ifyouareinterested,I’mmorethanhappytobeyourphotographycompanion.全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。-25--26--27-
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