【辉哥审校】高中英语七选五解题指导

高中英语七选五解题指导

老师叮咛：做题是必要的。辉哥绝非让你不做题，而是让你“先学方法考点再做题”。事实上，高考对我们的要求很高，光“会”是远远不够的，必须做到足够的“熟”，才能得高分——而这非得经过超级大量、超高强度的刷题才能实现！

刚开始做题的时候一定要“慢”，只有慢下来，才能有意识地运用新学到的技能，一快就容易瞎蒙——你都瞎蒙了好几年了，这个惯性需要用很大的意念力才能调整过来，这叫做“刻意练习”。做题的时候不要怕生词，有生词查出来背一下、再有生词再查出来背一下。这个过程没做过的人一定会害怕，觉得太费时间、觉得查了不考、觉得背了会忘……但只有做过一段时间的人才会体会到其中的妙处，那种“他乡遇故知”的快乐会让你每天收获满满的成就感。

下面的解题指导很重要，经过了全网首席高考英语名师李辉老师团队高度认真的整理校对，无错、可信！可供全国各省高中生打印、背诵！

题型解读

试题模式：给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。

考查重点：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）

选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）

过渡性句子（文章结构）

注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）

解题技巧

一、篇章结构类题解题技巧

通读整篇文章，理清文章结构和中心；根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略。

分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键。

（1）分析文章的层次包含两种形式：

一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落。另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语段层次。

（2）根据空格所在位置确定不同的解题策略：

1. 如果空格在段首或为段落标题

通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。

2. 如果空格在段尾

通常是结论、概括性语句（但大部分还是起到呈上的作用）。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。

3. 如果空格是一整个自然段

通常是承上启下的句子，要特别关注前后段的内在联系和逻辑关系。

◆运用上下文所重复的关键词推断

◆利用同义词和近义词关系

◆利用词的上下义关系

◆利用反义词、过渡词关系

◆理清结构，确定答案，最后再理顺一遍

相邻的两个句子中间必定会有信息的重叠。

空格为段落标题（同畴词复现）

_____

When a person is asking a question, show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.

A. Show your true interest.

B. Restate the question with respect.

C. Some ideas can be quite concrete.

空格为段尾（同词复现）

Go for a walk.

Mildly raised glucose（葡萄糖）levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In face, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain._____

A. But don’t worry if your schedule isn’t filled with life changing events.

B. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.

C. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.

空格为段落中间（递进关系）

The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves._____Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.

D. Try not to find fault with your friends.

E. Making new friends comes easy for some people.

F. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.

G. So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.

空格为段落中间（并列关系）

Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways._____Second your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.

E. you willy also want to develop your own method for taking notes.

F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.

G First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.

空格为段落中间（转折关系）

Everyone is forgetful, but as we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bit—and that can be a very annoying thing_____Read on for some techniques worth trying.

D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.

F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.

G. In other words, when you take care of our body, you take care of your brain.

具体解题步骤：

1. 看标题、副标题预测文章大意

2. 看选项，找出和文章相对应的关键词

3. 通读全文，查看主题句，分析结构

4. 看空前空后内容，分析之间的逻辑性

5. 灵活掌握答题顺序（先易后难）

6. 代入答案，重点核查逻辑关系

二、细节类题型解题技巧

每一个句子都要包含一些和上下句相似或有关的东西----词汇

（1）语言粘连衔接手段：词汇

1. 同词复现

2. 同范畴词复现

3. 句子之间的逻辑关系

4. 替代

复现是指作者在文章上下文不同的位置，对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指原词复现，同义词复现，近义词复现，反义词复现等等。

词汇复现（同词复现）

Self Expression

_____There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas—music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your children attracted by one more than another.

E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.

F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.

G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.

词汇复现（反义词复现）

There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leaves us without a friend_____But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage …

D. Try not to find fault with your friends.

E. Making new friends comes easy for some people.

F. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.

词汇同现（同一词汇范畴）

同范畴词出现，同范畴词是指，跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇，在文章同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准，一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。

Parents should help their children understand money._____so you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.

D. Talk yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.

E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.

G. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.

代词线索法

英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或句子，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。

Try taking these four steps. the next time you are stressed:

(1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to trusted adult, such as parent or other relatives._____They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.

D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.

E. You need to figure out what the problem is.

F. And don’t forget about your friends.

数词线索法

Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background._____Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.

D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more.

E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better.

F. They get as much as $4 million a year it the in songs are used.

逻辑衔接：语段的逻辑关系

并列 递进

转折 对比

解释 例证

顺序 因果

概括 归纳

逻辑关系线索法

并列与递进关系：firstly, secondly, thirdly, first, then, next, finally, at last, in the end, in the first place, in the second place, for one thing, for another, and, also, not…but…, further, moreover, what’s more, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, …

因果关系：so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a result, …

转折与让步关系：however, in fact, as a matter of fact, nevertheless, though, yet, in spite of, on the contrary, (un)fortunately, otherwise, while, rather than, even if, despite, …

解释关系：in fact, actually, for example, in other words, that is to say, as a matter of fact, …

逻辑关系线索（并列或递进关系）

The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves._____Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.

B. Do things together.

C. Do not wait to be spoken to.

D. Try not to find fault with your friends.

逻辑关系线索（因果关系）

It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend._____The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.

E. Making new friends comes easy for some people.

F. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.

G. So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.

逻辑关系线索（转折关系）

Everyone is forgetful, but as we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bit—and that can be a very annoying thing._____Read on for some techniques worth trying.

D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.

F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.

G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.

（2）语言粘连衔接手段：语法

1. 照应

2. 暗示

3. 替代

4. 连接

By 2020, Dr. David Davis believes, car technology will give motorists a clear view of the road, whatever the weather conditions, by projecting an image of the road ahead on to the car’s windscreen._____Cars will be connected by an electronic tow bar（牵引杠）to the car in front to form “road—trains”.

A. Every driver will use less fuel in the car he owns.

B. The car will automatically speed up, or slow down, to match the speed of the car in front.

C. And it will not be owned by one individual.

D. by 2030, cars will travel in line, linked to each other electronically.

_____It is a very happy day for many boys and girls. Before the terms ends in some schools, the children act a nativity（诞生）or “birth” play, showing how Jesus was born in a stable（马厩）.

A. People are often busy going shopping

B. Now the Chinese people also celebrate Christmas.

C. The turkey or chicken is quickly eaten.

D. Christmas Day falls on the twenty—fifth of December.

That happens in the 1980s. And, most recently, she says many kinds of people have joined the movement._____They represent many races, regions and political beliefs.

A. They are mainly rich people

B. Parents choose home—schooling for several reasons.

C. Most often, their parents are their teachers.

D. She says these include rich people and poor people.

Summary（总结）

七选五阅读理解题的解题技巧：

◆速读全文，关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题

◆浏览选项，理解全篇逻辑关系，找出关键词

◆运用上下文所重复的关键词推断

◆利用同义词、近义词、反义词关系

◆利用同一范畴或领域的词的关系

◆利用代词、冠词的暗示

◆理清结构与逻辑关系，确定答案

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