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DX 200 BSC DX 200 BSC General Description Training Document Document Number/Issue

Training Document

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No part of this publication may be copied, distributed, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any human or computer language without the prior written permission of Nokia Telecommunications Oy.

The manufacturer has made every effort to ensure that the instructions contained in the documents are adequate and free of errors and omissions. The manufacturer will, if necessary, explain issues which may not be covered by the documents. The manufacturer's liability for any errors in the documents is limited to the correction of errors and the aforementioned advisory services.

The documents have been prepared to be used by professional and properly trained personnel, and the customer assumes full responsibility when using them. The manufacturer welcomes customer comments as part of the process of continual development and improvement of the documentation in the best way possible from the user's viewpoint. Please submit your comments to the nearest Nokia sales representative.

NOKIA and the arrows logo are registered trademarks of Nokia Corporation.

No. of pages

49/TT

Editor/Translator

31-Oct-97 Miia Sjögren

Author

25-Sep-97 Almut Naujeck

Approved by

25-Sep-97 Stephan Flick

Previous issue (1.0) approved

14-Feb-97

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. OBJECTIVES .............................................................................................................. 5 2. BSC IN THE GSM NETWORK................................................................................. 6 3. BSC FUNCTIONS ....................................................................................................... 7 3.1. Configuration and Management of the Radio Resources............................................ 7 3.2. Handover management ............................................................................................ 8 3.3. Frequency hopping management .............................................................................. 9

3.3.1. No frequency hopping .................................................................................... 9 3.3.2. Baseband hopping........................................................................................ 10 3.3.3. Synthesized Frequency Hopping ................................................................... 11 3.4. Signalling between MSC and BSC ......................................................................... 12 3.5. Signalling between BSC and BTS .......................................................................... 13 3.6. Terrestrial Channel Management ............................................................................ 14 3.7. Interfaces .............................................................................................................. 15 3.8. Encryption management ......................................................................................... 15 3.9. Operation .............................................................................................................. 16 3.10. Maintenance ........................................................................................................ 16 3.11. Measurement and Observation............................................................................. 16 3.12. Support to Call Control ....................................................................................... 16 3.13. Extension Strategy ............................................................................................... 16 3.14. Configuration ....................................................................................................... 16 4. CAPACITY OF THE BSC1E, BASIC AND EXTENSION

CONFIGURATION ................................................................................................ 17 4.1. Capacity of the BSC1E, Basic configuration ........................................................... 17 4.2. Capacity of the BSC1E, Basic and Extension Configuration .................................... 19 4.3. Lay-out of cartridges of DX 200 BSC1E ............................................................... 20 5. CAPACITY OF THE BSC2E, BASIC AND EXTENSION

CONFIGURATION ................................................................................................ 21 5.1. Capacity of the BSC2E, Basic and Extension Configuration .................................... 22 6. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE BSC .......................................................................... 24 7. FUNCTION OF THE FUNCTIONAL UNITS IN THE BSC.................................. 25 8. EXCHANGE TERMINAL, ET ................................................................................. 26 8.1. Exchange Terminal, ET1E ...................................................................................... 26

8.1.1. General functions of the ET (ET1E, ET2E): ................................................... 26 8.1.2. Special functions of the ET1E ....................................................................... 26 8.1.3. ET1C, Exchange Terminal Cartridge............................................................. 27 8.2. Exchange Terminal, ET2E ...................................................................................... 27

8.2.1. General functions of the ET (ET1E, ET2E): ................................................... 27

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8.2.2. Special functions of the ET2E ....................................................................... 27 8.2.3. LED indicators ............................................................................................. 28 8.2.4. ET5C, Exchange Terminal Cartridge............................................................. 28 9. GROUP SWITCH, GSW ........................................................................................... 29 9.1. Plug-in Units in the Group Switch cartridge, SW1C ................................................ 30 9.2. Switching operation in the GSW............................................................................. 31 10. GROUP SWITCH, GSWB ...................................................................................... 32 10.1. Plug-in Units in the Group Switch cartridge, SW1C .............................................. 33 11. SUBMULTIPLEXER .............................................................................................. 34 11.1. SMUX units in the MCMU cartridge ................................................................... 35 11.2. Operation of the SMUX ...................................................................................... 36 12. CLOCK AND SYNCHRONISATION UNIT, CLS ............................................... 37 12.1. General functions of the CLS ............................................................................... 37 12.2. Clock and Synchronisation Unit Cartridge, CLS ................................................... 38 13. MARKER AND CELLULAR MANAGEMENT UNIT, MCMU ....................... 39 13.1. Plug-In Units in the MC1M cartridge ................................................................... 40 14. BSC SIGNALLING UNIT, BSCU .......................................................................... 41 14.1. General functions of the BCSU ............................................................................ 41 14.2. Plug-In Units in the MC1M cartridge ................................................................... 42 15. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE UNIT........................................................ 44 15.1. Plug-In Units in the OMU cartridge ...................................................................... 45 16. WINCHESTER AND FLOPPY DRIVE UNITS .................................................... 46 17. POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM IN THE BSC............................................................. 47 17.1. DC / DC converters in the BSC ........................................................................... 47 17.2. Power redundancy in the BSC ............................................................................. 48 18. DX 200 BSC, MML ................................................................................................. 49

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1. OBJECTIVES

This module describes the functions of the BSC, it’s capacity and configuration. Ideally after studying this material you should be able to:

 Given a BSS network example design an Abis-Interface structure for it (BSS exercise)  Calculate the capacity required within the BSC to serve this example (BSS exercise)  Calculate the number of 2Mbit/s links in the A- and Ater-Interfaces for this example network. (BSS exercise)

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2. BSC IN THE GSM NETWORK

Base Station Controller, BSC, is a part of the Base Station sub-system, BSS. It is responsible for the management of the radio network in the BSS. BSC is located between the MSC (TC) and the BTSs.

MSCTCTCBSCBTS 1Cell1BTS 2Cell 2BTS 3BTS 4Cell 4TCCell 3BTS 5Cell 5 Fig. 2.1 Base Station Controller in the GSM / DCS 1800 network

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3. BSC FUNCTIONS

3.1. Configuration and Management of the Radio Resources

 BCF, BTS and TRX management  channel allocation  channel release

 radio link supervision (measurement handling)  power control (BTS and MS) BCCH / CCCH management

Broadcast Control Channel/Common Control Channel  FCCH  SCH  BCCH  RACH  AGCH  PCH

Frequency Correction Channel Synchronisation Channel Broadcast Control Channel Random Access Channel Access Grant Channel Paging Channel

TCH/SDCCH management  SDCCH  SACCH  FACCH  TCH/F

Stand alone Dedicated Control Channel Slow Associated Control Channel Fast Associated Control Channel Traffic Channel Full Rate

TDMAframe7012345670BSCBTS Fig. 3.1 Radio channels management in the BSC

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3.2. Handover management

Handovers in GSM are based on the following parameters: - Signal quality - Signal level - Interference - Power budget - Distance

(bad signal quality, up / down link) (weak signal level, up / down link) (TS disturbance, up / down link) (max. TX power in BTS and MS) (distance > 35 km)

These values are measured by BTSs and MSs and the measurement data is stored in the BSC. The BSC is responsible for making the handover decisions, which can be following: Intra-BSC intra-cell - BTS

between two time slots in the same carrier or two carrier in the same

Intra-BSC inter-cell - Inter-BSC -

between two BTSs in different BSCs between two carriers in different BTS's

BTS 1CU 1CU 2(f1)70TDMA frame12345670(f2)7012345670BSCTDMA frameBTS 2CU 1(f3)7012345670 Fig. 3.2 Handover management in the BSC

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3.3. Frequency hopping management

Frequency hopping improves BTS-MS link quality. There are three different possibilities for Frequency hopping: No frequency hopping, Baseband frequency and Synthesizer hopping.

3.3.1. No frequency hopping

 In the BTS, BBM-Part of TRX 1 is permanently connected to RF-Part of TRX 1. BBM-Part of TRX 2 is permanently connected to RF-Part of TRX 2. The frequencies of TRX´s are fixed.

TRX1TDMA frame nTDMA frame n+171011123451111670111TDMA frame n+211213411516711BSCTRUABBMRFTRX2 TRX1Frequency7101112134115161BBMRFTRX3TRX2 Frequency70123456701234567012345627222222222222222222222222 TRX3BBMRF 70123456701234567012345673333333333333333333333333FrequencyBBM- PartF- BusRF- Part

Fig. 3.3 BTS without frequency hopping

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3.3.2. Baseband hopping

The digital (baseband) and analogue (RF) parts of a TRX are separated from each other.

A Bus is used to connect and cross-switch the baseband and radio parts of the transceivers.

Baseband hopping sequence can be:

 Cyclic: TS x of TDMA frame n from BBM-Part 1 is connected to RF Part 1. TS x of TDMA frame n+1 from BBM-Part 1 is connected to RF Part 2 end so on.  Pseudo-random: sequence is according to an algorithm in GSM specifications. TRX1TDMA frame nTDMA frame n+171011121341151617101TDMA frame n+211213141516171BSCTRUABBMRFTRX2 TRX1Frequency7101112131415161BBMRFTRX3TRX2 Frequency70123456701234567012345627222222222222222222222222 TRX3BBMRF 70313233343536373031323334353637303132333435363733FrequencyBBM- PartF- BusRF- Part Fig. 3.4 Baseband hopping management in the BSS

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3.3.3. Synthesized Frequency Hopping

Synthesized frequency hopping enables each other TRX to change the frequency of the RF-Part on successive Time-slots. Hopping sequence can be:

 Cyclic: BBM-Part of TRX 1 is permanently connected to RF Part of TRX 1. The frequency of the RF-Part will change between a number of frequencies.  Pseudo-random: sequence is according to an algorithm in GSM specifications. TRX1TRX1012345670123456701234567BSCTRUABBMRFTRX2Frequency231231233123123112312312TRX2012345670123456701234567BBMRFTRX3Frequency5556553555BBMRFTRX3Frequency0123456701234567012345677797777778BBM- PartF- BusRF- Part Fig. 3.5 Synthesized hopping management in the BSS

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3.4. Signalling between MSC and BSC

 Common channel signalling (CCS7) is used between MSC and BSC.

 The AS7-U PIU in the BCSU cartridge of the BSC provides Message Transfer Part functions; MTP (in MSC the AS7-U PIU in BSU cartridge is used).  The protocol MTP routes the signalling message according to the destination point code (OSI layer 1, 2 and lower part of layer 3).  On top of the MTP there is a Signalling Connection Control Part, SCCP to direct the message to the right user part. The user part protocol which is used between MSC and BSS is “BSS Application part, BSSAP”. BSSAP is divided into two sub-layers:

 Direct Transfer Application Part, DTAP: which is used for direct communication between the MSC and the MS  BSS Management Application Part, BSSMAP: which is used for communication between MSC and the BSC.

MSCBSSAPDTAPCMCCSMSSSMMBSCBTSMSCCSMSSSCMMMRRBSSMAPSCCPMTPBSSMAPBTSMSCCPMTPLAPDRRBTSMLAPDRR'LAPDmLAPDmLayer1Layer1Layer1Layer1 MSCGSWETBSCGSWTCETBSUBCSU Fig. 3.6 CCS7 management in the BSC

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3.5. Signalling between BSC and BTS

LAPD signalling is used between the BSC and the BTS:

 TRXSIG: is used for carrying signalling information between BSC and BTS as well as between BSC and MS  BCFSIG is used for carrying O&M information between BSC and BCFA unit in BS

MSCBSSAPDTAPCCSMSCMSSMMBSCBTSMSCCSMSSSCMMMRRBSSMAPSCCPMTPBSSMAPBTSMSCCPMTPLAPDRRBTSMLAPDRR'LAPDmLAPDmLayer1Layer1Layer1Layer1 MSCGSWETBSCGSWBTSOMUTCETETBIEBSUBCSUFU Fig. 3.7 LAPD link management in the BSC

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3.6. Terrestrial Channel Management

Channel management in A interface:

 managing the Traffic channels and the CCS7 signalling channels Channel management in the Abis interfaces:  managing the Traffic and LAPD signalling channels

MSCBSCBTSBCFUGSWETTCETGSWETTRUBBMTS1-15 TCHTS16 CCS7TS17-31 TCHTS1/TCHTS2/TCH | |TS30 TRXSIGTS31 OMUSIG

Fig. 3.8 Terrestrial channel management in the BSC

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3.7. Interfaces

A-interface to the MSC:  Ater interface to TCSM2E Abis interface to the BTS direction: X.25 connection to the OMC:

 PAD interface to the OMC using OSI stack (PAD: package assembly disassembly)  file transfer for loading program and data for the BSC/BS  file transfer for measurements and observations

OMC-FEX.25MSCBSCBTSBCFATCSMTRUATRX(x)A interface Ater interfaceAbis interfaceBS interface

Fig. 3.9 Interfaces in the BSS

3.8. Encryption management

 store the encryption parameters (Kc)

 forwards the encryption parameters to the BTS (Kc)

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3.9. Operation

One local MMI terminal for

 BSC parameters modification handling  BTS parameters modification handling One local printer for  alarm print outs  parameter print outs

3.10. Maintenance

 BSC reconfiguration, fault localisation, SW replacement  BTS reconfiguration, SW handling, alarm handling

3.11. Measurement and Observation

 traffic measurements  signalling event observations

 observation of specific mobile (tracing)

3.12. Support to Call Control

 queuing / priority  circuit switching  Short Message Service

 DTMF control signals are transparent

3.13. Extension Strategy

 cell splitting or expansion

 adding / removing BTS(s) and equipment

 adding / removing channel(s) (SDCCH, TCH, terrestrial)

3.14. Configuration

 collocated BTS and remote located BTS both are supported

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CAPACITY OF THE BSC1E, BASIC AND EXTENSION CONFIGURATION

4.1. Capacity of the BSC1E, Basic configuration

The height, width and depth of a standard rack are (without cabling and doors):



2200 mm x 600 mm x 450 mm

Only two types of racks are used in the DX 200 BSC (Figure 3.1., 3.2.). The cartridges of the DX 200 BSC are of the following types (Figure 3.3.):      

MC1C CLAC CLOC ET1C SW1C WDDC

cartridge for MCMU, OMU, and BCSU, cartridge for the Clock and Alarm Buffer Unit,

cartridge for the Clock and Synchronisation Unit,

cartridge for Exchange Terminals, cartridge for the Group Switch,

cartridge for Winchester units and Floppy Disk drives.

The size of each cartridge type is given below:    

type MC1C type ET1C type SW1C

types CLAC, CLOC, WDDC

262 mm x 260 mm x 170 mm, 262 mm x 240 mm x 230 mm 262 mm x 180 mm x 230 mm, 262 mm x 120 mm x 230 mm.

The Basic Rack equipment can handle

- 32 TRXs in 32 BTS's - 2 ET cartridges - 3 BCSU cartridges

 CCS7 links  LAPD links

(16 Exchange Terminals) (2 active, 1 spare) (2 x 4 CCS7)

(32 TRXSIG and 32 OMUSIG)

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PDUPDU Power Distribution UnitMCMU0SW1C0SW1Cx Group SwitchMCMUx Marker and Cellular Management UnitSW1C1MCMU1CLAC0 Clock and Synchronization UnitWDDC Winchester DiskCLACWDDC 0BCSU0BCSUx BSC Signalling UnitOMU Operation and Maintenance UnitOMUET1Cx Exchange Terminal CartridgeBCSU1BCSU2ET1C0ET1C1

Fig. 4.1 Rack lay-out of Basic rack BSC1E

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4.2. Capacity of the BSC1E, Basic and Extension

Configuration

The basic and extension rack can handle together:

- 256 TRXs in 128 BTSs (this requires the S6 Large Capacity BSC feature; without this feature: 128 TRXs in 128 BTSs) - 2048 Traffic channels - 7 ET cartridges - 9 BCSU cartridges  CCS7 links  LAPD link

(56 Exchange Terminals) ( 8 active and 1 spare) (8 x 4 CCS7)

(256 TRXSIG and 128 OMUSIG, with

S6 Large Capacity BSC feature)

PDUPDUSW1C0MCMU0CLAC 1ET1C6SW1C1MCMU1ET1C4ET1C5CLACWDDC 0BCSU0ET1C2ET1C3OMUBCSU3BCSU4BCSU1BCSU2BCSU5BCSU6ET1C0ET1C1BCSU7BCSU8

Fig. 4.2

Document Number/Issue

Rack lay-outs of Basic and Extension BSC1E rack

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4.3. Lay-out of cartridges of DX 200 BSC1E

CP4C32MBIF - TBCSU CP4C32ASF - TMBIF - TMCMU SWCOP - SMBIF - TAS7 - UAS7 - UMBIF - TPSC3SMUXSMUXSMUXSMUXPSC3 SW1C ET1EET1EET1EET1C SWCSMPSC3PSC3ET1E SWSPSPSC1CL1TGCLOCSWSPSSWSPSSWSPSET1EET1EET1EET1E AS7 - U / AC25 - SAS7 - U / AC25 - SCL1TG WDDC 0 CLAC CP4C32MBIF - TMBIF - TOMU PSC4HWATPSC3WDDC 1CLABAS7 - USCSIFCLAB PSC4PSC4FDD DAT WDDWDD

Fig. 4.3 Cartridge lay-outs of DX 200 BSC1E.

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CAPACITY OF THE BSC2E, BASIC AND EXTENSION CONFIGURATION

The height, width and depth of a standard rack are (with cabling and doors):



2050 mm x 600 mm x 500 mm

Only two types of racks are used in the DX 200 BSC (Figure 4.1). The cartridges of the DX 200 BSC are of the following types (Figure 4.2):      

MC1C CLAC CLOC ET5C SW1C WDDC

cartridge for MCMU, OMU, and BCSU, cartridge for the Clock and Alarm Buffer Unit,

cartridge for the Clock and Synchronisation Unit,

cartridge for Exchange Terminals, cartridge for the Group Switch,

cartridge for Winchester units and Floppy Disk drives.

The size of each cartridge type is given below:    

type MC1C type ET5C type SW1C

types CLAC, CLOC, WDDC

262 mm x 260 mm x 170 mm, 262 mm x 120 mm x 230 mm 262 mm x 180 mm x 230 mm, 262 mm x 120 mm x 230 mm.

The basic and extension rack can handle together:

- 256 TRXs in 128 BTSs (this requires S6 Large Capacity BSC feature; without this feature: 128 TRXs in 128 BTSs) - 2048 Traffic channels - 5 ET cartridges - 9 BCSU cartridges  CCS7 links  LAPD link

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(80 Exchange Terminals) ( 8 active and 1 spare) (8 x 4 CCS7)

(256 TRXSIG and 128 OMUSIG, with

S6 Large Capacity BSC feature)

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5.1. Capacity of the BSC2E, Basic and Extension

Configuration

BCBECC19VBCEER2A1PSA20_0PSFP0PSA20_1PSFP1PSA20_2PSFP2PSA20_3PSFP3SW1C0SW1C1CLOC 0CLACET5C2ET5C3ET5C4 1MCMU0MCMU1BCSU3BCSU4WDDCWDDC10OMUBCSU5BCSU6ET5C0ET5C1BCSU0BCSU7BCSU8BCSU1BCSU2

Fig. 5.1 Rack lay-outs of DX 200 BSC2E (Basic and Extension cabinet).

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Document Number/Issue

Fig. 5.2

CL1TGCP4C32CLOC CP4C32NTC CTXX 0384/2.0 en

CL1TGOMU MBIF - TMBIF - TMBIF - TMBIF - TBCSU SCSIFAS7 - UAS7 - U / AC25 - SAS7 - U / AC25 - SHWATCLABPSC3CLABCLACAS7 - UAS7 - UAS7 - UPSC3 SWSPSSWSPSSWSPSSWSPSSWCSMPSC1DAT SW1CCartridge lay-outs of DX 200 BSC2E.

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CP4C32 WDDC 1 PSC4MBIF - TMBIF - TSMUXMCMU ET2EET2EET2EET2EET2ESMUXET2EET2EET2ESMUXSMUXET5CWDDPSC4WDDPSC4FDDWDDC 0SWCOP - SPSC3

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6. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE BSC

MSC (TC)ETGSWETBTSCLSSMUXBCSUMCMUOMUI/OMB Fig. 6.1 Block diagram of the BSC

BSC consists of the following functional units: ET CLS BCSU MCMU OMU GSW SMUX MB

Exchange Terminal

Clock & Synchronisation Unit BSC Signal Unit

Marker and Cellular Management Unit Operation and Management Unit

Group Switch (K - GSWA or 8K - GSWB) Submultiplexer (in case of GSWA) Message Bus

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7. FUNCTION OF THE FUNCTIONAL UNITS IN THE BSC

Exchange Terminal:

 provides 2 Mbit/s interfaces

 max. three ETs provide clock signal for CLS

CLS

Clock & Synchronisation Unit:  provides synchronisation for the BSC

BCSU

BSC Signal Unit:

 provides CCS7 / LAPD signalling management  time slot 0 handling

MCMU

Marker and Cellular Management Unit:  management of the radio network  controls the Group Switch, GSW  “Central Memory” function

OMU

Operation and Management Unit:  controls the operations of the BSC

 monitors the operation of the BTSs and TCs (SM2M)  provides Digital/Analogue interface to the OMC direction

GSW

Group Switch:

 connects and releases the connections

SMUX

Submultiplexer:

 multiplexes and demultiplexes traffic and signalling channels

Message Bus:

 provides connection between the computers units (MCMU, BCSU and OMU)

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8. EXCHANGE TERMINAL, ET

8.1. Exchange Terminal, ET1E

8.1.1.

General functions of the ET (ET1E, ET2E):

 electrical and synchronisation adaptation to external 2 Mbit/s link  line coding / decoding (HDB3)

 frame structure forming and insertion of the alarm bits

8.1.2. Special functions of the ET1E

 One ET1E handles one 2 Mbit/s link

 impedance can be 75 or 120 ohm (using SMB- or Euro-connector)  ET is connected to the Group Switch

 LEDs on the ET unit indicate different alarms:

(Far End Alarm, CRC alarm, Frame Alignment lost, AIS, 2 M signal missing, Synchronisation lost, Loop) One ETIC cartridge can house:  8 Exchange Terminal  1 PSC3 DC/DC converter

Three ETs in the first ETIC cartridge provide clock signals for the Clock and Synchronisation Unit, CLS. They must be connected to the MSC direction.

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8.1.3. ET1C, Exchange Terminal Cartridge

ET1EET1EET1EET1EET1EET1EET1EET1EPSC3

Fig. 8.1 Fully equipped ET cartridge, ET1C

8.2. Exchange Terminal, ET2E

8.2.1.

General functions of the ET (ET1E, ET2E):

 see chapter 8.1.1.

8.2.2. Special functions of the ET2E

The ET5C cartridge (Figure 7.2.) realises the physical connection to a 2-Mbit/s lines. Two ET5C cartridges are installed in the BCBE rack and two in the BCEE rack. Each ET2E has two PCM equipment interfaces (0 and 1) to handle two 2 Mbit/s lines. Up to 16 Exchange Terminals (eight ET2Es) can be installed into one ET5C cartridge. The terminals are installed into the cartridges starting from the upper left hand slot of the left hand cartridge and continuing to the last upper slot of the right hand cartridge, then from the lower left hand slot of the left hand cartridge to the last lower slot of right hand cartridge.

The operating voltages needed by the ET2E are generated from the battery supply voltage (-UB) in the integrated power supply section (DC/DC converter) of the unit.

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8.2.3. LED indicators

The ET2E contains the following seven red alarm indicators  LD1: basic timing signal alarm indicator

 LD2: input direction alarm of PCM equipment interface 0 (loss of signal, loss of frame alignment, AIS, bit error rate > 10-3)  LD3: far-end alarm of PCM equipment interface 0 (turned on when receiving a B3 alarm from the far end)  LD4: output direction alarm of PCM equipment interface 0 (turned on when the ET2E sends the AIS to the line or the line loop is on  LD5: input direction alarm of PCM equipment interface 1  LD6: far-end alarm of PCM equipment interface 1  LD7: output direction alarm of PCM equipment interface 1

8.2.4. ET5C, Exchange Terminal Cartridge

Figure 8.2 The ET5C cartridge.

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9. GROUP SWITCH, GSW

The Group Switch makes the kbit/s switching function for traffic channels, CCS7 signalling channels, LAPD signalling channels and internal signalling channels. The GSW is controlled by the SWCOP unit in MCMU cartridge. The maximum capacity of the GSW is 256 PCMs.

An incoming PCM is converted from serial to parallel form by the SWSPS unit and directed to the Switching Memory SWCSM. The actual switching is done in the SWCSM unit. After the Switching has been done, the outgoing PCM is converted from parallel to serial form. Extension steps for the GSW

 PCM, by adding a new SWSPS board, max. four SWSPS Redundancy: duplicated

GSWMSC (TC)ETSWSPSSWSPSBTSETSWSPSSWSPSCLSSWCSMSMUXBCSUMCMUOMUI/OMB Fig. 9.1 Block diagram of the GSW

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9.1. Plug-in Units in the Group Switch cartridge, SW1C

SWCSM, the control and Switching Memory is a part of the switching memory matrix. The memory is divided into the control memory section and the switching memory section. Incoming PCM time slots received from the SWSPS are written to the switching memory section. These memory locations are written to the outgoing PCM according to the address in the control memory section which is controlled by the SWCOP (next page).

SWSPS, the Serial-Parallel-Serial Converter converts the time slots of the incoming PCM into parallel format and sends them to the SWCSM and vice versa.

PSC1, the Power Supply for Cartridge operates as a chopper regulator and supplies the +5.1V(120W) and -5.1V(38W) needed by the units.

SWCSMSWSPSSWSPSSWSPSSWSPSPSC1

Fig. 9.2 Fully equipped SW1C cartridge

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9.2. Switching operation in the GSW

1PCM xSWSPSPCM 0(Serial/Parallel)TS 0 1AddressSWSPSTS 0 1TS 0 1(Parallel/Serial)313131PCM 02PCM x3SWCSMSWCOP(Marker)(Switching Memory) Fig. 9.3 Switching function in the GSW

1. Incoming frame is written periodically to successive memory locations of the switching memory in synchronisation with incoming PCM frame 2. The outgoing frame is generated by reading the above-mentioned memory locations in order determined by the control data. 3. The control memory locations are read periodically in synchronisation with outgoing PCM frame. Incoming PCM is connected to the SWSPS unit which makes the serial to parallel conversion and is connected to the SWCSM.

Outgoing PCM coming from the SWCSM is connected to the SWSPS which makes the parallel to serial conversion.

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10. GROUP SWITCH, GSWB

The Group Switch GSWB enables the routing of 8 kbit/s channels through the BSC. It conveys the traffic passing through the BSC and switches the tones to the subscribers of the exchange and to the trunk circuits. The GSWB also establishes the needed connections to the signalling units and the internal data transmission channels. It is also responsible for the submultiplexing functions of the BSC.The GSWB is controlled by the SWCOP unit in MCMU cartridge. The maximum capacity of the GSWB is 256 physical PCMs. Extension steps for the GSWB

PCM, by adding a new SWB board, max. four SWB boards Redundancy: duplicated GSWBMSC(TC)ETETBTSCLSSWBSMUXBCSUMCMUMBOMUI/O Fig. 10.1

Block diagram of the GSW

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10.1. Plug-in Units in the Group Switch cartridge, SW1C

The GSWB is composed of 1...4 SWB plug-in units. The capacity of each SWB plug-in unit is 32 incoming and outgoing 4.096 Mbit/s serial buses ( 2.048 Mbit/s PCM circuits). A maximum-size GSWB can handle 128 4.096 Mbit/s serial buses (i.e. 256 2.048 Mbit/s PCM circuits). The basic configuration of a SW1C cartridge is 2 SWB plug-in units. The remaining two boards are not needed.

The SWB plug-in units are controlled by the SWCOP-S plug-in unit which belongs to the control computer.

PSC1, the Power Supply for the Cartridge, operates as a chopper regulator and supplies the +5.1V (120W) and -5.1V (38W) needed by the units.

SWB0SWB1PSC10203040506

Fig. 10.2 SW1C cartridge

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11. SUBMULTIPLEXER

The SMUX is used only together with the GSWA. If GSWB is used, no SMUX is needed anymore. Function of the SMUX

 de-submultiplexes one submultiplexed PCM into four non submulti-plexed PCMs and vice versa  one SMUX board can handle 40 PCMs

 8 groups, each group having 5 PCMs 1 is submultiplexed and 4 are non-submultiplexed SMUX PIU are located in the MCMU cartridge Redundancy: duplicated units (inside duplicated MCMU)

MSC (TC)ETGSWETBTSSMUXCLSXPSSWUOMCSWCOPSMSWCUOXPXPUSMSWCOXPUSWCOSMMCMUOMUI/OCPUBCSUMBIFMBMBIF

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Fig. 11.1 Block diagram of the submultiplexer

11.1. SMUX units in the MCMU cartridge

One MCMU cartridge can house 4 SMUX units. Each of them can handle 40 PCMs (8 Submultiplexed and 32 Non-Submultiplexed).

PCM link from BTS (Abis interface) is always submultiplexed and connected to the SMUX unit.

PCM link from MSC (Ater interface) is connected to the SMUX unit only if the link is submultiplexed (SM2M equipment is used).

CP386MBIF-TMBIF-TSMUXSMUXSMUXSMUXSWCOP-SPSC3

Fig. 11.2 SMUX units in the MCMU cartridge

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11.2. Operation of the SMUX

Non-submultiplexedPCMsPCM315PCM341PCM339PCM323.0082.001.001.01SubmultiplexedPCM4.00PCM24TS01.001.011.31TS82.002.31TS163.003.31TS244.004.313.312.311.31TS314.31 Fig. 11.3 Time slot allocation in the SMUX's PCMs

Example of one of the PCM groups in the SMUX. On the submultiplexed side there are 128 (32 x 4) 16 kbit/s channels (traffic/ signalling) that are demultiplexed into four Non-submultiplexed PCMs. In each Non-submultiplexed PCM there are 32 channels (traffic/signalling), one channel occupy one Time Slot

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12. CLOCK AND SYNCHRONISATION UNIT, CLS

12.1. General functions of the CLS

The Clock and Synchronisation Unit (CLS) distributes timing reference signals to the functional units of the DX 200 BSC. It can operate plesiochronously or synchronously with the timing references it has received from the digital PCM trunks. Three PCM reference inputs with priority order are provided for the timing reference signals. Clock & Tone Generator (CL1TG) plug-in unit meets the requirements of the CCITT Q.500 Series Recommendation with respect to the Time Interval Error (TIE), the jitter, the wander, and the transfer function. In the plesiochronous operation mode, the frequency shift of the CL1TG is 2 * 10-8 within each 24-hour period, if the temperature of the environment does not vary.

When the system consist of more than one rack, the timing reference signals are buffered inside the extension rack by a duplicated Clock and Alarm Buffer (CLAB) plug-in unit.

MSC (TC)ETGSWETBTSCLSCL1TGSMUXCLABCLABCL1TGBCSUMCMUMBOMUI/O Fig. 12.1

Block diagram of the CLS

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12.2. Clock and Synchronisation Unit Cartridge, CLS

In basic rack configuration only CL1TG plug-in units are used. Using a extension rack configuration the CL1TGs are in the basic rack and the CLABs are in the extension rack. The CL1TG distributes the basic timing signals to the extension rack.

Basic rackExtension RackCLAC CL1TGCLOCCL1TG CLABCLAB Fig. 12.2

CLS cartridges used either inside Basic Rack or inside Extension Rack

The CL3TG is a new clock plug-in unit for the BSC having two inputs for external synchronization on the same board. The clock-units for the BCEE extension rack in the CLAC cartridge are not changed.

CLOCCL3TGCL3TG

Fig. 12.3

CLOC cartridge with new plug-in unit CL3TG

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13.

MARKER AND CELLULAR MANAGEMENT UNIT, MCMU

Functions of the Cellular Management Unit part in the MCMU:

 controls and supervises cellular network  controls and supervises handovers  controls and supervises power controls Functions of the Marker part in the MCMU:

 controls and supervises the GSW

 finds free circuits, connects and releases all connections  central memory function

MSC (TC)ETGSWETBTSCLSSWCOPSMUXSMUXSMUXSMUXMCMUOMUI/OCPUBCSUMBIFMBMBIF Fig. 13.1 Block diagram of the MCMU

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13.1. Plug-In Units in the MC1M cartridge

CPU, the Central Processing Unit, controls the radio network by sending and receiving signalling data from the BCSU via the Message Bus. The CPU also controls the SWCOP unit which in turn controls the Group Switch.

MBIF-T, the Message Bus Interface is a bi-directional interface between the CPU and the 8-bit parallel Message Bus.

SWCOP is the control interface for the switching network. It performs the functions required by the CPU and controls the Group Switch via control bus.

SMUX, the Submultiplexer packs four 16 kbit/s channels to each time slot in outgoing 2 Mbit/s PCM and unpacks them from incoming PCM.

SPC3, the Power Supply for Cartridge operates as a chopper regulator and supplies the +5.1V(105W) and -5.1(25W) needed by the units.

CPUMBIF-TMBIF-TSMUXSMUXSMUXSMUXSWCOP-SPSC3

Fig. 13.2 MC1M cartridge

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14. BSC SIGNALLING UNIT, BSCU

14.1. General functions of the BCSU

 CCS7 interface handling(towards MSC):

handling of the protocols MTP, SCCP and BSSAP  one BCSU can handle max. four kbit/s CCS7 links

 LAPD interface handling(towards BTS):

one BCSU can handle 32 x LAPD links (max. 16 TRXSIG’s and max. 16 BCFSIG’s)  Frame alignment interface:

- TSL 0 handling (using AFS-T PIU (BSC1E) or AS7-U PIU (BSC2E)) - one BCSU can handle max. 32 time slots 0  Redundancy: n+1

 power control and handover control algorithms

MSC (TC)BTSETGSWETCLSSMUXAS7-UAS7-UCPUAS7-UBCSUMCMUOMUI/OMBIFMBIFMB Fig. 14.1

Document Number/Issue

Block diagram of the BCSU inside the BSC

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14.2. Plug-In Units in the MC1M cartridge

 CPU (Central Processing Unit):

tasks are the call control of the trunk circuit traffic, the supervision of the trunk circuit traffic and the functions above CCS level 2.  MBIF-T (Message Bus Interface):

is a bi-directional interface between the Control Processor and the 8-bit parallel Message Bus.  AS7-U for CCS:

performs the functions associated with the control, supervision and message transmission of the CCS channels in the MSC direction.  AS7-U for LAPD:

performs the layer 2 LAPD functions in the BTS direction.

 AFS-T inside BSC1E:

performs the trunk circuit supervision function according to the data received in time slot 0 in PCM trunk circuits.

Inside the BSC2E this function is done by the AS7-U PIU.  PSC3 (Power Supply for Cartridge):

operates as a chopper regulator and supplies the +5.1V(105W) and -5.1V(25W) needed by the units.

CPUMBIF-TMBIF-TAS7-UAS7-UAFS-TPSC3

Fig. 14.2 BCSU cartridge inside BSC1E

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CP4C32MBIF - TMBIF - TBCSUAS7 - UAS7 - UAS7 - U

Fig. 14.3 BCSU cartridge inside BSC2E

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15. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE UNIT

Functions of the OMU:  local user interface  OMC connections  fault collection  recovery activation  diagnostics activation Redundancy: none

MSC (TC)ETGSWETBTSCLSSMUXVDULPAS7/AC25OMUHWATBCSUMCMUCPUAS7-UMBMBIFMBIFSCSI Fig. 15.1 Block diagram of the OMU

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15.1. Plug-In Units in the OMU cartridge

CPU, the Central Processing Unit, controls and supervises the interfaces of the OMU and performs the required automatic recovery functions on the basis of the collected fault data.

MBIF-T, Message Bus Interface is a bi-directional interface between the Control Processor and the 8-bit parallel Message Bus.

SCIF, the Small Computer System Interface provides the SCSI interfaces to the Winchesters and the V.24/V.28 interfaces to the VDU and printer.

AS7-U handles the Q1 link for the Transcoder. If X.25 link to the OMC is done via the MSC, another AS7-U is needed for X.25.

AC25 connects the BSC to the OMC via a cable, PSTN or PSPDN.

HWAT, the Hardware Alarm Terminal conveys the hardware alarms to the OMU. The HWAT receives 67 internal alarms of the BSC and has interfaces for 24 incoming and 16 outgoing external alarms. PSC3, the Power Supply for Cartridge (see BCSU)

AS7-UCPUAS7-UORAC25-UHWATPSC3MBIF-TMBIF-TSCSIAS7-UORAC25-U

Fig. 15.2 OMU cartridge

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16. WINCHESTER AND FLOPPY DRIVE UNITS

The WDDC cartridge contains two Winchester and one floppy disk drives. All the programs and files are stored in the Winchester. The Floppy drive is used for maintenance purposes. - -

Winchester two units

200 Mbytes up to 1 Gbyte disk unit Floppy one unit

1.44 Mbytes, using DXDOS format

FDDPSC4PSC4WDDWDD

Fig. 16.1 WDDC cartridge

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17. POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM IN THE BSC

From the Battery Back upearth bar of the site-filterfilterCartridge type 1DC/DCCartridge type 1DC/DCCartridge type 2DC/DCCartridge type 2DC/DCPDU 1PDU 2 Fig. 17.1 Power supply system in the BSC

The input voltage can be from -41.5 to -72 VDC. Each BSC rack has two Power Distribution Units, PDU. Both PDUs must have own DC inputs. In the PDUs there are DC/DC converter specific 10A fuses for the DC/DC converters located in the cartridges.

17.1. DC / DC converters in the BSC

Three different DC/DC converters are used in the cartridges:  PSC1 DC/DC converters are used in SW1C cartridges  PSC4 DC/DC converters are used in WDDC cartridges

 PSC3 DC/DC converters are used in all the other cartridges (exception ET2EC)

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17.2. Power redundancy in the BSC

Power redundancy is done in two ways: Type1: one DC/DC converters can feed power for the units in two different cartridges if another fails (ET1C)

Type2: redundancy is done in the functional unit level. If one DC/DC converter fails whole functional unit is replaces by the other functional units (GSW, MCMU, BCSU)

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18. DX 200 BSC, MML

MML is a command language used to manage the operation of the BSC. MML is based on a menu structure.

In the Main menu the Command Classes of the system are listed.

The Command Classes consists of Command Groups and the Commands within each group.

To execute the command user have to type Command Class letter then Command Group letter and finally Command letter and the parameters which that command needs and \";\" semicolon to execute the command. e.g. EEI; check the status of the BTSs

Commands are described in the specific Command Group documents included in the Command Manual.

Display of the Command Classes in the BSC: MAIN LEVEL ? .... DISPLAY MENU

A .... ALARM SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION C .... ROUTING STATE ADMINISTRATION D .... SYSTEM SUPPORT AND COMMUNICATION E .... CELLULAR NETWORK ADMINISTRATION I .... I /O SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION N .... SS7 NETWORK ADMINISTRATION O .... NETWORK STATISTICS ADMINISTRATION Q .... O & M NETWORK ADMINISTRATION R .... ROUTING ADMINISTRATION T .... TRAFFIC ADMINISTRATION U .... UNIT ADMINISTRATION

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Document Revision History

DATE 07-APR-95 14-DEC-95 11-MAR-96 ISSUE 1.0 1.1 1.2 AUTHOR J. Reiter A.Bätz A. Bätz SUMMARY OF CHANGES first release insertion of rack configuration BSC2E Insertion of new ET2E; modification of BCSU and CLS; modification of document layout; 14-FEB-97 25-JUN-97 1.3 2.0 S.Flick New GSW added, some corrections, and Objectives A.Naujeck S6 update: new CL3TG unit, different capacity etc. Distribution List

NTC CTXX 0651/1.0 en BSSSOM course program Attached documents

NTC CTXX

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