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大学英语四级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷251(题后含答案及解析)

来源:爱够旅游网


大学英语四级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷251 (题后含答案及解

析)

题型有: 4. Translation

Part Ⅳ Translation

1. 马可-波罗(Marco Polo)是来自意大利的著名旅行家。他于1275年到达元朝(the Yuan Dynasty)的首都。从那时起他在中国游历17年,访问了中国的许多城市。回到意大利后,马可·波罗与他人合作,写下了《马可-波罗游记》(The Travels of Marco Polo)。在这本游记里,马可·波罗描绘了一个辉煌的东方世界,详细介绍了中国的著名城市。该书一出版,就受到了欧洲人的热烈欢迎,激起他们对东方文明的兴趣。

正确答案: Marco Polo was a famous traveler from Italy. He arrived at the capital of the Yuan Dynasty in 1275. From then on he spent 17 years in touring China, visiting many cities around it. After he returned to Italy, he cooperated with others to write a book named The Travels of Marco Polo. In this book, Marco Polo described a glorious Eastern world, and introduced in detail some Chinese famous cities. After its publication, the book was warmly welcomed by the Europeans, arousing their interests in Eastern cultures.

解析:1.第1句中的定语“来自意大利的”可作后置定语,译为coming from Italy,但直接用介词短语from Italy更简单地道。2.第3句中的“他在中国游历17年”可理解为“他花了17年在中国游历”,故可套用句型spend(time/money)in doing sth.。经过仔细分析可发现,“访问了中国的许多城市”算是游历中国的伴随动作,故用现在分词短语visiting many cities around it来表达。3.第4句中的“写下了《马可?波罗游记》”可看作是“与他人合作”的结果。翻译时,把“与他人合作”(cooperatewith others)译作谓语,“写下了《马可?波罗游记》”(to write a book named The Travels of MarcoPolo)译作结果状语。此处要增译a book来具体指出。4.最后一句中的“激起他们对东方文明的兴趣”可处理成与“受到欢迎”并列的结构,译作and aroused theirinterests in Eastern cultures,但将其处理成表结果的状语,即用现在分词短语arousing their interestsin Eastern cultures来表达,句子的层次更丰富、逻辑更强。 知识模块:汉译英

2. 在中国,风筝具有独特的艺术价值。风筝首先出现在春秋时代(the Spring and Autumn Period)的战争中。随着时代的发展,现在风筝已成为一项世界性的体育和休闲活动。风筝的主要材料为竹子和纸,并加以各种绘画来装饰。风筝具有各种形状,如昆虫、金鱼(goldfish)和云彩等,大的可达数百平方米,最小的甚至可以放在信封里。这些富有魅力的风筝反映了手工艺人(craftsman)的高超技艺。

正确答案: The kite is considered to have unique artistic value in China.

First appeared in the wars of the Spring and Autumn Period, now with the development of times, it has become a worldwide sport and leisure activity. It is mainly made of bamboo and paper and decorated with various kinds of paintings. With different shapes such as insects, goldfish and cloud, a large kite can measure hundreds of square meters while the smallest can even be put into an envelope. These attractive kites show the superb skills of the craftsmen.

解析:1.第2、3句都是论述风筝的发展,语义顺承,故考虑将其合译为一句,而重点放在现在的状况,所以把后一句处理成主句,前一句用过去分词短语引出,表达为first appeared…,now…it has become…。2.第4句中的两个分句“风筝的主要材料为竹子和纸”及“并加以各种绘画来装饰”的逻辑主语不同,分别是“材料”和“风筝”,若按原文字面来译,需译成两个句子,较繁琐,故考虑将两个分句的主语统一为“风筝”,承前用it指代“风筝”,译为it is mainly made of...and decorated with...,表达清晰顺畅。3.倒数第2句中的“风筝具有各种形状”可处理为with引导的伴随状语With different shapes such as…。最后两个分句语义上表对比,可译成while引导的并列句。“大的可达数百平方米”可译成a large kite can mea-sure hundreds of square meters或a large kite can be as large as hundreds of square meters。4.最后一句中的“富有魅力的”,不少人首先想到的词是charming,这里也可以译为attractive。“手工艺人的高超技艺”中的中心词是“技艺”,“手工艺人的”可处理成后置定语of the craftsmen。 知识模块:汉译英

3. 提到中国体育不能不说乒乓球。乒乓球为中国赢得了无数个世界冠军(championship),给国人带来无穷的喜悦与自豪感。此外,乒乓球一直是中国人最喜爱的运动之一。无论在学校、社区(residential areas),还是公园、广场,都可以看到乒乓球和人们挥拍的身影。上至花甲老人,下至年幼孩童都可以挥上几拍,这也是乒乓球被称为中国国球的另一原因。

正确答案: When it comes to China sports, we cannot avoid mentioning table tennis. This sport has helped China win countless world championships, bringing Chinese people a lot of happiness and a sense of pride. In addition, table tennis has always been one of the favorite sports of the Chinese people. You will see table tennis and its players everywhere, no matter in schools, residential areas, parks or squares. Both elder people and children are able to play it more or less. This is another reason why it is called the “Chinese National Ball”.

解析:1.第1句“提到中国体育不能不说乒乓球”可套用句型when…we cannot avoid mentioning sth.来表达“当……时不能不说……”的意思。该句中“提到”和“说”意义相近,翻译时应避免用词重复。“提到”用短语when it comes to来表达,也可通俗地说成when we talk about…。2.第2句中“赢得了……”和“带来……”为并列结构,翻译时,可将其直译为and连接的并列结构,也可将后半句译成现在分词短语bringing Chinese people a lot of happiness and a sense of pride,作伴随状语。3.第4句中的“都可以看到乒乓球和人们挥拍的身影”这个句子中,主语因约定俗成而省略,这种“无主语句”在汉语中频频出现,翻译成英文时往往要根据主语的重要性进行相应补全或译成无主语的被动句,此处宜将主语you补充出来。该句中“挥拍的身影”省译更符合英语表达习惯,只需

译出“看到乒乓球和人们”即可。4.最后一句中的“花甲老人”和“年幼孩童”分别用elder people和children来表达即可,不必译出“花甲”、“年幼”二词。在处理一些为了行文需要而存在的中文表达时,应采取“减词”的翻译策略,否则译文反而显得累赘或违背英语表达习惯。 知识模块:汉译英

4. 七夕节(Double Seventh Festival)是中国最具浪漫色彩的传统节日。每年农历(lunar calendar)七月初七就是七夕节,亦称“乞巧节”。七夕节起源于中国古代牛郎(Cowherd)和织女(Weaver Maid)的爱情神话,他们的故事感动了一代又一代的中国人。许多有情男女会在七夕的晚上祈祷自己的姻缘美满,期望“有情人终成眷属”。近年来,越来越多的都市青年男女把这个节日当作“中国情人节”(Chinese Valentine’s Day)来过。

正确答案: The Double Seventh Festival is the most romantic traditional Chinese festival. Also known as “Qiqiao Festival”, it falls annually on the 7th day of the 7th month of the lunar calendar. The festival came from an ancient Chinese romantic fairy tale about the Cowherd and the Weaver Maid, which has deeply moved generations of Chinese people. Many men and women in love usually pray for a happy marriage on that night, hoping for “a happy ending for true love”. In recent years, more and more youths in cities celebrate the Double Seventh Festival as Chinese Valentine’s Day.

解析:1.第1句中宾语“节日”前有三个并列的形容词作定语:“中国”、“最具浪漫色彩的”和“传统”,翻译时应按照英文的表达习惯来排列。离中心词由远及近的排列顺序为:性质描述类、体积类、形状类、年龄类、颜色类、来源类、质地类和用途类。故译文为the most romantic traditional Chinese festival。“色彩”是汉语的行文习惯,翻译时减省不译不仅不会产生歧义,还能保持英文句子简洁流畅。下文的“青年男女”中的“男女”亦可用类似的翻译方法来处理。2.第2句的中文语序是“……七月初七是七夕节”,原文的主语较长,直译不符合英文的表达习惯,故翻译时调整语序,将“七夕节”改为句子的主语。句末的“亦称‘乞巧节’”中的“亦称”理解为“也被称作”,用表被动的过去分词短语known as…表达,置于句首作状语,这样句子更紧凑流畅。3.第3句中后一个分句的“他们的故事”指代的正是前面的“爱情神话”,故该分句可用which引导非限制性定语从句,对“爱情神话”进行补充说明。4.第4句中的“期望”是“祈祷”的伴随动作,故用现在分词短语hoping for...来表达。5.最后一句中的谓语“把……当作……来过”较口语化,其实际意思是“把……当作……来庆祝”,故可译成celebrate...as...。 知识模块:汉译英

5. 舞狮(lion dance)是中国的一种传统舞蹈形式,在重大节日和隆重活动中经常可以看到。舞狮起源于三国时期(the Three Kingdoms Period),至今已有1000多年的历史。舞狮一般由两人表演,一人舞狮头,另一人舞狮身和狮尾。表演者在锣鼓(gongs and drums)音乐的伴奏下,表演狮子的各种动作。舞狮随着华人移居海外而闻名世界,尤其是在东南亚国家,但每一个国家和地区都有自己的舞狮风格。

正确答案: Lion dance is a form of traditional dance in China, which can be

often seen in important festivals and great events. With a history of over 1,000 years, lion dance can date back to the Three Kingdoms Period. There are usually two performers in lion dance, one handling the lion’s head, and the other playing the body and the tail. They perform all kinds of lion’s movements to the music played by gongs and drums. As the Chinese migrate abroad, lion dance is famous all over the world, especially in Southeast Asian countries; however, each country and region has its own dancing style.

解析:1.第1句的后半句用which引导的非限制性定语从句来表达,这样句子结构更紧凑顺畅。“经常看到”可以译为we can often see...,但用被动形式can be often seen...更符合英语常用被动语态的表达习惯。2.第2句中的“起源于三国时期,至今已有1000多年的历史”是一个并列结构,如果译成and连接的并列句则译文结构松散,表达平淡,故将后半句处理成介词短语with a history of over 1,000 years。3.第3句中的“舞狮一般由两人表演”可逐字对译为lion dance is usually performed by two persons。但汉语呈现以动词为中心的特征,而英语呈现以名词为中心的特征,故把“表演”由动词转换成名词更佳,表达为there are usually two performers in lion dance。后半句“一人舞狮头,另一人舞狮身和狮尾”,是对前面的“两人”的补充说明,可以分译成一个独立句子,也可以处理成“逻辑主语+v.-ing”的独立主格结构。4.第4句中的“锣鼓音乐”在翻译时应准确表达其意义“由敲打锣鼓发出的音乐”,故采用“名词+过去分词短语”作后置定语的形式,处理成music played by gongs and drums。5.最后一句由三个小分句组成,前两句意思联系紧密,为同一个意群,第3个分句含转折意味,故整个句子可处理成由but连接的并列句;或者是分号连接的并列句,中间加上表转折的however。 知识模块:汉译英

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