外国语言文学综合考试

2011年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题

************************************************************************* 学科、专业名称：外国语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学 研究方向：各研究方向

考试科目名称：外国语言文学综合考试 考试科目代码：808 考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。 SECTION A Ⅰ. Fill the blanks with proper answers（10%） 1. The English sonnet, also known as ________________________ sonnet, usually has a regular rhyme scheme a-b-a-b, c-d-c-d, e-f-e-f, g-g. 2. It was in 1798, with the publication of William Wordsworth’s ___________, in collaboration with S.T. Coleridge, that romanticism began to bloom and found a firm place in the history of English literature. 3. The typical feature of Robert Browning's poetry is the ____________________. 4. The Graveyard Poets were a number of pre-Romantic English poets of the 18th century characterized by their gloomy meditations on mortality in the context of the graveyard. A contemplative and mellow mood is achieved in the celebrated opening verse of Gray's _____________________. 5. As one of the great innovators of the modern novel, Virginia Woolf developed the technique of __________________________ in her writing, which focuses on the complex lives of characters’ inner minds instead of outward actions. 6. It was ___________________ , as the primary author who wrote “the Declaration of Independence”, together with other four men including Benjamin Franklin. 7. ____________________’s “The Raven” is a dark reflection on lost love, death, and loss of hope. 8. Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Scarlet Letter is a story about a woman named _________________ living in seventeenth - century Boston, then a puritan settlement. 9. Early in the 1920s the most prominent of the new American playwrights, ______________, 考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共 6 页 第1 页

established an international reputation with such plays as The Emperor Jones and The Hairy Ape. 10. Hemingway’s stature as a writer was confirmed with the publication of his novel _________ in 1929, which portrayed a farewell both to war and to love. Ⅱ. Define the terms listed below according to your knowledge of English and American literature and criticism. （20%） 1.Gothic novel 2. Byronic hero 3. Critical Realism 4. Transcendentalism Ⅲ. Identify the following quotations by giving（1）the title of the work; (2) the name of its author, and (3) explain briefly the implications of the underlined parts.（20%） 1. Crafty men condemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them, for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, for they teach not their own use; but that is a without them, and above them, won by observation. 2. If I were a dead leaf thou mightest bear; / If I were a swift cloud to fly with thee; / A wave to pant beneath thy power, and share / The impulse of thy strength, only less free / Than thou, O Uncontrollable! 3. Oh sir, she smiled, no doubt, / Whene’er I passed her; but who passed without / Much the same smile? This grew：I gave commands；/Then all smiles stopped altogether. 考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共 6 页 第2 页

4. He smiled understandingly—much more than understandingly. ……Precisely at that point it vanished— and I was looking at an elegant young roughneck, a year or two over thirty, whose elaborate formality of speech just missed being absurd. Some time before he introduced himself I’d got a strong impression that he was picking his words with care. 5. To go into solitude, a man needs to retire as much from his chamber as from society. I am not solitary whilst I read and write, though nobody is with me. But if a man would be alone, let him look at the stars. The rays that come from those heavenly worlds, will separate between him and vulgar things. Ⅳ. Writing: Choose one of the following pair and write a comparative essay of no less than 200 words (25%): 1. Charles Dickens and Thomas Hardy 2. The Lost Generation & The Beat Generation 考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共 6 页 第3 页

SECTION B I. There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10%) 1. Which of the following sounds does not belong to the allomorphs of the English simple past morpheme? A. [d] B. [t] C. [It] D. [Id] 2. When -ion in 'television' is removed to get a verb 'televise', we call this way of creating words ________. A. suffixation B. back-formation C. blending D. acronymy 3. In the following conversation: - Beirut is in Peru, isn't it? - And Rome is in Romania, I suppose. The second person violates the ______________ of the Cooperative Principle. A. Quantity Maxim B. Quality Maxim C. Relation Maxim D. Manner Maxim 4. As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for \"correct\" linguistic behavior, it is said to be ___________. A. prescriptive B. sociolinguistic C. descriptive D. psycholinguistic 5. The discovery of the Indo-European language family began with the work of ________. A. Jacob Grimm B. Bronislaw Malinowski C. Leonard Bloomfield D. Sir William Jones 6. One of the properties of language is that a language user can understand and produce sentences he/she has never heard before. This property of language is called ________. A. duality B. productivity C. displacement D. arbitrariness 7. The consonant [ð] in English can be correctly described as having the following phonetic features: __________. A. voiceless, alveolar, stop B. voiceless, labiodental, lateral 考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共 6 页 第4 页

C. voiced, dental, fricative D. voiceless, labiodental, affricate 8. \"I bought some roses\" __________ \"I bought some flowers\". A. entails B. presupposes C. is inconsistent with D. is synonymous with 9. The process where a word or phrase refers forward to another word or phrase which occurs later in a text or conversation is called __________. A. antecedent B. cataphora C. anaphora D. reference 10. Which pair of words in the following is a minimal pair? A. dick, dug B. bike, pike C. cat, pet D. page, lake II. Fill in the blanks with words or phrases starting with the first letter given below. (10%) 1. S __________ is the smallest component of meaning. 2. An e______________________ construction is one whose distribution is functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents, i.e., a word or a group of words, which serves as a definable center of head. 3. A c_____________ is a collection of linguistic data, either compiled as written texts or as a transcription of recorded speech. 4. A s________________ is a specification of what takes place in the classroom, which usually contains the aims and contents of teaching and sometimes contains suggestions of methodology. 5. J. R. F_________ was the first professor of general linguistics in Great Britain and he turned linguistics proper into a recognized distinct academic subject in Britain. 6. IC analysis is the short form for i__________. 7. The i________________ function is to convey new information, to communicate a content that is unknown to the hearer or reader. 8. B_________________ in linguistics holds that children learn language through a chain of stimulus-response reinforcement. 考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共 6 页 第5 页

9. The P____________ School is best known and remembered for its contribution to phonology and the distinction between phonetics and phonology. It most prominent scholar is Trubetzcoy. 10. Philosophers use c_________________ to mean the properties of the entity a word denotes. III. Define the following terms. (25%) 1. arbitrariness 2. antonymy 3. conversational implicature 4. broad transcription 5. proposition IV. Give each of the following a brief account. (30%) 1. Linguistic determinism （10%） 2. Metaphor （10%） 3. In what way is Saussure’s distinction between langue and parole different from Chomsky’s distinction between competence and performance? （10%）

考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共 6 页 第6 页