44 中国牛业科学 第39卷 tively.These indexes from the group I cattle was obviously better than those from the group III.There was no significant difference in the daily gain of the 6 month old,1 8 month old between the group I and group III,but the the daily gain of the 12 month old and 24 month old from the group 1 were obviously better than those of Group III.Moreover,the daily gain of the 6 month old,1 2 month old,1 8 month old and 24 month from group I1 were better than those from group I and III.[Conclusion]Simental cattle and Angus cattle demonstrated better hybridizing effect,and Simental cattle showed better the hybridization effect than the Angus when they hybridized with the local cattle. Key words:Simental cattle;Angus cattle;Local cattle;hybridization effects (上接第40页) NiLeke County of Yili region.Measuring growth performance of the 1-10 years old Xinjiang Brown cattle and the F1,F2 g—US Brown cattle was also performed.Finaly statistical analysis was generat1On of Xiangj ian utilized to stu dy the data. e results show that the growth and performance traits of the F1,F2 [ResultlTh generation of nj iang—US brown cattle at different growth stages were significantly higher than those of purebred Xinjiang Brown cattle(P<0.05 or P%O.05).[Conclusionl The excellent genes from the USA and Switzerland brown COW had significant effect on improving body size and weight of Xi ̄iang Brown cat Key words:Xi ̄iang Brown;Xi ̄iang—US brown cattle;growth performance 育肥肉牛饲养管理窍门 根据育肥肉牛的特点,肉牛育肥时如果能坚持“五定”、“五看”、“五净”的原则,就能达到很好的育肥效 果。 1 “五定” 1) 定时。 每天上午7~9时,下午5~7时各喂1次,间隔8 h,不能忽早忽晚。上午、中午、下午定时饮 水3次。 2) 定量。 每天的喂量,特别是精饲料量按每i00 kg体重喂精饲料1~1.5 kg,不能随意增减。 3) 定人。 每头牛的饲喂等日常管理要固定专人,以便及时了解每头牛的采食情况和健康,并可避免产 生应激。 4) 定时刷拭。每天上、下午定时给牛体刷拭1次,以促进血液循环,增进食欲,保持牛温顺,易管理。 5) 定期称重。为了及时了解育肥效果和饲料消耗情况,定期称重很有必要。首先牛进场时应先称重, 按体重大小分群,便于饲养管理。在育肥期也要定期称重,由于牛采食量大,为了避免称重误差,应在早晨空 腹称重,最好连续称重。 2 “五净” 1) 草料净。饲草、饲料不含沙石、泥土、铁钉、铁丝、塑料布等异物,不发霉不变质,无有毒有害物质污 染。 2)饲槽净。牛下槽后及时清扫饲槽,防止草料残渣在槽内发霉变质。 3)饮水净。注意饮水卫生,避免有毒有害物质污染饮水。 4) 牛体净。经常刷拭牛体,保持体表卫生,防止体外寄生虫的发生。 5) 圈舍净。圈舍要勤打扫、勤除粪,牛床要干燥,保持舍内空气清洁、冬暖夏凉。牛舍及设备经常检修 缰绳、围栏等易损品,要经常检修、更换。牛舍在建筑上不一定要求造价很高,但应防雨、防晒、冬暖夏凉。 此外,要注意适时出栏,体重一般在500 kg以上出栏。